Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Class 1
Introduction to the Aboriginal Jacques Cartier The arrival and the set-up of the French Samuel de Champlain The Fur trade
In Canada there are three Aboriginal groups: 1) First Nations 2) Mtis 3) Inuit Each one of these groups is comprised of many smaller groups, such as Iroquois, Algonquin, etc.
They did not write, instead they passed on their traditions through symbols and stories. They had several methods of transportation
Canoes Kayaks Toboggans Snowshoes
The Iroquois
Lived in the St-Lawrence Lowlands were farmers Matriarchal form government Sedentary Their villages were often centered around longhouses. Corn, squash and beans were staples in their diet.
The Algonquin
Lived in the Canadian Shield (eastern and central Canada) Hunters and gatherers Patriarchal They were nomadic and lived in wigwams They traveled by canoe and snowshoes and toboggans in the winter.
Jacques Cartier
He was a French explorer. He made three voyages to Canada in: 1) 1534 2) 1535 3) 1541 His voyages were commissioned by the King of France.
There were 3 main reasons for his exploration: 1) find an alternate route to China 2) bring back gold, silk and other riches 3) claim land for the King of France
The second voyage brought more French men into N.A. Four ships sailed into the Native villages of Stradacona (Quebec City) and Hochelaga (Montreal). The Natives showed the French how to survive the harsh winters. The French returned to France, bringing several Native people with them.
The purpose of Cartiers third voyage was to setup a colony in the Stradacona area. With him came Missionaries who wanted to convert the natives to Christianity. France lost interest in the settlement after only a year and it was abandoned.
The Europeans
They learned how to survive in the wilderness, as well as the cold of the winter and the possibility of scurvy. They learned how to make clothing out of leather, travel in the winter and use medicinal plants. They learned of new foods, such as maple syrup and pumpkin.
Samuel de Champlain
He was the next French explorer to travel to N.A. in hopes of setting up a colony. Before 1600, Europeans continued to use Canada as a fishing site, staying for the summer and bringing back the goods before the cold would set in. In 1608, Champlain made his voyage to setup the fur trade along the St-Lawrence.