HEALTH SITUATIONS/CASE INCIDENCE-LOCAL,NATIONAL and GLOBAL

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GENERAL OBJECTIVE:
After 30-40 minutes of lecture-discussion,the masterand shall acquire knowledge,skills and positive attitude on the local,national and global health situations.

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SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES:
The masterand will be able to: 1.visualize the current health situation 2.identify the current health situations in both local and national 3.compare the national and local case incidence 4.recognize the current health program 5.know the global heath situations
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TRENDS ON HEALTH ACROSS THE WORLD

Health is defined by the WHO as A STATE

OF COMPLETE PHYSICAL, MENTAL AND SOCIAL WELL-BEING AND NOT MERELY THE ABSENCE OF DISEASE.

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Despite incredible improvements in

health since 1950, there are still a number of challenges, which should have been easy to solve.

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Consider the following:

One billion people lack access to health care systems. 36 million deaths each year are caused by noncommunicable

diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes and chronic lung diseases. This is almost two-thirds of the estimated 56 million deaths each year worldwide. (A quarter of these take place before the age of 60.) conditions causing death globally. An estimated 17.5 million people died from CVDs in 2005, representing 30% of all global deaths. Over 80% of CVD deaths occur in low- and middleincome countries.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the number one group of

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Over 7.5 million children under the age of 5 die from

malnutrition and mostly preventable diseases, each year.

In 2008, some 6.7 million people died of infectious

diseases alone, far more than the number killed in the natural or man-made catastrophes that make headlines. (These are the latest figures presented by the World Health Organization.)

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AIDS/HIV has spread rapidly. UN estimates for 2008 that there are roughly:

33.4 million living with HIV 2.7 million new infections of HIV 2 million deaths from AIDS

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Tuberculosis kills 1.7 million people each year, with 9.4

million new cases a year.

1.6 million people still die from pneumococcal diseases

every year, making it the number one vaccine-preventable cause of death worldwide. More than half of the victims are children. (The pneumococcus is a bacterium that causes serious infections like meningitis, pneumonia and sepsis. In developing countries, even half of those children who receive medical treatment will die. Every second surviving child will have some kind of disability.)

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Malaria causes some 225 million acute illnesses and over

780,000 deaths, annually.

164,000 people, mostly children under 5, died from

measles in 2008 even though effective immunization costs less than 1 US dollars and has been available for more than 40 years.

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These and other diseases kill more people each year than

conflict alone. These are the facts that remains unchanged and inspite of the major advancement in technologies and medicine, the fact remains that optimum health for all remains a dream.

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MORBIDITY: TEN LEADING CAUSES REGION VII Number & Rate/100,000 Population 5 year average 2008

CAUSES
2.PNEUMONIA 3.DIARRHEA 5.FEVER 6.INFLUENZA 7.INJURIES 8.DERMATOSES
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RATE 4,125.95 1,008.18 756.86 525.95 277.71 256.86 156.91 130.63 70.46

1.ACUTE RESPIRATORY INFECTION

4.CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES

MORBIDITY: TEN LEADING CAUSES- NATIONAL Number & Rate/100,000 Population 5 year average 2008 SOURCE:DOH FHSIS 2008

CAUSES

RATE 809.9 723.6 707.6 448.8 134.1 51.5 42.3

1.ACUTE LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT

INFECTION & PNEUMONIA

2.BRONCHITIS/BRONCHIOLITIS 3.ACUTEWATERY DIARRHEA 4.INFLUENZA 5.HYPERTENSION 6. TB RESPIRATORY 7.DISEASES OF THE HEART
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476.5

MORTALITY: TEN LEADING CAUSES REGION VII Number & Rate/100,000 Population 5 year average 2008 SOURCE:DOH FHSIS 2008

CAUSES
1.CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES 2.PNEUMONIA 3.MALIGNANCY 5.SEPSIS 7.INJURIES 8.DIABETES MELLITUS
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RATE 68.67 48.68 29.32 14.55 10.51 11.44 9.36 7.57 6.55

4.CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES

6.DISEASES OF GENITOURINARY SYSTEM

MORTALITY: TEN LEADING CAUSES-NATIONAL Number & Rate/100,000 Population 5 year average 2008
SOURCE: DOH FHSIS 2008

CAUSES
1.DISEASES OF THE HEART 3.MALIGNANT NEOPLASMS 4.ACCIDENTS 5.PNEUMONIA 6.TB,ALL FORMS

RATE 95.5 63.8 49.5 41.6 40.2 29.7

2.DISEASES OF THE VASCULAR SYSTEM

7.CHRONIC LOWER RESPIRATORY DISEASES

24.4
8.DIABETES MELLITUS 8/22/12

23.3

MATERNAL MORTALITY, LEADING CAUSES PER 100,000 LIVEBIRTHS AND PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION REGION VII

CAUSES

RATE 3.33

1. HYPERTENSION OF PREGNANCY2.PLACENTAL RETENTION3.SEPSIS PUERPERAL4.UTERINE ATONY8/22/12 SOURCE:DOH FHSIS 2008

12.50 12.50 12.50

MATERNAL MORTALITY, LEADING CAUSES PER 100,000 LIVEBIRTHS AND PERCENTAGE DISTRIBUTION NATIONAL 2008

CAUSES

RATE

COMPLICATIONS RELATED TO

1.0

PREGNANCY IN THE COURSE OF LABOR, DELIVERY & PUERPERIUM

2.HYPERTENSION COMPLICATING

0.4 PREGNANCY,CHILDBIRTH AND PUERPERIUM 0.3

3.POSTPARTUMHEMORRHAGE
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REASONS FOR INFANT DEATHS: TEN LEADING CAUSES-REGION VII Number & Rate/100,000 Population 5 year average 2008

CAUSES
1.PNEUMONIA 2.PREMATURITY 3.CONGENITAL ANOMALY 5.ASPHYXIA 6.DIARRHEA 7.SEPSIS 8.CEREBRAL HYPOXIA 9.BRONCHOPNUEMONIA
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RATE 1.11 0.94 0.91 0.53 0.39 0.31 0.27 0.12 0.11

4.RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME

REASONS FOR INFANT DEATHS: TEN LEADING CAUSES-NATIONAL Number & Rate/100,000 Population 5 year average 2008

CAUSES
1.BACTERIAL SEPSIS OF NEWBORN

RATE 1.9 1.4 1.0

2.RESPIRATORY DISTRESS OF NEWBORN 3.PNEUMONIA

1.2

4.DISORDERS RELATED TO GESTATION AND

LOW BIRTH WEIGHT

5.CONGENITAL MALFORMATION OF THE HEART

0.8
6.CONGENITAL PNUEMONIA
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0.8 0.7

7. NEONATAL ASPIRATION SYNDROME

UHC to Address Inequity in the Health System

Universal Health Care

-Kalusugan Pangkalahatan Aim:to ensure that every Filipino shall receive affordable and quality health benefits

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UHCs Three Thrusts

1.Financial Risk Protection 2.Improved Access to Quality Hospitals and Health Care Facilities 3. Attainment of Health-related MDGs

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LEADING CAUSES OF NCD DEATHS 2008 WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION

NCD DEATHS
1.CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES-17 million deaths 2.CANCERS-7.6 million deaths 3.RESPIRATORY DISEASES-4.2 million deaths

(including Asthma and COPD)

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Causes of Maternal Mortality

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 WHO PROGRAMS
High-level UN group aims to help countries

improve nutrition
WHO joins call for renewed focus on family

planning

Prequalification of medicines saves lives New food safety standards Healthy diet policies reduce deaths from

cardiovascular disease
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Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

eradicating extreme poverty and hunger, achieving universal primary education, promoting gender equality and empowering

women
reducing child mortality rates, improving maternal health, combating HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases, ensuring environmental sustainability, and
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