Basic insect anatomy

External anatomy
_______ major body regions, _____ legs, ___ pair of antennae, and usually ___ pair of wings (as adults)

The head

_____________ eyes One pair of ____________ Mouth (including mandibles)

______________

Antennae (antenna singular)

Major sensory devices, especially for _________ Can be used by the insect in many ways (e.g., _______)

Mouthparts

_________

__________________

Insect mouthparts can be highly modified Immature insect mouthparts usually differ from adults

Thorax

The middle body region of the insect - 3 segments (_________, __________, ___________) Legs and wings are on the thorax

 Legs - a wide array of both ______ and ___________ y - but all consist of the same parts

Leg parts
______ ________ ______ (thigh) ____ (shin) ______ (foot) ________ (claw)

Insect wings
Forewing attached to ___________ - hi d i attached to _____________ hindwing h d _________ serve as support struts Wings useful identifying insects many orders are based on wing characteristics Diptera ____________ Lepidoptera ______________ Thysanoptera ______________

Wings: - most adults have at least _________ of wings - some are membrano s others co ered with scales membranous, covered ith - beetles have a leathery cover (______) over the wings

Abdomen

Abdomen
Has the ____________ machinery __________ male reproductive structure __________ female egg laying structure can be modified into ______ in some Hymenoptera

Abdomen
Stores _______ Lacks __________ (immature stages) false legs that arise from the abdomen of caterpillars are called __________

Prolegs on abdomen

True legs on thorax

Insects have an exterior covering called the ___________ This segmented _______" gives the insect its shape Often covered with a waxy layer; may have hairs (______)

 Insects grow larger, in steps, by shedding the exoskeleton this is called _____________ The periods between molts is the ____________

Recently molted roach (from 3rd to 4th instar)

Internal anatomy
Inside the insect we find the systems for ________, _______, _______, and ________

__________ system

Tube opens at the mouth and empties at the end of the insect Divided into 3 parts - _________, ___________, and ___________ In some insects (e.g. honey bee) the foregut acts as a ______

__________ system

The _________ system is a simple tube down the _____ - open at both ends - slowly pulses body fluids from ______ to the ______

_________ system

______ centralized _________ system than humans The nerve chord runs along the ______ (_____) of the insect The brain controls eyes, antennae, and mouthparts Concentrations of nerve bundles (________) along the chord - controls body functions closest to it

___________ system

Air enters through a series of openings (_______) g along the sides of the thorax and abdomen Air goes down tubes (__________) The largest spiracles are found on the ________ There are no spiracles on the _______

Life cycles
Without metamorphosis (______________) Incomplete metamorphosis (_______________) Complete metamorphosis (________________)

_____________ lifecycle

At birth, the larva is like the adult; it is only ______ The insect increases in size over ______________

_____________ lifecycle

The nymph (or larva) resembles an adult ___________ The larva reaches the adult stage at the final molt

______________ lifecycle example

(hairy chinch bug)

egg

1st instar

2nd instar

3rd instar

4th instar

5th instar

shortwing adult

normal wing adult

Egg Stage

Nymphal Stage

Adult Stage

_____________ lifecycle

At birth, larva looks very different from the adult Larva generally has a very different lifestyle When growth is completed, the larva forms a pupa Larva undergoes major structural changes Emerges as the adult stage

_____________ lifecycle example

(northern masked chafer)

egg

1st instar

2nd instar

3rd instar

pupa

adult

Egg Stage

Larval Stage

Pupal Stage

Adult Stage