A LED Control System with Brightness and Color Temperature Adjustable

Qi Chunhui
Engineering Research Center of Solid-State Lighting School of Information and Communication Engineering Tianjin Polytechnic University Tianjin, China chun.hui97@sohu.com
Abstract - A LED control system is presented. The brightness and color temperature of the lamp are adjustable. The system composition and design of hardware and software are given. The infrared signal is sent by an infrared remote controller. A STC-MCU is used to process the infrared information and generate PWM signals which can adjust the brightness of the white LED and yellow LED respectively. It proves that the system is convenient, reliable and practical, and suitable for indoor illumination. Keywords- LED; Dimming; Color temperature; Infrared Remote Control; PWM
Fig.1 Schematic diagram of the LED system

Wang Wei
Engineering Research Center of Solid-State Lighting School of Information and Communication Engineering Tianjin Polytechnic University Tianjin, China

control the brightness of the white LED and yellow LED respectively through the driver module.

I.

INTRODUCTION B. Functions In this system the brightness and color temperature adjustment is realized by controlling the white LED and yellow LED respectively. Five kinds of brightness and four kinds of color temperature are set. People may use a remote controller to turn on or off the LED lamp, and adjust the brightness under the condition of invariable color temperature or opposite. III. HARDWARE DESIGN OF THE SYSTEM

Infrared remote controller which use infrared ray as medium to transmit the remote control information, can control various equipments in the distance. It is an electricity-light-electricity control mode [1]. Infrared remote control is a wireless, non-contact control technology, and it is widely used by many electronic devices especially household appliances because of its anti-jamming capability, reliability of information transmission, low power consumption and low cost. Traditional fluorescent lamps controlled by a mechanical switch mounted on the wall are inconvenient to use and can not adjust the brightness and color temperature [2]. Infrared remote control used for illumination, not only solve the problem of finding the switch on the wall in the darkness, but also get rid of the trouble of stationary switch position when you rearrange your room. This system uses infrared remote control design approach and combined with LED, is convenient and energy-saving, and can adjust the brightness and color temperature within a certain range. II. SYSTEM DESIGN

A. Overall Design This system mainly includes four parts: transmitter; receiving and control module; LED driver module and LED lamp. Fig.1 is the functional block diagram of the LED system. The infrared signal sent by the transmitter is received, amplified, detected and reshaped by the miniaturized receiver, until detached from the carrier. The signal from the miniaturized receiver will be transmitted to the MCU, which decodes and generates PWM signals that

A. Transmitter The function of the transmitter is to code and sent the infrared control signal, which contains identification of keys, instruction encoding, modulation of the signal and infrared emission. This system selects PT2248 as the transmitter chips. The PT2248 can be used for 18 channels coding of infrared remote control system, and only need 36 external buttons, infrared light emitting diodes and its driving circuit. The schematic diagram is shown in Fig.2. The PT2248 has integrated 38 kHz infrared carrier oscillation and corresponding digital pulse code modulation circuit. It adopts pulse phase modulation (PPM), and encodes the remote commands to pulse sequences, then modulates with frequency signal, finally sends out in the form of infrared radiation. The remote commands has the following characteristics: the PWM pulse width last for 0.421ms, interval 1.263ms, as a period of 1.684ms representing the binary "0"; the PWM pulse width last for 1.263ms, interval 0.421 ms, as a period of 1.684ms representing the binary "1" [3]. As shown in Fig.3 is the waveform of the signal sent by the transmitter.

978-1-4577-0860-2/11/$26.00 2011 IEEE

Fig.5 The signal waveform the miniaturized receiver outputs

Fig.2 The schematic diagram of the transmitter

Fig.3 The waveform of the signal

B. Receiving and Control Module This part contains the miniaturized receiver and STCMCU. The schematic diagram is shown in Fig.4. 1) The Miniaturized Receiver At present, the modulated signal of infrared remote control is usually demodulated by the miniaturized receiver, which has infrared photodiode (infrared receiver sensor), low-noise preamplifier, limiter, band-pass filter, demodulator, and the plastic driver circuit integrated together. The miniaturized receiver is small (similar to encapsulate transistor), strong anti-jamming capability, and convenient to use. The type of the miniaturized receiver is various, such as SFH506-, FMS5, TK16, TSOP12/48/62 ( represents the carrier frequency it applies to), HS0038, etc. This system uses HS0038 that responses the wavelength of 0.94m. The HS0038 can receive the infrared remote signal with carrier frequency of 38 kHz, and the signal it outputs processed by the MCU directly [4]. The miniaturized receiver not only amplifies, limits, and detects the signal it receives, but also reshapes and inverses the signal it outputs. Therefore, as is shown in the fig.5, pulse signal is what we need to identify by the MCU.

2) STC-MCU STC12C5202PWM series MCU is a single-crystal clock/machine cycle (l T) MCU produced by HongJing technology corporation. It is a new generation of 8051MCU which has the feature of high speed, low power and powerful anti-jamming. Its instruction code is fully compatible with the traditional 8051, but 8-12 times faster. The MCU has 2 channels PWM output, and a MAx810 special reset circuit is integrated internal. The reason for selecting this MCU is that it has the PWM interface and the PWM signal it produces can be directly connected with the driver chip. It makes the external circuit greatly simplified and this system cost greatly reduced. The MCU is the core of this control system. Its main work is to decode signal from the miniaturized receiver, and then judge which key was pressed, finally generate PWM signal of corresponding duty cycle to adjust the lightness of the LED. 3) PWM Dimming Principle PWM dimming technology is based on Talbot's law. Its core idea is using pulse-width to modulate signal amplitude, and utilizing the pulse serial with the same amplitude but different width to equalize the signal. PWM dimming technology bases on the identity that human eyes are not sensitive enough to the twinkle of the lightness. PWM dimming can do brightness adjustment by turning on and off LED lamp to change the forward current conduction time, this technology can both reduce the brightness and accurately reproduce the true color. Although the switching action may cause flashing lights, human eyes may not detect as long as the frequency is above 100Hz [5]. C. LED Driver Because of PWM dimming being adopted, in order to reduce unnecessary external circuit, the selected drive chip can input the PWM square wave directly from the DIM pin. LM3407 is a type of pulse-width modulated floatingtype step-down converter which integrated N-channel power MOSFET, it is designed to provide precise constant current output to drive high-power light emitting diode (LED). One notable feature of LM3407 is pulse-level modulation (PLM) control scheme. In this scheme, when an external current setting thick film resistor with 1% precision is been used, it can ensure the precision of constant current output is better than 10% within the range of entire input voltage and working temperature. Another feature of the converter is that it has a DIM pin which can receive a standard logic pulse and adjust the brightness of the LED array, so that the LM3407 is an ideal device of

Fig.4 The schematic diagram of the receiving and control module

precision power LED drive or constant current source. The schematic diagram of LED driver is shown in Fig.6.

Fig.6 The schematic diagram of LED driver D. Lamp Board Aluminum substrate is used as the material of the lamp board; it can protect the LED chips because of its high heat conductivity. The SMD (Surface Mounted Devices) LED chips are used, and their model number is 5050. The number of white LED chips is 32 and yellow is 16. The layout of white and yellow LED chips is shown in Fig.7. The middle two lines of the board are yellow LED chips and the others are white.

Fig.8 The systems overall flow chart

V. CONCLUSIONS A LED control system is designed and produced; it has achieved the expected results and has many advantages. Firstly, LED chips are used as light source of the lamp; LED is known as the "green light source", and lighting conversion rate can reach 90%, so the system is energysaving, easy to control and environment-friendly. Secondly, People can turn on or turn off the LED lamp through the remote controller, and adjust five kinds of brightness and four kinds of color temperature. The actual picture is shown in Fig.9. To sum up, the system can not only well improve lighting efficiency and save energy, and make our life more colorful.

Fig.7 The picture of the lamp board IV. SOFTWARE DESIGN OF THE SYSTEM

The design of software needs to solve the following several main problems: How to receive infrared remote signal; How to identify infrared remote signal; Design of decoding process, etc [6]. This program is based on the concept of modular design. The main program is the core and two functional modules subroutines are set, that is receiving subroutine and PWM subroutine. During the running process the main program calls the functional module subprograms, thus some of the function can be achieved in the subroutines so that the design structures can be simplified. Fig.8 shows the systems overall flow chart.

Fig.9 The actual picture of the system

ACKNOWLEDGMENT This paper is supported by Tianjin technology

innovation fund for high-tech small and medium enterprises (09ZXCXGX241000). REFERENCES
[1] Ding Ying, Xiao Gongbao, Yang Renshun, Zhang Cunku. The Application of Infrared-Telecontrolling Technique in the Industrial Television [J]. Automation and Instrument. 1997, 12(2). Zhuang Jinxun. The application of the color temperature of luminaries in the lighting design [J]. Light & Lighting.2007, 31 (3) DING Yuehua; CHEN Yanfeng; LONG Zheng. Design of Infrared Remote Controlled System [J]. Modern Electronics Technique, 2007, (7). Chen Yanghai. Infrared remote working principle and common signal transmission protocols [J]. Practical Electronics. 2007, (11) B. Simpson, et al, Title of paper goes here if known, unpublished. CHENG An-ning; WANG Jin; SHANG Xiang-rong. Analysis of PWM driver mode for white LED [J]. Electronic Design Engineering. 2010, 18 (2). ZHU Guang-zhong; LU Mei-lei; YANG Zi-ming. Infrared remote control switch controller based on single-chip [J]. Computer Engineering and Design. 2006, 27 (11).

[2] [3]

[4]

[5]

[6]