Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Narendra K Sharma
Department of Industrial and Management Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur 208 016
Key concepts
Cluster formation Similarity and distance Method Summary measures
Cluster formation
Procedure for determining how clusters are created Two procedures
Agglomerative hierarchical clustering Divisive clustering
Method: linkage
Nearest neighbour Furthest neighbour UPGMA (Unweighted pair-group method using averages Average linkage within groups Wards method Centroid method Median method Correlation of items Binary matching
March 26, 2011 NKS/IME/IITK CLUSTER ANALYSIS 6
Summary measures
Assess how the clusters differ from one another
Means and variances Linkage tables
Show the relation of the cases to the clusters Cluster membership table Agglomeration schedule
Linkage plots
Icicle plots Dendograms (tree diagrams)
Clustering
Forward clustering Backward clustering Clustering variables Cluster procedure (as called by SPSS)
NKS/IME/IITK CLUSTER ANALYSIS 8
Clustering process
Cluster centres Large datasets Method Agglomerative K-means clustering Getting different clusters Getting relationship with other variables
NKS/IME/IITK CLUSTER ANALYSIS 9
Education (Years) 5 6 14 15 20 19
11
S1
S2 S3 S4 S5 S6
March 26, 2011
0.00
2.00
S1
S2 S3 S4 S5 S6
March 26, 2011
0.00
2.00
S1 and S2
S3 S4 S5 S6
NKS/IME/IITK CLUSTER ANALYSIS
5.5
15 16 25 30
5.5
14 15 20 19
14
S1 & S2
S3 S4 S5
0.00 162.50
162.50 200.50 0.00 2.00
200.50
590.50
782.50
26.00
0.00
15
S6
March 26, 2011
26.00
2 3
4
March 26, 2011
S6
NKS/IME/IITK CLUSTER ANALYSIS
30
19
16
18
S3 &S4
S5 &S6
March 26, 2011
181.00
680.00
NKS/IME/IITK CLUSTER ANALYSIS
0.00
169.00
169.00
0.00
19
Euclidean distance
12 10 8 6 4 2 0
3 1 2
3 4 Observation
20
Cluster Analysis
21
An exercise on cluster analysis: Find the clusters for the following hypothetical data
Hypothetical data
Subject ID S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6
March 26, 2011 NKS/IME/IITK CLUSTER ANALYSIS
Bibliography
Hair, Jr. J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L., and Black, W. C. (1998). Multivariate Data Analysis. Prentice Hall. Malhotra, N., and Dash, S. (2009). Marketing Research: An Applied Orientation. Pearson.
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