SOCIALIZATION

socialization
Socialization is a term used by sociologists, social psychologists, anthropologists, politicians and educationalists to refer to the process of inheriting norms, customs and ideologies. It may provide the individual with the skills and habits necessary for participating within their own society; a society itself is formed through a plurality of shared norms, customs, values, traditions, social roles, symbols and languages. Socialization is thus the means by which social and cultural continuity are attained.

 Socialization, however, is not a normative term: it describes a process which may or may not affect the reflexive agent, and which may or may not lead to desirable, or 'moral', outcomes. Many socio-political theories postulate that socialization provides only a partial explanation for human beliefs and behaviors; that agents are not 'blank slates' predetermined by their environment. Scientific research provides strong evidence that people are shaped by both social influences and their hard-wired biological makeup To "socialise" may also mean simply to associate or mingle with people socially.

Types
Primary socialization Primary socialization occurs when a child learns the attitudes, values, and actions appropriate to individuals as members of a particular culture. Secondary Socialization Secondary socialization refers to the process of learning what is appropriate behavior as a member of a smaller group within the larger society. Developmental socialization Developmental socialization is the process of learning behavior in a social institution or developing your social skills. Anticipatory socialization Anticipatory socialization refers to the processes of socialization in which a person "rehearses" for future positions, occupations, and social relationships. Resocialization Resocialization refers to the process of discarding former behavior patterns and accepting new ones as part of a transition in one's life.

Agents/units of socialization institutions

In the social sciences, institutions are the structures and mechanisms of social order and cooperation governing the behavior of a set of individuals within a given human collectivity. Institutions are identified with a social purpose and permanence, transcending individual human lives and intentions, and with the making and enforcing of rules governing cooperative human behavior. Types of institution include: The Family Religion Education Economic systems Legal systems Penal systems Psychiatric hospitals and Asylums Mass media and News media Organizations (See also: interest groups; political parties; Internet groups and Virtual communities) Also (in an extended context): Art and Culture Language

Types of groups
Primary groups are small groups with intimate , kinship-based relationships; families for example. They commonly last for years. They are small and display face-to-face interaction. Secondary groups, in contrast to primary groups, are large groups involving formal and institutional relationships. They may last for years or may disband after short time. The information of primary groups happens with in secondary groups.

Other types of groups

Peer groups a peer is a group with members of approximately the same age, social status and interests. Generally, people are relatively equal in terms of power when they interact with peers. Clique an informal, tight-knit group, often in a high school/college setting, that shares common interests. Most cliques exhibit an establish yet shifting power structure. Club a club is a group, which usually requires one to apply to become a member. Such clubs may dedicated to particular activities: sporting clubs, for example. Household all individuals who lived in the same home. Anglophone culture may include various models of household, including the family, blended families, share housing, and group homes. Community a community is a group of [people with a commonality or sometimes a complex net of overlapping commonalities, often-but not always in proximity with one another with some degree of continuity over time. Franchise an organization which runs several instances of a business in many location. Gang a gang is an urban group that gathers in a particular area. It is a group of many people that often hang around each other. They can be like some clubs, but much less formal. Mob a mob is usually a group of people that has taken the law in their own hands. Mobs are usually group which gather temporarily for a particular reason. Posse a posse was originally found in English common law. It is generally obsolete, and survives only in America, where it is the law enforcement equivalent of summoning the militia for military purposes. However, it also refers to a street group. Squad this is usually a small group, of around 3 to 8 people, who work as a team to accomplish their goals. Team similar to squad, though a team may contain many more members. A team works similar way to squad In group a group which we do belong. Out group A group do we not belong.