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C MATTAKKARA
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE THEORY
i) Implementation of the system
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
The system consists of a portable ECG sensor, router, modem,
hardware and software development The hardware system design is based on front-end data acquisition circuits, digital signal processing and storage, wireless transmission, and power management system Fig. provides a block diagram of the current system structure
There are three different phases to operate our proposed system The first phase, patient's end devices will select the shortest
THEORY
distance in personal operation space and the number of associated device of router to join automatically Second phase, when device has joined a router, a wireless ECG sensor continuously measures the heart records and transfers them directly to associated router over the WI-FI network Third phase, when router receives a data from device, it will send data to the ECG console for physicians in the hospital via the IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi) ECG console receive data from the network and store it to database The physician examines the received data and sends an immediate feedback directly to the patient, thus continuously monitored
Ecg-sensor chip
amplifier AD620 is used to detect the signals induced from the leads 0.5Hz high pass filter was designed and implemented to eliminate baseline wandering and low frequency noises embedded in the ECG signal. A right-leg driver is employed to eliminate power supply noise caused by commercial power sources Lastly, a signal amplification circuit and a 5th order Butterworth low pass switch capacitors filter with cutoff frequency of 100 Hz were applied for detection of final analog ECG signals
LPC2478 LPC2478 microcontroller has 512 kB of on-chip high-speed flash memory It incorporates an LCD controller, a 10/100 Ethernet Media Access Controller (MAC), a USB full-speed Device/Host/OTG Controller with 4 kB of endpoint RAM, four UARTs, two Controller Area Network (CAN) channels, an SPI interface, two Synchronous Serial Ports (SSP), three I2C interfaces, and an I2S interface, ADC etc All of these features make the LPC2478 particularly suitable for industrial control and medical systems The main control module is to accomplish the conversion from analog amplification ECG signal collected by acquisition module to A\D signal, encode the signal and enable LCD to display electrocardiogram, send to the WIFI module through UART port
the IEEE 802.11 standards Wi-Fi works with no physical wired connection between sender and receiver by using radio frequency (RF) technology Lantronix WiPort is selected as the wireless channel to transmit ECG signals to a host device Lantronix WiPort integrates: two serial interfaces, Ethernet connectivity, a RISC microcontroller with a TCP/IP protocol stack and a Real Time Operative System Communication between the microcontroller and the WiPort is made through an UART interface.
LANTRONIX WiPort
Router
Hub
Modem
microcontrollers without Memory Management Unit(MMU),which is free and open source software under GNU Public License Its support to a very large number of existing applications, the provisions for easy system configuration and the low cost The uClinux is much, much smaller than Linux kernel It retains the main advantages of Linux OS: stability, superior network capability and excellent file system support uClinux retains the main advantages of Linux OS: stability, superior network capability and excellent file system support
supports a lot of kernel functions to handles interrupt, timer, task schedule and resources management of hardware ECG data acquisition module invokes A/D conversions Driver module to collect data periodically from the electrodes. After conversing and combining, the normal data are transmitted to transmission module and put into a shared memory If the checking result is an alarm condition, Alarm task will send an alarm message to user The structure of software can be seen in Fig.
using the WI-FI wireless network technology is presented The system is able to transmit ECG signal to monitoring center in the hospital via wirelessly using a WIFI wireless sensor node It is capable of continued ambulatory monitoring of health conditions with no restrictions on patient's movement This proposed system can have great impact on the development of new health care monitoring system for patients and provide better healthcare services To reduce the power consumption of system, a Zigbeecompatible wireless sensor node will be used for wireless transmission of measured ECG data
REFERENCES
T. R. F. Fulford-Jones, G. Wei, and M. Welsh, "A portable, pow
power,wireless two-lead EKG system", 26th Annual International Conference of the IEEE EMBS, September 2004. E. Jovanov, A. O'Donnel Lords, D. Raskovic, P.G. Cox, R. Adhami,and F. Andrasik., "Stress monitoring using distributed wireless intelligent sensor system", IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine,pp. 49-55, May 2003. Jovanovich, E., Milenkovic, A., Otto, C., and de Groen, P.C.,"A wireless body area network of intelligent motion sensors for computer assisted physical rehabilitation", Journal of Neuro Engineering and Rehabilitation, Vol. 2, No. 6. March 2005. Hande Alemdar , Cem Ersoy , Wireless sensor networks for healthcare: A survey B. Priya, S. Rajendran, R. Bala and Gobbi. R, Member, IEEE Remote Wireless Health Monitoring System Paula Corabian Accuracy and reliability of using computerized interpretation ofelectrocardiograms for routine examinations January 2002 HTA 25: Series A Health Technology Assessment