TYPES LAYOUT SITE STORAGE

WAREHOUSE TYPES

WAREHOUSE TYPES
Distribution Warehouses

Warehouses performing distribution services on behalf of their customers. This generally requires that products be received and tracked by lot or sub-lot, with or without tracking numbers, such as pallet tags or serial numbers. Shipping is usually by the pallet or bulk unit. Handling and storage charges generally relate to the item with accessorial charges being billed by the transaction. On-going storage charges are generally billed ahead on the first of each month

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Fulfillment/ Consolidation Warehouses

Warehouses where products are generally received in large quantities and shipped out in a large number of smaller mixed shipments. Such pick and pack operations require special inventory management and picking procedures. Location tracking is essential. Billing methods are generally similar to distribution warehouses

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Warehouses Providing Value Added Services

Warehouses providing a wide range of value added services. This requires the warehouse to apply labor and, in some cases, special equipment to the customers products, such as repackaging, further processing, or labeling. This not only changes the product but requires additional billings. Such services are generally performed along with other warehouse functions

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Cross Docking and Trans-loading Warehouses

Warehouses that provide cross dock and trans-loading services. Container or railcar tracking is generally important. These services often require temporary storage with charges adjusted for free days or a grace period

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Break Bulk Warehouses

Warehouses that receive product in bulk, often by railcar, and then repackage the product based on customer requirements. In the case of containers with imported products, this generally requires the inspection and relabeling of product. Generally, special billing rules apply.

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Storage Warehouses

Warehouses which store product for periodic delivery to a manufacturer or distribution center. This is often associated with providing just in time delivery of the product to the consignee. This could be imported raw materials or items used in the manufacturing process, such as cans or sub-assemblies. Items are generally tracked by lot, with the lot often being specified for delivery. Handling, storage and accessorial charges are similar to distribution warehouses.

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Refrigerated Warehouses

Refrigerated warehouses often require more detailed tracking of product and special billing procedures. Handling charges often involve a table of decreasing charges based on volume. Often each transaction is subject to a minimum charge. And, storage charges are generally billed based on anniversary dates

WARE HOUSE LAYOUT AND DESIGN

General layout
Essential elements of a warehouse
An arrival bay A storage bay A departure bay A material handling system An information system

Warehousing layout
receiving Reserve storage Forward (active) store

Pallet storage rack

shipping

WAREHOUSE STORAGE
Pallet racking including selective, drive-in, drive-thru,

double-deep, pushback, and gravity flow Mezzanine including structural, roll formed, racks Vertical Lift Modules Horizontal Carousels Vertical Carousels

Automation and optimization

Some warehouses are completely automated, and require only operators to work and handle all the task. Pallets and product move on a system of automated conveyors, cranes and automated storage and retrieval systems coordinated by programmable logic controllers and computers running logistics automation software. These systems are often installed in refrigerated warehouses where temperatures are kept very cold to keep product from spoiling, especially in electronics warehouse where they require specific temperature to avoid damaging the parts, and also where land is expensive, as automated storage systems can use vertical space efficiently. These high-bay storage areas are often more than 10 meters (33 feet) high, with some over 20 meters (65 feet) high. Automated storage systems can be built up to 40m high.

Automation and optimization continued

For a warehouse to function efficiently, the facility

must be properly slotted. Slotting addresses which storage medium a product is picked from (pallet rack or carton flow), and how they are picked (pick-tolight, pick-to-voice, or pick-to-paper). With a proper slotting plan, a warehouse can improve its inventory rotation requirementssuch as first in, first out (FIFO) and last in, first out (LIFO)control labor costs and increase productivity

Warehouse site selection factors

Labor Transportation/Telecommunications Finance Proximity to major markets Cost of land Availability of land Occupancy or construction costs Raw materials availability Energy availability and costs Environmental regulations Proximity to suppliers Proximity to technical university Quality of life factors Climate Housing availability Housing costs Health facilities Ratings of public schools Cultural opportunities

THANKS.