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Contents
What is an acid?
Acids are a group of chemicals. What do you know about acids? Are all acids dangerous?
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What is an acid?
Acids are a group of chemicals. Which of these items contains an acid?
everyday acids
laboratory acids
It is safe to handle these acids and even taste them, if they are for eating! These acids are known weak acids.
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These acids are said to be corrosive as they can damage other materials by wearing them away! They are strong acids. Why must strong acids always be handled very carefully?
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What is an alkali?
Alkalis are another group of chemicals, the opposite of acids. Which of these items contains an alkali?
everyday alkalis
laboratory alkalis
It is safe to handle these alkalis, which can feel soapy. These alkalis are known as weak alkalis.
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These alkalis are said to be caustic because they can burn skin and damage other materials! They are strong alkalis. Why must strong alkalis always be handled very carefully?
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toxic
irritant
harmful corrosive
highly flammable
Why is it important that these symbols can be recognised by people from other countries?
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What is an indicator?
How can you test a liquid to find if it is an acid or an alkali?
An indicator is a special chemical that changes to a different colour in an acid or an alkali. Litmus paper and litmus solution are examples of indicators.
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Universal indicator has a range of colours that show how weak or strong the acid or alkali is.
stronger acid
stronger alkali
strong acid
strong alkali
What is the colour for a weak acid? What is the colour for a strong alkali?
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stronger acid
stronger alkali
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strong acid
7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
strong alkali
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soap
washing soda stomach acid oven cleaner vinegar
8
10 2 14 4
1 2 3 4 5 6
acid
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8 9 10 11 12 13 14
alkali
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Contents
?
Mixing an acid and an alkali causes a chemical change.
This chemical change is called a chemical reaction. How do you know this chemical reaction has taken place?
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What is neutralization?
The chemical reaction between an acid and an alkali is called neutralization.
acid
alkali
a salt
water
What happens to the pH value of the reaction mixture during neutralization? The pH value of the reaction mixture becomes closer to 7.
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What is neutralization?
The chemical reaction between an an acid and an alkali can be written as:
acid
alkali
a salt
water
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Neutralizing stings
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Neutralizing soil
Soils in different places can be acidic, alkaline or neutral.
Many plants do not grow well in acidic soil. Why do farmers test soil to check the pH? Farmers often add an alkali to acidic soil to make their plants grow better. How does the alkali help to treat the acidic soil?
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Acid rain can have a harmful effect on the environment killing trees, polluting lakes and damaging buildings.
How can the effects of acid rain be prevented?
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Glossary acid A chemical that has a pH less than 7. alkali A chemical that has a pH greater than 7 and
dissolves in water.
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Anagrams
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Word search
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Multiple-choice quiz
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