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PVP and more ... LUVITEC , LUVICROSS and COLLACRAL VAL

Versatile specialty polymers for technical applications.
www.luvitec.com

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Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is a polymer with wide ranging properties such as:

Soluble in many systems Hygroscopic Film formation Adhesion Initial tack Complex formation Dispersing Stabilization Solubilization Crosslinkability Stable in a wide pH range Biological compatibility Toxicologically safe Binding

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Foreword
It was in late 1930s' that Professor Walter Reppe of BASF first invented and patented the polymer, PVP. In the more then 70 years since that significant milestone, we have been continuously advancing its development to further its applications. Originally used as a plasma substitute, PVP was introduced to a wide variety of applications in pharmacy, cosmetics and industrial production. BASF's PVP homo- and copolymers are known under the following brand names for technical applications LUVITEC , LUVICROSS , and COLLACRAL VAL It has always been our philosophy to provide customers with solutions to their problems. We view our success as the ability to bring you specific answers to your problems with our PVP solutions. We strongly believe in and welcome mutual collaboration with you to come together and jointly conceptualize new solutions with PVP. We hope this brochure is the start of this process.

PVP has many unique performance features, enabling its continued development into many new and different applications. More obvious examples include agricultural, adhesive, electronic, membrane and metal quenching.

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Contents

1. 1.1 1.2 1.3

Selected examples and possible uses in technical applications LUVITEC vinylpyrrolidone homo- and copolymers LUVICROSS crosslinked vinylpyrrolidone homopolymer COLLACRAL VAL special hydrophobic modified vinylpyrrolidone/vinylacetate copolymer

5 7 7

2. LUVITEC 2.1 Vinylpyrrolidone homopolymers LUVITEC K-grades 2.1.1 Product range 2.1.2 Typical product properties 2.2 Vinylpyrrolidone copolymers LUVITEC and COLLACRAL VAL 2.2.1 Product range 2.2.2 Product description 2.3 Comparison between homo- and copolymers 3. 3.1 3.2 LUVICROSS Product range and description Typical product properties

8 9 10 13 14 15 17

18 19

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1. Selected examples and possible uses in technical applications

1.1 LUVITEC vinylpyrrolidone homo- and copolymers

Field of application Adhesives Glue sticks Hot-melt adhesives Skin adhesives

Advantages/function of the polymer

Provides high degree of initial tack, outstanding adhesion and bonding to paper. Good adhesion, especially to glass, metal, paper and plastic surfaces (e.g. PP, PE, PET); particularly suited to the production of remoistenable or water-soluble adhesives. Viscosity modification, toxicologically safe, ready crosslinking and formation of hydrogels important properties in the production of flexible, skin-adhesive gels that adhere well.

Agriculture Seed coating and treatment

Seed pelletizing Crop protection Fertilizer

High performance film forming adhesives in combination with the compatibility to active ingredients like insecticides and fungicides. Polymer coating prevents damage from frost, promotes germination and provides improved protection against attack by fungus and mold. Binder of granules and pellets for improved durability and the ability of the seed to be sown including dust reduction. Improved adhesion of the active ingredients to the plant. Stabilization of active ingredients, solubilization and dispersion. Binder in granulated form and dispersant of ingredients, for example dye to achieve a homogenous colored coating; reduction of dust. Good adhesion, binding and compatibility with raw materials in combination with complete combustion to improve binding, glaze and color fixation in ceramics.

Ceramics

Coatings and Inks Dispersions and paints Catheter coating Antifogging coating, (e. g. ski and diver goggles, and cockpit windows) Inks Electrical/electronic Screens Batteries (e. g. NiCd, NiH, Li ions) Printed circuit boards Chemical Mechanical Polishing (CMP)

Use as protective colloid/dispersant and for viscosity modification. Exploitation of the hygroscopicity and crosslinkability of VP polymers for the production of catheter coatings having a low coefficient of friction. Good film formation and adhesion properties as well as crosslinkability for the production of colorless, transparent coatings having antifogging properties on glass, polycarbonate and polymethyl methacrylate surfaces. Dispersants, improve ink flow and adhesion of the ink to nonporous surfaces.

Use as photoresist in the black matrix process (production of the graphite matrix) in color screen tubes for improved picture contrast and image resolution. Coating and binder in electrode manufacture. Temporary or permanent coating of printed circuit boards. Fixation of and protective colloid for noble metal suspensions (e.g. Pd). Additive for the production of CMP slurries.

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Field of application Membranes Ultra- and microfiltration for: - biomedical applications (e.g. dialysis) - water purification - waste water treatment - food processing (e.g. beer and wine filtration) Metallurgy Metal quenching baths

Advantages/function of the polymer

Adjust pore size and pore size distribution; increase membrane permeability; production of hydrophilic membrane by crosslinking; prevent fouling. Main use in Polysulfone (PSU), Polyethersulfone (PES) and Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes. High biocompatibility, especially with blood and toxicologically safe.

Control of the cooling process and characteristic by adjusting viscosity. Aqueous systems provide safer handling (no fire or fume risk) and easy disposal.

Paper Coating of ink-jet paper Specialty paper Photography Photographic film/paper

The coating improves the absorption of printing ink by increasing the viscosity of the ink on contact with paper; prevents ink from migrating and smearing. Improves printability and gloss; use as dispersant and as binder for optical brighteners.

Developing solution Polymerization

Control of grain growth and grain size distribution of silver halide crystals; prevent fogging; immobilize optical brighteners or dyes; prevent diffusion into other layers of the film; increase color luster and image contrast; binder in the halo prevention layer. As accelerator in developing solution. Emulsifier for emulsion polymerization; protective colloid for lattices; adjustment of the rheological properties of lattices. Dispersion of pigments

Textiles + Fibers Glass fibers Plastic fibers Textile fibers

Protective colloid and film-forming agent in sizing; prevents fiber splicing; auxiliary in processing and weaving. Blended with plastic fibers to improve moisture transportation. Auxiliary in the textile dyeing process; use as a textile surface finish.

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1.2

LUVICROSS crosslinked vinylpyrrolidone homopolymer

Field of application Coatings Ink-jet papers and films

Advantages/function of the polymer

Fixing of pigments and other components of coating formulations as well as adsorption of solvents for ink-jet papers and films.

Filter aid for technical applications Complexation of polar compounds, like dyes, polyphenols and nitro compounds. Granules and tablets Color pigments Agrochemicals

Accelerate the disintegration of granules in aqueous formulations and stabilize the suspension obtained. Accelerate the disintegration of granular formulations (disintegrant).

1.3

COLLACRAL VAL special hydrophobic modified vinylpyrrolidone/vinylacetate copolymer

Field of application Polymer dispersions Thickener

Advantages/function of the polymer

Protective colloid

Thickening agent for polymer dispersions and other water-based systems, especially for mixtures with low filler load. Wide pH application range between 3 8, with optimal thickening at a pH-value of 5. For adjustment of optimal flow and coating properties. Manufacturing of resin dispersions and for mixing resin solutions into polymer dispersions.

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2. LUVITEC
2.1 Vinylpyrrolidone homopolymers LUVITEC K-grades
PVP is a white, hygroscopic powder with a weak characteristic odor. In contrast to most polymers, it is readily soluble in water and a large number of organic solvents, such as alcohols, amines, acids, chlorinated hydrocarbons, amides and lactams. On the other hand, the polymer is insoluble in the common esters, ethers, hydrocarbons and ketones. PVP is markedly hygroscopic. This property combined with outstanding film formation, initial tack and adhesion to different materials, high capacity for complex formation, good stabilizing and solubilizing capacity, insensitivity to pH changes, ready radiation-induced crosslinkability as well as good biological compatibility have made PVP one of the most frequently used specialty polymers. PVP is synthesized by free-radical polymerization of N-vinylpyrrolidone in water or alcohols with a suitable initiator. By selecting suitable polymerization conditions, a wide range of molecular weights can be obtained, extending from low values of a few thousand daltons to approximately 2.2 million daltons.

LUVITEC K-grades Versatile polymers for technical applications

Soluble in many systems Hygroscopic Film formation Adhesion Initial tack Complex formation Dispersing

Stabilization Solubilization Crosslinkability Stable in a wide pH range Biological compatibility Toxicologically safe Binding

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2.1.1 Product range

BASF offers a wide range of vinylpyrrolidone homopolymers with different molecular weights (K-values) under the name LUVITEC K. The products are available as a powder or as aqueous solutions. Characteristic parameters of all LUVITEC K-grades are listed in Table 1. Details of the test methods and product specifications are available on request. High molecular weight PVP powders LUVITEC K 80, K 85, K 90 and K 90 HM are packed under an inert gas atmosphere to maintain its molecular weight. This packaging guarantees a storage stability of the powder product in the original container at room temperature for at least 3 years.

K-value*

Solids content in %*

pH-value (10 % solution)*

Residual NVP content in ppm*

Brookfield-RVT Viscosity 3 in mPas at 23 C * 80 180 (40/2/100) 80 140 (30/1/50) 2500 7000 (20/6/100) 5000 20000 (20/6/50) 10000 25000 (20/7/100) 15000 30000 (20/7/100) 80 140 (30/1/50) 2000 20000 (35/6/50) 5000 15000 (20/6/50) 300 1500 (10/4/100) 10000 40000 (20/7/100) 2000 5000 (11/6/100)

LUVITEC K 17 powder LUVITEC K 30 powder LUVITEC K 801 powder LUVITEC K 851 powder LUVITEC K 901 powder LUVITEC K 90 HM1 powder LUVITEC K 30 solution approx. 30 % LUVITEC K 60 solution approx. 35 % LUVITEC K 85 CQ2 solution approx. 20 % LUVITEC K 90 CQ solution approx. 10 % LUVITEC K 90 solution approx. 20 % LUVITEC K 115 CQ2 solution approx. 10 %

15 19

95.0 100.0

3.0 7.0

100

27 33

95.0 100.0

3.0 7.0

100

74 82

95.0 100.0

5.0 8.0

100

84 88

95.0 100.0

5.0 9.0

100

88 92

95.0 100.0

5.0 9.0

100

92 96

95.0 100.0

5.0 9.0

100

27 33

29.0 31.0

4.0 8.0

100

52 62

34.0 36.0

7.0 9.0

300

83 88

19.0 21.0

7.0 9.0

100

90 98

9.5 10.5

7.0 9.0

50

90 98

19.0 21.0

7.0 9.0

100

114 130

10.5 11.5

7.0 9.0

50

Table 1: Characteristic parameters for LUVITEC K-brands 1 Packaging under an atmosphere of nitrogen 2 Preserved 3 Solid content in %/spindle/rpm

* all data in this publication are approx. values. It does not necessarily form part of the product specification. A detailed product specification is available from our local BASF representative

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2.1.2 Typical product properties

Ash The ash content is determined by heating the sample to 800 C for 6 h. All LUVITEC K-grades show an ash content of 0.02%. Details of the method can be obtained on request (Table 3). Viscosity The rise in viscosity with increasing concentration depends essentially on the K-value. While in the case of the low molecular weight K 17 and K 30 grades, a 5 10% increase in concentration has only a slight effect on the viscosity, changes by a factor of 5 or more can be found for the high molecular weight products (Fig.1). Molecular weight The average molecular weight (Mw) of the LUVITEC K-grades extends from a few thousand daltons to about 2.2 million daltons. The number-average molecular weight (Mn) rises in parallel with this from around 2,000 daltons to around 400,000 daltons. The weight average and the number average were determined by GPC analyses;

calibration was done with narrowly distributed PVP samples which had previously been characterized by light scattering (Table 3). Glass transition temperature With the exception of LUVITEC K 17 powder, the glass transition temperatures of LUVITEC K homopolymers lie within a similar, relatively high temperature of 175 180 C (Table 3). Particle size distribution The particle size spectrum of the LUVITEC K powder grades varies considerably since different drying processes are used to produce the powder (Table 3). Color The color is determined using aqueous solutions according to the method of the European Pharmacopoeia. A guide value lighter than BY5/B5/R6 applies to all LUVITEC Kgrades. Details of the method can be obtained on request (Table 3).

viscosity in mPas at 23 C

1000
EC K1 1 EC 5 K 90

K-value 116 K-value 97 water absorption in % K-value 90 K-value 80 90 80 70 60 50

VIT

VIT LU
LU VIT EC

90

LU

100

LU

VIT

EC

0 K8

LUV

ITEC

K 60

K-value 55

40 30 20 10

K 30 K-value 30 LUVITEC LUVITEC K 17 K-value 17

10

10 Solids content in %

0 0 25 50 100 75 rel. humidity in %

Figure 1: Dependence of the viscosity on the solids content of aqueous LUVITEC K-solutions; Brookfield RVT Viscometer, spindle 3, 100 rpm at room temperature

Figure 2: Moisture absorption of LUVITEC K-grades (film thickness: 2 mm) at 23 C after saturation

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Compatibility and Film Forming Properties The outstanding compatibility of Polyvinylpyrrolidone with a huge number of compounds like organic and inorganic salts, dyes, active compounds, plasticizers, bacteria, blood opens up a wide field of opportunity and applications for LUVITEC in different industries. Polyvinylpyrrolidone films are clear, transparent, hard and brittle. These properties can be selectively modified, for example, tack and brittleness, by using plasticizers like: water, glycerin, glycol, polyglycols, fatty acid derivates, phthalates, Hexamoll , sorbitol, cellulose derivates.

Solubility of PVP One of the outstanding properties of PVP is its universal solubility both in hydrophobic and in extremely hydrophilic solvents (Table 2). To produce solutions of PVP from powder, it is advisable to add the powder to the solvent in portions while stirring; in this way, formation of lumps of powder can be avoided. When using higher molecular weight PVPs and also when producing more concentrated solutions, the rate of dissolution can be significantly increased by raising the temperature to 50 C 60 C. Soluble in Acetic acid 1,4-Butanediol Butanol Butylamine Chloroform Cyclohexanol Diethylene glycol Dimethyl acetamide Dimethyl sulfoxide Ethanol Ethylene diamine Ethylene glycol Formic acid Glycerin Isopropanol Methanol Methylene chloride Methylcyclohexanone N-Methylpyrrolidone Poly(ethylene glycol) 400 Propanol Propylene glycol Pyrrolidone Triethanolamine Vinylpyrrolidone Water
Table 2: Selected solvents for LUVITEC K-grades

Insoluble in Acetone Butane Carbon tetrachloride Chlorobenzene Cyclohexane Cyclohexanone Diethyl ether Dimethyl ether Dioxane Ethyl acetate Hexane Methyl acetate Methyl ethyl ketone Mineral oil Petroleum ether Propane Tetrahydrofuran Toluene Xylene

Hygroscopicity The marked hygroscopicity of PVP is sufficiently well known. Moisture absorption is almost independent of the molecular weight. The moisture content curve (Figure 2), determined using a 2 mm PVP film, is characteristic of all LUVITEC K-grades.

Dialysis Membrane Module based on LUVITEC /ULTRASON Hollow Fiber Membranes

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Crosslinkability High molecular weight LUVITEC K-grades (for example LUVITEC K 90) can be crosslinked at elevated temperature (70 90 C) by adding small quantities of a peroxide (for example tert.-butyl peroxipivalate, H2O2/CuCl2) or persulfate in aqueous solution and under nitrogen. By contrast, aqueous LUVITEC K 30 solutions can best be crosslinked by raising the pH to 11 at elevated temperature (approximately 90 C) under nitrogen. PVP films can be crosslinked even at room temperature by radiation curing (electron beam, gamma or X-rays) using 0.5 10 megarads.

Crosslinking is also known with UV light in the presence of a UV initiator (for example 4,4'-diazidostilbene-2,2'di-sodium sulfonate) at 350 380 nm and a light intensity of 0.2 0.5 mW/cm2. When crosslinked, PVP becomes insoluble in all solvents. In contrast to soluble PVP, crosslinked PVP is capable of swelling only in polar solvents (for example water or ethanol). The extent of swelling depends on the crosslinking density. On account of its outstanding adhesion and physiological compatibility, weakly crosslinked PVP with a high water content (hydrogel) is employed as a skin-adhesive gel.

Typical properties of the LUVITEC K-grades LUVITEC Molecular weight (GPC): Mw in kDa* Mn in kDa* Ash content in %* Rel. Viscosity (1% in water, 23 C capillary viscometer)* Glass transition temperature in C (DSC)* Particle size in m* (Sympatec-Helos Rodos) X10% X50% X90% Color (10 % solution, according to Europ. Pharmacopoeia)* Moisture absorption at saturation in %*
Table 3:
1

K 17

K 30

K 60

K 80

K 85

K 90

K 90 HM

K 115

9 2

50 14

450 140

850 200 0.02

1100 250

14001 3251

1800 375

2200 400

1.09 (5%: 1.53) 110

1.25

1.93

3.09

3.74

5.09

5.69

12.2 (0.1%: 1.33) 180

175

175

180

180

180

180

15 25 100

25 75 130

only available as solution

60 160 320

90 180 350

90 180 350

90 180 350

only available as solution

brighter than BY5/B5/R6

20 (50 % rel. humidity, 23 C) 40 (75 % rel. humidity, 23 C)

* all data in this publication are approx. values. It does not necessarily form part of the product specification. A detailed product specification is available from our local BASF representative

LUVITEC K 90 powder

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2.2. Vinylpyrrolidone copolymers LUVITEC and COLLACRAL VAL

An attractive extension of the PVP product range with specifically modified properties By incorporating selected comonomers into the VP polymer chain, specific properties of the VP homopolymers (LUVITEC K-grades) can be modified. This opens up a variety of possibilities for new applications. Such comonomers include vinylacetate (VA) and N-vinylcaprolactam (VCAP).

Figure 3 illustrates the different properties copolymers as compared to VP homopolymers.

Modified VP polymers

LUVITEC VA 64

Reduced moisture absorption and improved melting behavior Reduced moisture absorption and tackiness

PVP

Improved thickener performance

LUVITEC VPC 55 K 65 W

COLLACRAL VAL

Figure 3: Modified VP polymers: specific changes of product properties

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2.2.1 Product range

LUVITEC Product characteristics Comonomer content in %* Supplied as Solids content in %* K-value* pH-value (10 % in H2O)* Gardner color scale (20 % in H2O)* Brookfield RVT Viscosity in mPas at 23 C / in water in %* Residual monomer content in ppm* Moisture absorption in % (23 C, 75 % rel. humidity)* Glass transition temperature in C (DSC)* Molecular weight Mw in kDa (GPC)* Molecular weight Mn in kDa (GPC)*

VA 64 W VP/VA 40 aqueous solution 49 51 26 34 5.0 7.0

VA 64 P VP/VA 40 powder 95.0 26 34 3.8 6.0

COLLACRAL VAL VP/VA hydrophobic modified aqueous solution 29 31 50 60 3.5 6.0

VPC 55 K 65 W VP/VCAP 50 aqueous solution 29 31 62 68 6.0 8.0 3

1000 3000 (LVT 50 %, sp. 4/60 rpm) VP 100/ VA 300 15

1000 3000 (LVT 50 %, sp. 4/60 rpm) VP 100/ VA 300 15

1500 2800 (30 %, ISO 3219 Shear rate: 25 rpm) VP 100/ VA 100 10

8000 20000 (RVT 30 %, sp. 5/20 rpm) VP 100/ VCAP 100 25

105

105

106

170

65 15

65 15

250 40

750 125

Table 4: The LUVITEC copolymer and COLLACRAL VAL product range: an overview of characteristic parameters

* all data in this publication are approx. values. It does not necessarily form part of the product specification. A detailed product specification is available from our local BASF representative

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2.2.2 Product description

LUVITEC VA 64 The moisture absorption of PVP can be reduced specifically by the partial incorporation of less hydrophilic comonomers, such as vinylacetate (Figure 4). LUVITEC VA 64, which contains 40 wt. % of vinylacetate, has proved its worth in numerous technical applications. LUVITEC VA 64 is nonionic. It's comonomer ratio is optimized to make it soluble in both water and organic solvents such as ethanol, isopropanol, n-propanol, glycerin, methylene chloride, esters and ketones. LUVITEC VA 64 powder is not soluble in ether or aliphatic hydrocarbons without auxiliary solvents. As compared with PVP homopolymers, the glass transition temperature of LUVITEC VA 64 of 105 C is significantly lower, giving it a markedly improved melting behavior. LUVITEC VA 64 can be extruded at approx. 130 140 C without the need for further auxiliaries and is used in various areas as a hot-melt adhesive.

Water absorption of LUVITEC VA 64 and K

water absorption in %

60

LUVITEC K

50

40 LUVITEC VA 64 30

20

10

20

40

60 75 90 rel. humidity in %

Figure 4: Water absorption of a LUVITEC VA 64 film as a function of the relative humidity at 23 C after saturation in comparison with LUVITEC K

LUVITEC VA 64

O
LUVITEC VA 64 a vinylpyrrolidone/vinylacetate copolymer with reduced moisture absorption improved melting behavior

O O

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LUVITEC VPC 55 K 65 W As in the case of LUVITEC VA 64, moisture absorption compared to the VP homopolymer can be reduced by the partial replacement of VP by the less hydrophilic vinylcaprolactam. LUVITEC VPC 55 K 65 W is a good film former. The aqueous solution shows a reversible cloud point at 65 C. COLLACRAL VAL COLLACRAL is a special hydrophobic, modified vinylpyrrolidone/ vinylacetate copolymer with a glass transition temperature of approx. 106 C. Due to the special modification, COLLACRAL VAL can be used as a thickener in a wide pH-range between 3 8, with optimal performance at a pH of approx. 5. In addition COLLACRAL VAL can be used as protective colloid in the production of resin dispersions and mixing preparation of resin solutions with polymer dispersions.

LUVITEC VPC 55 K 65 W

O
LUVITEC VPC 55 K 65 W a vinylpyrrolidone/vinylcaprolactam copolymer with reduced moisture absorption reduced tackiness

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2.3. Comparison between homo- and copolymers

Solubility

LUVITEC VA 64

LUVITEC VPC 55 K 65 W VP/VCAP 1

LUVITEC K-grades

Product characteristics Acetone Cyclohexane Dimethyl sulfoxide Ethanol Ethyl acetate Ethylene glycol Isopropanol Methanol Methylene chloride Methyl ethyl ketone N-Methylpyrrolidone Tetrahydrofuran Water
Table 5: Solubility

VP/VA

VP
The solubility was determined with powder (or dried polymer samples).

powder soluble, 5% and 20% solutions can be produced powder insoluble

1 = cloud point: approx. 65 C

Product properties

LUVITEC VA 64

LUVITEC VPC 55 K 65 W VP/VCAP clear, colorless, brittle 0

LUVITEC K-grades

Product characteristics Film formation 1

VP/VA clear, colorless

VP clear, colorless, brittle 5

Tackiness 2 Crosslinkability Complex formation Dyes

Table 6: Special product properties

1 Films cast from 20%, aqueous solution; film thickness: approx. 1 2 mm; dried to constant weight 2 Method according to Kempf (0 = low tack, 5 = high tack

suitable/available

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3. LUVICROSS
3.1. Product range and description
LUVICROSS a crosslinked and thus, insoluble vinylpyrrolidone homopolymer, belongs to the class of products called PVPP (polyvinylpolypyrrolidone). The outstanding property of this crosslinked polymer is its capacity to adsorb dissolved substances. Adsorption Swelling capacity Chemical stability

LUVICROSS Characteristic parameters Product characteristics Supplied as Molecular weight* Crosslinking agent in %* Solids content in %* pH-value (1% Susp. in water)* Moisture absorption in % (23 C, 75 % rel. humidity)* Water in %* (Karl Fischer) Nitrogen in %* (Kjeldahl) Ash content in % (800 C, 6 h)* Heavy metals in ppm (as Pb)* Soluble matter in water in %* Residual monomer content Vinylpyrrolidone in ppm (GC, N-detector)* Divinylimidazolidinone in ppm (GC, N-detector)* VP homopolymer powder n.a. due to insolubility 2 94 58 30

6.0 11.0 12.8 0.5 50 2.0

25 5

LUVICROSS Adsorption mechanisms and adsorbed compounds Adsorption mechanisms Hydrogen bonding Dipolar interactions Adsorbed compounds Phenolic substances Anionic dyes H2O2 Iodine Mycotoxins
*all data in this publication are approx. values. It does not necessarily form part of the product specification. A detailed product specification is available from our local BASF representative

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3.2

Typical product properties

LUVICROSS A series of compounds are adsorbed in acid aqueous media or solvent mixtures by the formation of hydrogen bonds or as a result of dipolar interactions. These include for example phenolic substances, synthetic or natural anionic dyes of the most varied categories, such as anionically modified azo dyes, azomethine dyes and triphenylmethane dyes (Figure 5). Furthermore, mycotoxins, such as the aflatoxins B1 and G1, zearalenone (Figure 6) or patulin are adsorbed to the polymer. The hydrogen bonding can be completely reversed by increasing pH. In addition, PVPP can form complexes with iodine or hydrogen peroxide in powder form or from solutions. Unlike non-crosslinked, chainlike PVP, PVPP is insoluble in both organic and inorganic solvents. For this reason, no molecular weight can be determined for PVPP. The chemical and physical crosslinking of the polymer renders LUVICROSS resistant to extreme pH-values and elevated temperatures. For guidance, 95% of the particles of the standard form of LUVICROSS are smaller than 300 m The determination was carried out by means of laser diffraction on the powder.

LUVICROSS: Interaction
HO -O S 3 N=N H 3C O + -M O O O O O O
Figure 6: Luvicross : Interaction with zearalenone

Figure 5: Luvicross : Interaction with an anionic dyes

Addresses
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Phone: + 49 621- 60 97 999 Fax: + 49 621- 60 92 203 luvitec@basf.com www.luvitec.com

The data contained in this publication are based on our current knowledge and experience. They do not constitute the agreed contractual quality of the product and, in view of the many factors that may affect processing and application of our products, do not relieve processors from carrying out their own investigations and tests. The agreed contractual quality of the product at the time of transfer of risk is based solely on the data in the specification data sheet. Any descriptions, drawings, photographs, data, proportions, weights, etc. given in this publication may change without prior information. It is the responsibility of the recipient of our product to ensure that any proprietary rights and existing laws and legislation are observed (4/2009).

EDKV 0900e = registered trademark of BASF SE

Europe BASF SE Operating Division Dispersions and Pigments Global Business Management PVP Technical Applications 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany