Chapter One

Becoming a Public Speaker

Chapter One
Table of Contents The Many Benefits of Public Speaking Public Speaking as a Form of Communication Public Speaking and the Communication Process Learning to Speak in Public Classical roots of public speaking

The Many Benefits of Public Speaking

Professional and personal opportunities Honing Critical Thinking and Listening Skills Enhancing Your Career as a Student Accomplishing Professional and Personal Goals Exploring and Sharing Values

The Many Benefits of Public Speaking:

Honing Critical Thinking and Listening Skills Sharpen your ability to reason or think critically. Learn to make claims and present evidence and reasoning Improve listening skills which enables you to separate fact from falsehood.

The Many Benefits of Public Speaking:

Enhancing Your Career as a Student

Preparing speeches involves numerous skills that you can use in other courses: Research Oral presentation Basic communication Creative thinking

The Many Benefits of Public Speaking:

Accomplishing Professional and Personal Goals Professional Goals:

Convey information, persuade and motivate others Skill in public speaking tops the list of sought-after skills by many organizations.

Personal Goals
Public speaking helps you communicate personal concerns to others.

The Many Benefits of Public Speaking:

Exploring and Sharing Values

Public speaking enables you to express values and explore those of others in a civil dialogue, regardless of whether or not the audience shares your viewpoint.

Public Speaking as a Form of Communication

Dyadic communication: communication
between two people

Small group communication: small

number of people who can see and speak directly with each other

Public Speaking as a Form of Communication

Mass communication: a speaker and a
large audience of unknown people

Public speaking: a speaker delivers a

message with a specific purpose to an audience who are present during delivery

Public Speaking as a Form of Communication

Similarities between Public Speaking and Other Forms of Communication Differences between Public Speaking and Other Forms of Communication

Public Speaking as a Form of Communication:

Similarities between Public Speaking and Other Forms of Communication

Like small group communication, public speaking requires you to clearly address issues that are relevant to the topic and occasion. Like mass communication, you have to appeal to a listeners interest, attitudes, and values.

Public Speaking as a Form of Communication:

Similarities between Public Speaking and Other Forms of Communication

Like in conversations, you have to attempt to make yourself understood, involve and respond to the listeners, and take responsibility for what you say.

Public Speaking as a Form of Communication:

Differences between Public Speaking and Other Forms of Communication

Feedback in public speaking is more restrictive. Preparation must be careful and extensive. The degree of formality tends to be higher.

Public Speaking and the Communication Process

Communication is an interactive process in which people exchange and interpret messages with one another.

Public Speaking and the Communication Process

Elements of Communication
Special Speaker Considerations: Speech Context, Goals, and Outcome

Public Speaking and the Communication Process:

Elements of Communication
Source: Person who creates a message
Encoding: physical process of delivering a

message

Receiver: Recipient of the sources

message
Decoding: process of interpreting the speakers

message

Message: Content of the communication

process; thoughts and ideas

Public Speaking and the Communication Process:

Elements of Communication
Channel: medium through which the speaker
sends a message

Noise: interference that serves as a barrier to

communication

Audience Perspective: needs, attitudes, and

values of the audience

Public Speaking and the Communication Process:

Elements of Communication
Shared Meaning: mutual understanding of
a message between speaker and audience

Public Speaking and the Communication Process:

Special Speaker Considerations

Speech context: factors that influence
the audience, the speech, or the occasion.

Maintain a clear focus on your goal. Make sure afterward that you have accomplished the goal you set out to reach.

Learning to Speak in Public

Draw on Familiar Skills Recognize Public Speakings Unique Requirements Aim to Become a Culturally Sensitive Speaker

Learning to Speak in Public

Public speaking is an acquired skill.
People have to devote time and effort to improvement.

Learning to Speak in Public:

Draw on Familiar Skills

There are many skills to public speaking that you have used unknowingly throughout your life, in conversation and writing.

Learning to Speak in Public:

Draw on Familiar Skills

Writing and public speaking have many similarities.
Each require a focused sense of the audience Each require research and documentation Both use effective transitions Both rely on persuasion

Learning to Speak in Public:

Draw on Familiar Skills

Conversation and public speaking also have many similarities.
Both require the speaker to consider the audience, the topic, and the occasion. However, conversation is more informal; public speaking requires formal language

Learning to Speak in Public:

Recognize Public Speakings Unique Requirements

Use familiar words and straightforward syntax. Use a conversational tone along with a formal style.

Learning to Speak in Public:

Aim to Become a Culturally Sensitive Speaker Recognize and appreciate all forms of diversity. Create a sense of inclusion.
Avoid ethnocentrism : the belief that the

ways of ones own culture are superior to those of other cultures

Classical roots in public speaking

Rhetoric: the practice of oratory The cannons of rhetoric: the five

part process of preparing a speech

Classical roots in public speaking

The cannons of rhetoric
Invention adapting to the audience Arrangement organizing the speech Style language choice Memory practicing the speech Delivery vocal and nonvocal behavior