MM Aqua

(An ISO Certified Company)

BIOdek

The Background
For over fifty years fixed reactors, more commonly known as trickling filters, have been widely recognised the world over as a reliable method for the biological oxidation of organic wastes. Biological growth on the media surface of trickling filters converts dissolved organic waste material into byproducts like carbon dioxide, nitrates, nitrites, water and biological solids which are later removed by clarification. Older effluent treatment plants mainly used rock as the surface to induce such biological attached growth, but this system came with its disadvantages like heavy weight, elaborate supportings and civil structure, poor wetting characteristics etc. To increase the efficiency of this process, while . retaining the inherent advantages of attached growth system, various technical improvements such as solids contact, rotary distributor speed control, ventilation and the utilisation of plastic media have been made. Performance evaluation at treatment facilities show that at today's high cost of energy, the highly efficient plastic media trickling filter is the most viable solution to a multitude of wastewater problems. Many of the serval thousands municipal rock tricking filter plants in use today can greatly benefit by substituting plastic media. Alternatively, these plants could add modern trickling filters containing plastic media, in series or in parallel, to existing systems. Compared with other wastewater treatment processes, the advantages of the trickling filter, utilising hi,ghefficiency plastic media, are numerous:

Low Initial Capital costs

Needs only half the land area of activated sludge basins and only quarter the land area of an oxidation ditch. Uses inexpensive, self supporting, light weight modules that are easy to support, contain and install for construction. Eliminates purchase of expensive, heavy duty aeration pumps. Replacement costs are nil since plastic media lasts at least 20 years .

Low Operating costs

Operating and maintenance costs are 35-40% lower than activated sludge systems. Operational procedures are simple, requiring minimum basic skills. Maintenance problems are practically non-existent. Sludge generation, treatment and handing costs are considerably less than activated sludge systems.

Requires a much smaller secondary setting tank due to higher setting rate of the sludge produced. This is also due to reduced sludge bulking problems .

Low Energy Costs/consumption

Overall energy requirements are a quarter of conventional ASP and a sixth of Extended Aeration plants. The Rotary distributor is self-propelled, or if motor driven, requires only 1/4 HP/unit.

Reliable performance
Consistent BOD reduction as well as nitrification, both in summer and winter operations .

..

High resistance to hydraulic and organic shock loads

low energy

Thus low costs, low land requirements,

requirements and simple, dependable operations make plastic media trickling filters the most cost-effective method for biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) reduction nitrification, denitrification, odour scrubbing and anaerobic treatment. In fact, it was the recognition of the efficacy of plastic media that shot trickling filters back to the limelight as the simplest and most cost-effective method of effluent notwithstanding. treatment, the application i

In the clutter or various synthetic media that have been developed for trickling filters, one unique PVC structured media has stood out in its ability to provide trickling filters with cost effective, dependable and controlled performances, This is SIOdek a modular, cross-fluted PVC structured media that has been developed by MM Aqua Technologies Ltd with technical assistance from Munters Euroform, Germany.

Performance Advantages
Sladek's crossflow design offers performance advantages not found in other synthetic media: Its life span is 20 years and the media is UV stabilised. Sladek has proven highly efficient even at depths below 1.8 meters. Sladek is often used as a direct replacement for rock media for increasing both the degree of treatment and capacity of existing trickling filters. Sladek's uniform and continuous crossflow provides superior air and water distribution

throughout the media, eliminating the need for forced air ventilation even in large diameter trickling filters. . It has a large specific surface area, up to 240 square meters per cubic meters of media. It has a very large voidage - more than 97% . Sladek greatly increases the contact time of the wastewater within the media, resulting in high efficiency with minimum recirculation. It has a low, dry weight of 30 kg per cubic meter. leading to a simple and therefore cheaper supporting structure. The distribution pattern (600 cross fluted) provides utilisation of the complete surface area. Large depths, 6 metes or above, even without intermediate supports, allow considerable saving of land and also increased retention time. This, combined with efficient geometry, can offer a very compact plant. .. Due to the cross flow configuration, the liquid has about 4 times higher retention time . It has a very low resistance to air flow, leading to maximum contg.ct of air, wastewater and biomass. Low resistance to air flow and the mixing caused at the cross over points in the fill lead to optimum aeration. Excellent wetting and thinner biological growths lead to zero fly nuisance. Due to continuous redistribution of water flow the media has a very high resistance to plugging. Setting effluent Total Suspended Solids (TSS) is much lower. No elaborate peripheral walls are required because modules are self supporting. Only cladding suffices. Shallow media depths and minimum recirculation rates reduce pumping costs and make Sladek the most cost-effective media available. Sladek has proven effective in removing SOD at hydraulic wetting rates below 0.6
over7m3/m2/hr.
m3/m2/hr

to

Features
Aeration by natural draught
Apart from increasing organic and hydraulic loading rates. the use of BIOdek increases the BOD removal levels to over 90% BIOdek models such as FB 10.19 and FB 10.27 offer very low resistance to air and provide maximum contact of air, wastewater and bio-mass. BIOdek also provides thousands of crossover points per cubic meter, thus leading to a very good aeration by natural draught or ventilation. The air requirement is met by ventilation openings in the wall at the bottom of the biofilter, which are 4-6% of the cross sectional area of the biofilter. Thus, a daily air volume of more than 100 cubic meters of fill circulates to provide the necessary oxygen to the micro-organisms.

Simple Support System

Structurally, BIOdek modules are practically self supporting, requiring supports at only 2 points due .. to its light weight. Such simple supports, widely spaced, maximise the flow of air and water through the media and the plenum area, with least obstruction. Longer Retention time The 60 cross flow characteristics provide about 3 to 4 times more retention time than other media, since no free fall of liquid can take place inside the media. Due to this configuration, the wastewater is distributed over the entire surface inside the media, resulting in a thin, liquid film. This leads to sufficient time being available for the biological process and high reduction of BOD. Low construction costs

BIOdek is self supporting, strong and can be cut to fit into any regular shaped bio-tower, With no lateral thrust or pressure on the peripheral walls, these walls can be simple, lightweight and cheap. The exterior cladding is usually from easily available AC or plastic sheets. Distribution system The system of interconnected channels in the cross-fluted BIOdk media makes it possible to use either a rotary distributor or a fixed nozzle system to achieve the desired irrigation. The fixed nozzle system can be adapted to any regular shaped media plan including the circular trickling filters and is ideally suited for the square or rectangular tanks. The efficiency is independent of the distribution system at the tip, since the internal redistribution system in the modules starts to operate immediately on the wastewater hitting the top layer. In over 6000 mixing points per cubic meter, the liquid film is broken up and remixed. This turbulence is of vital importance for efficient transfer of oxygen and the dissolved organic matter between the liquid and the bio-mass.

Winter time operation and ice formation

Fixed film or attached growth processes are more stable in winter. Apart from this, the high void ratio and unique geometry of a media such as FB 10 are key factors in increasing efficiency and minimising ice formations. Rock and other types of plastic media present large, horizontal surfaces where the falling liquid can splash back from ice coatings on adjacent surfaces. FB 10 provides an edge effect, cutting through the liquid, thus eliminating the splash condition. It is on record that even in sub-zero cold spells, no ice formation on the trickling filter surface is observed, even when the adjoining walls and areas are under a blanket of show.

Applications
BIOdek biological treatment media has numerous applications in wastewater treatment. The shape . of the media has a significant influence on application and must be considered along with specific surface area and void ratio. Applications include upgrading existing rock filters, BOD/COD reduction, complete secondary treatment, tricking filter/solids contact, roughing of pre-treatments, nitrification, denitrification, odour scrubbers and anaerobic treatment.

Upgrading existing rock trickling filters

BIOdek, with its unique design, is ideal as a direct replacement for rock media in existing trickling filters. It can then increase the BOD5 removal levels in existing trickling filters to over 90% as well as increase the hydraulic and organic capacities. BIOdek can be placed directly on the salvaged clay tile (Fig.1.1). Modification to the existing trickling filter structure is not necessary. BIOdek's crosso corrugated pattern provides continuous and uniform horizontal redistribution of air and water with no channelization or short circuiting. The result is maximum utilisation of media surface and increased retention time of the wastewater in the media, especially at low hydraulic loadings. BIOdek is capable of providing a high degree hydraulic of biological loadings treatment below at media depths below 1.8 meters and 0.55
m3/m2/hr. The graph (Fig. 1.2) shows
EXISTIING CLAY TILE PLACED ON 5 em CENTER TO CENTER

the improvement

in BOD5 effluent

quality that BIOdek effects, when directly replacing rock media.

Fig 1.1

Retrofitting existing rock trickling filters with Sladek media also induce: Increased Capacity (upto 400%)

150

125

TRICKLING

FilTER

INFLUENT

100

Elimination of ponding, plugging and associated odours Lower tower height Reduced pumping head Non-settleability of media Self supporting (no lateral load)

~ '"
E

75

Comparison of trickling filter

BODs

effluent between

rock and SIOek {1.8 m depth} at The Thomas B.Smlth, W.W.T.F.

TRICKLING FILTER EFFLUENT

(FilTERED

SAMPLE)

thru

Dee

1982 Fig 1.2

No special walkways required for personnel

BOD Reduction in Trickling Filters

PVC film type, cross-fluted fill media is best suited for biotower application. It provides high surface area along with the right environment for the growth of micro-organisms, thereby enabling the system to take high organic as well as hydraulic loadings. For industrial liquid waste treatment applications Sladek design parameters reject the traditional mathematical model approach to the design of a trickling filter for SOD reduction and base themselves instead on simulated pilot installations, with waste and operational conditions identical to the full scale installations. A pH value between 6 and 8.5 and a nutrient balance of 100:5:1 between BOD, nitrogen (freely available ammonia nitrogen) and phosphorous is n,ormally recommended. The Sladek model best suited for biotower applications is FS 10, because of its 95-97% voidage. Moreover, its low dry weight and self supporting nature, further simplifies the reactor design, leading to lower capital and operating costs of the biotower. Here are some specific advantages of Sladek fill media in biotowers: Cross-fluted, corrugated fill
Biological

0 00000

G
~JI) , rr

Anaerobic}

1 n

Aerobic growth Waste Wat er Oxygen Organic Matters Contaminants Carbon dioxide Biodegraded pollutants

media provides large specific surface areas of 100 to 150

m2jm3

enabling higher loading

Air

rates. This helps in reducing the size of the reactor.

V
Air
Fixed Film Processing

Large voidage prevents plugging or choking, thereby better oxygen transfer throughout the media. This keeps the ~ system~ aerobic and free from foul smells or files.

100
"-

"

ensuing

-l
;g;

t'-...
80

90

accomplish a provide the available to the has been reduced to an exact given task. engineer with a engineer are generally removal Neither reasonable BOD measurement nor BOD judicious ofsafeguards of filter required will sufficient The the size formulas case. With science. the "average" and graphs this curve estimate for various to

----

I.-

~ w
0::

O~ o 70

The 60 cross-flted distribution pattern of continuous BIOdek ensures distribution and

CO

f-

w o 0::
~

Z 60

redistributions of the wastewater. This helps of the wastewater to

..

50 40 o

constantly mix with air and also helps in the utilization of the entire available surface area. The cross-fluted nature of BIOdek helps in the right amount of sloughing of biological growth from time to time. The hydraulic loading across the top of the fixed film reactor for domestic waste can range between is 0.55 to 6.95 required loading
m3/m2/hr.

Kgs BOD, applied per Cu. M of BIOdek FB10.27 per day

Fig 1.3

COMPLETE

SECONDARY

TREATMENT

Recirculation minimum

only

when be

hydraulic

must

maintained. A performance curve for BOD5 reduction at various loadings for municipal wastewater is shown in Fig 1.3.
Fig 1.4

Complete Secondary Treatment

BIOdek used in conjunction with primary and secondary clarification can reduce BOD5 and suspended solids to above 90% See Fig.1.4.

Trickling Filters/Solids Contact (TF/SC)

The TF/SC process utilises the trickling filter followed by short term aeration (Fig. 1.5). The recirculation of sludge to the aerated contact basin enhances the agglomeration of fine particles and- improves settling
Fig 1.5
WASTE SLUDGE CIRCULATED SLUDGE

characteristics. The aerated contact basin combined with a center-well final clarifier can readily achieve a 95+% reduction in BODs and total suspended solids
BIOdek PLUS ACTIVATED SLUDGE BOD-S SS-S NH,N-O.S

Roughing of pre-treatments
BIOdek may also be effectively used for pretreating difficult wastes or reducing the organic load on subsequent biological

AERATION BASIN

Fig 1.6

treatment steps. See Fig. 1.6.

NITRIFICATION

Nitrification
..

BOD < 15 SS < 15 NH,N < 1

In the nitrification

process

(Fig. 1.7), a

BIOdek biological fixed film reactor provides an effective means of oxidising ammonia nitrogen to nitrite nitrogen of secondary treated wastewater.
Fig 1.7

A fixed film nitrification reactor requires less mechanical equipment, less operating power and less attention than any other method of nitrification. The BIOdek nitrification fixed film reactor, when preceded by clarified
J:a. ~ c Ii5

~ a N w. '" Z +. '" c 0 z C> X

"

9.3 3.1 12.4 15.6 6.2 18.7

\.

\ ,

MODERATE

\\

TEMPERATURE

LOW TEMPERATURE

secondary effluent with the BODs below 35 mg/I, will continue to reduce suspended solids and BODsto a level below 20 mg/1. A performance curve for nitrification using
Fig 1.8 1.0 2.0
EFFLUENT

3.0

4.0

5.0
(mgfL)

6.0

AMMONIA-N

BIOdek FB 10.19 is shown in Fig. 1.8.

Den itrification
Nitrate (N03
-

N) levels upto 30 mg/I can be

reduced by over 90% by using BIOdek biological treatment media in a submerged upflow mode (Fig. 1.9). Media depths usually range between 1.8 to 3.7 meters with upflow rates between 2.3 to 3.6 m3/m2/hr (Fig. 1.10).
Fig 1.9

Odour Scrubbing
Objectionable odours in the form of generated from wastewater
H2S

NITRATE REDUCTION IN A SUBMERGED UP-FLOW BIO-FILTER

treatment
HYDRAULIC FLOW

facilities, can be effectively oxidised with a BIOdek fixed film reactor (Fig. 1.11). The contaminated air is biologically

3.0 m3fm2fhr

o 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5

DEPTH OF COLUMN (METERS)

oxidised by the bio-mass sustained on the BIOdek by primary or secondary treated wastewater. This oxidation occurs as the secondary treatment wastewater is
TOWER FOR ODOUR OXIDATION

Fig 1.10

applied across the top of the BIOdek, counter to the upward flow of the air being treated. In this manner, (Fig.1.12). Biological compounds requirement chemical oxidation for of odoriferous by the and regeneration, control
H2S

APPLIED

HYDRAULICS

-.

removals to
BIOdek FOUL AIR FROM FILTER, BUILDING OR OTHER SOURCES.

. below 2 ppm can readily be accomplished

-+

is unencountered media feed storage,

Fig 1.11

disposal, traditionally required by other methods of odour control.

H,S REMOVAL THROUGH A FIXED FILM ODOUR CONTROL REACTOR

Anaerobic Treatment
BIOdek fixed film biological reactors are an ideal method for anaerobic treatment of strong industrial wastes, leachates and a wide variety of high strength wastes (Fig. 1.13).
2 4 6 8 10 12 2
TIME

1012

24 HOUR

PERIOD

Fig 1.12

The BIOdek model, FB33.27, FB33.01, FB53.27

&

FB53.01 are specially designed for anaerobic fixed film reactors. BIOdek with its unique horizontal redistribution and high surface area, provides uniform mixing and full utilisation of the media surfaces when submerged and operating in either the upflow or

ANAEROBIC REACTOR SCHEMATIC

downflow alternate cross-fluted

mode. Its vertical and design

GAS GAS

eliminates the choking of media and offers only a minimal resistance to flow. It also helps in handling higher solid concentration in the wastewater since the viodage is 95-97%. The SIOdek anaerobic fixed film reactors provide an effective way to treat high strength waste while generating surplus energy in the from of methane gas.

ADJUSTABLE WIER

SIOdek

RECYCLE BLOW DOWN CONTROL VALVE

ALKALINITY TREATED EFFLUENT WASTE WATER INLET FEED

.&;

RECYCLE PUMP

FigU3

SAFF Reactors
SAFF or submerged aerobic fixed film. reactors incorporate the advantages of fixed film technologies and combine with them the fine bubble diffused aeration techniques, to get a highly efficient biological treatment unit. It has as its mian components, the BIVdek media and fine bubble diffused aeration grid. With the higher surface area of BIOdek, higher organic rates are enabled, thus reducing the overall size required of the aeration tank. This leads to a considerable reduction in civil costs. The system configuration enables better oxygen transfer efficiency with plug flow conditions. Submerged fixed film growth in SAFF reactors sustains good microbial growth even in adverse conditions and also handles shock loads very well. Sludge production is low, no sludge recirculation is required and mean cell residence time is enhanced. Air requirement is based only on the organic load and mixing requirements are not called for, as this system is primarily an attached growth system. This makes it suitable for indoor applications basement installations. or I
INLET PIPE ~ INLET LAUNDE

-----'TT----SIOdek MEDIA

BLOWER

AIR DIFFUSERS OUTLET PIPE

GENERAL

SKETCH

FOR SAFF REACTOR

Media Configuration
BIOdek fixed film biological treatment media is a self supporting crossflow synthetic media. It is fabricated from completely corrugated, rigid PVC sheets and forms a cross-corrugated with each adjacent sheet. Unlike conventional pattern modular sheet media, no flat sheets are used in

the fabrication of the module. Each sheet is corrugated at a 60 angle and assembled in a crosscorrugated pattern with adjacent sheets. This configuration provides continuous and uniform horizontal redistribution of both air and water throughout the full depth of the media. (Fig 2.1). The result is greatly increased contact time between the wastewater and the media bio. film (Fig 2.2) as well as increased liquid film diffusion. The media is resistant to rot, fungi, bacterial growth and other forms of micro-organisms and is chemically resistant to normal concentrations
Fig 2.1

of sewage acids, alkalis, organic solvents,

organic compounds and other water soluble substances occurring in municipal and industrial wastewaters. The system of interconnected channels in the cross fluted FB 10 media makes it possible to use either a rotary distributor or fixed nozzle, system to achieve the desired irrigation. To ensure adequate contact time and liquid film diffusion, BIOdek is capable of redistributing the wastewater horizontally over a minimum of 30 cm per 30 cm of media depth. BIOdek provides a minimum of 6000 mixing or horizontal redistribution meter of media. points per cubic
~ ~ COMPARISON OF RETENTION TIME BETWEEN BIOdek ~D VERTICAL MODULAR PLASTIC SHEET MEDIA AT A DEPTH OF 3 METERS 15
14

13
12 11

10

BIOdek is designed with a surface area of 102-240 square meters per cubic meter of. media with a minimum of 95% void to volume ratio. The BIOdek media modules are selected for each installation bases on load test data obtained in compression tests. This ensures adequate bearing capacity for each to specified loading requirement. fatigue The PVC under compound is UV resistant and specially formulated resist long-term cracking continuous loading.

z
~
w
>=

9 8 6 5 4

:ij
:;;

z o z
>=

I~

1.1

2.3

3.3

4.0

5.5 6.6

MMA TL's plastic fill media for effluent treatment

HYDRAULIC LOADING m'(m'(hr

Fig 2.2

-Nitrification SAFF600mm Trickling Anaerobic 600mm 600mm w III 140w-93PVCin BOD/CODand in Tricklin9 600mm h 600mm h wTrickling Filters, 105 kg/m3high (31.1) FB33.27 FB10.19 100mmAnaerobic Digesters, 100mm 100mm PVC (47.9)SAFF Trickling PVC 30 BOD/COD - SIOdek w -h I35 kg/m3 kg/m3 Digestersin -1200mmModel 600mmsystems, inReactors in 1200mmh - >97--kg/m3 Filters, reduction reduction, 600mm 100mm w FB53.01 Filters, >97 FB10.12 102 rate FB33.01 >97 PVC Nitrification, water(74.1) reduction 157 Filters/Biotowers 243 ->97 50 h FB10.27 30 30kg/m3 40 BOD/COD concentration degassification, oxygen FilterslDigesters Scrubbers Dry Weight I - 1200mm

1
.

processes, Bladek comes in 6 models:#FB1 0.12, # FB10.19, #FB 10.27, #FB 33.27, #FB 33.01 and #FB 53.01. To optimize the effectiveness of various applications of the trickling filter process, each media has been designed with unique product characteristics that meet specific performance requirements. Installations of Sladek havec:to-date tolled to nearly 50,000 cubic meters. There are over 250 installations all over the world currently in successful operation. These range from small units of few hundred cubic meters to several hundred thousands cubic meters of media. MMA TL has developed vertical Bladek FB33 and FB53 Anti-Fouling PVC Fill Media to minimize clogging for attached growth biological treatment specially in anaerobic systems. FB33 or FB53 sheets can be used alternatively with the well known cross-fluted FB 10.27 sheets to from FB33.27(VX) or FB53.27(VX) and also with plain sheets to from FB33.01 (VP) or FB53.01 (VP).

Installation
The recommended Bladek support system consists of steel "I" section beams or concrete beams installed parallel at 600mm or 900mm centers. Each full module on the bottom layer is centered across with the longer sides at right angles to support the beams. The bio-oxidation tower walls are not subject to any lateral loads and need only be designed for wind loads. A cladding with plastic/FRP/AC sheets would normally suffice.

-Nitrification SAFF600mm 600mm Trickling Trickiing 600mm h III I>97-- 93PVCin Digestersin BOD/COD reduction, wTrickling 100mm 100mm 100mm -1200mmModel 600mmsystems, inReactors in FB53.01 102 rate >97 FB10.12 Filters, FB33.27 FB33.01 PVCkg/m'high (31.1) >97 600mm h 600mm h 105 kg/m' Fiiters, Digesters, 600mm Filters, w 100mm Anaerobic Trickling 100mm -SIOdek w -h 140w-(47.9)SAFF reduction 1200mmw - 35 kg/m' kg/m' BOD/CODand FB10.19 Anaerobic PVC 30 PVC water(74.1) reduction Nitrification, 157 h FB10.27 243 Filters/Biotowers concentration degassification, 50 BOD/COD 30kg/m' 40 30 ->97 oxygen Filters/Digesters Scrubbers
Dry Weight

I - 1200mm

..

processes, Bladek comes in 6 models:#FB1 0, 12, # FB1 0.19, #FB 10.27, #FB 33.27, #FB 33.01 and #FB 53.01. To optimize the effectiveness of various applications of the trickling filter process, each media has been designed with unique product characteristics that meet specific performance requirements. Installations of Bladek

have to-date tolled to nearly 50,000 cubic meters. There are over 250

installations all over the world currently in successful operation. These range from small units of few hundred cubic meters to several hundred thousands cubic meters of media. MMA TL has developed vertical Bladek FB33 and FB53 Anti-Fouling PVC Fill Media to minimize

clogging for attached growth biological treatment specially in anaerobic systems. FB33 or FB53 sheets can be used alternatively FB33.27(VX) or FB53.27(VX) with the well known cross-fluted FB 10.27 sheets to from

and also with plain sheets to from FB33.01 (VP) or FB53.01 (VP).

Installation
The recommended Bladek support system consists of steel "I" section beams or concrete beams installed parallel at 600mm or 900mm centers. Each full module on the bottom layer is centered across with the longer sides at right angles to support the beams. The bio-oxidation tower walls are not subject to any lateral loads and need only be designed for wind loads. A cladding with plastic/FRP/AC sheets would normally suffice.

The support

system

is designed

for a

maximum of about 400 kg per square meter per meter of media depth. One of the most effective structures consists high-strength, corrugated fibreglass sheets reinforced with lightweight metal framing. Both rectangular and circular biotowers (Figs. 3.1 & 3.2) can be utilised employing either fixed nozzles or rotary distributors, depending on the tower configuration.
Fig 3.1

The inlet area at the base of the biotower should be 2-4% of the structure-plan area . . Below the support beams, the base slab, with approximately 4% slope, collects the treated liquid into a central or peripheral channel. At media depths below 3.6 meters. air circulation to the top of the media is adequate and openings at the base of the tower are not required. BIOdek is installed so that the sheets of all modules in a given layer are parallel to each other. Modules in each layer are installed at rfght angles to the layers immediately above and below to enhance the horizontal redistributions of the wastewater and air as well as maximise the self-supporting feature of the media (Fig. 3.3) Special care of the media should be taken during installation to protect the module from damage. Where necessary, cutting and
- -' , ,Jft

trimming of the modules may be performed

A BIOdek installation

-+11+-5 em MAX

within the fixed film reactor. Adequate protection and precaution should be taken to insure that no damage is done to the placed media and that no debris from the cutting process is allowed to lodge in the placed media. All chips, equipment,

. \t
PRE-CAST CONCRETE OR PRESSURETREATED WOOD BEAM Fig 3.3

cHf::~~

planking, refuse and other material should be removed before new layers of media are added.

MM Aqua Technologies Ltd. provides practical, cost effective and environmentally sound solutions to customer problems for Wastewater Treatment, Gas Cleaning and Cooling Tower applications. Stepped in a tradition of effective environmental technology, MM Aqua initially started off as Munters India in 1989, in technical and financial collaboration with Munters Euroform GmbH, West Germany. Munters Euroform is a wholly owned subsidiary of AB Carl Muntres, Sweden, the Swedish innovating company started by the technical genius, Carl Munters. It was Munters' design which facilitated and optimised the interaction of air and water and today, Munters is acknowledged worldwide as one of the leading companies in the field of environmental technology, manufacturing products that fulfil urgent social and environmental needs. For nearly fifty-three years now, Munters Euroform has been operating successfully in various areas of pollution control, cooling tower components and the air conditioning industry. MM Aqua adopted its current avatar on July 7,1997. The change in name notwithstanding, the long . standing tradition of high technical proficiency and customer satisfaction continues to be in focus.Our principal manufacturing facility is at Gurgaon, Haryana : the MM Aqua factory is an imposing 2700 square meters, state-of-the-art factory on a well landscaped, seven acre stretch of land. product range has widened to include: PVC structured fill media for wastewater treatment plants . PVC tube settlers for solid liquid separation in water and wastewater treatment plants . Nozzles for Bio Towers Nozzles for Cooling Towers PVC splash bar and film fill media for cooling towers for achieving high thermal efficiency PVC Drift Eliminators PVC droplet separator for liquid air separation Stainless steel droplet separators for liquid gas separation for process applications Stepping beyond the accolades received from the domestic market, we have also been exporting our products to Thailand, Singapore, Malaysia, Indonesia, Hongkong, Taiwan, Sri Lanka, Philippines, Vietnam, Japan and have lately added to our list, Australia, Canada, Oman and South Africa.

The specffications proVided

ir1

this cata/ugue are subject te chang@.without prior notice, baSed

..

JAS-ANZ

r---I--I '

MM Aqua Technologies ltd .

Head Office & Works: Tel.: +91-124 Delhi: Kolkata: Mumbai Chennai Behrampur Road, Khandsa, Dist. Gurgaon, Haryana -122 001, INDIA. Fax: +91 - 124 - 221 5135. E-mail: Tel: +91-11-26218376, info@mmaqua.com; 32544197, Website: www.mmaqua.com - 221 5134/5257/5253; K-97A, Ground Floor, Kalkaji, New Delhi-110019, Fax: +91-11-26470389 Fax: +91-33-2478 3649 40/1A Block B, New Alipore, Kolkata -700 053, West Bengal, Tel.: +91-33-24783630/3512, : 437D, 2nd Floor, Vashi Plaza, Sector 17, Vashi, Navi Mumbai-400706, Tel: +91-22-27893042, Fax: +91-22-27890106

IsoQ;~~~~Y .o~.?nchmark 1-

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: Plot No.6, 2nd Floor, New No. 68, Old no. 147, Greams Road, Chennai-600006, 412, Maheshwari Chambers, Somajiguda, Hyderabad-500

Tel.: +91-44-28292658/5572,

Telefax: +91-44-28294738

Hyderabad:

082, Andhra Pradesh, Telefax: +91-40-30602630