Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
CONTENTS
Introduction to Ultra-Wideband communications Challenges of onboard spacecraft communications Advantages of UWB UWB applications Some Modulation techniques
INTRODUTION TO UWB
Narrowband communications systems modulate continuous waveform(CW) RF signals with a specific carrier frequency to transmit and receive information. UWB systems use carrierless, short-duration (picosecond to nanosecond) pulses with a very low duty cycle (less than 0.5 percent) for transmission and reception of the information. Low duty cycle offers a very low average transmission power in UWB communications systems.
Frequency-domain behavior
time
frequency
10 GHz
(FCC Min=500Mhz)
Narrowband Communicati on
From NB to UWB
FT
BW=KHz
NB
Time
Frequency
BW=MH z
SS WB
Spreading sequence
BW=GHz
UWB
NLOS
LOS + NLOS
Severe performance degradation due to multipath effect Multipath can cause up to 40 dB fading in NB systems
Amplitude (Volts)
Time (ns)
UWB Signal
Frequency (GHz)
2( f f ) H L .100% B = f f +f H L
fH and fL are highest and lowest cut-off frequencies at 10 dB point.
UWB Advantages
Shares the spectrum with others High channel capacity
Shannons formula
C = B log (1+ S ) 2 N
Ability to work with low signal to noise ratios Low probability of intercept & detection (LPI/LPD) Low duty cycle, low average power Low hardware complexity for transmitter and receiver Less sensitive to multipath
Positioning/location tracking
Advantage: Simple implementation Disadvantages: Requires precise synchronization Highly susceptible to noise
Reference point
Advantage: Not very sensitive to noise Disadvantages: Requires very accurate synchronization Does not perform well in multipath
Dn 0
Advantage: Good performance at the presence of Multipath Disadvantage: MAI increases due to the same pulse shape for all users Delays have to be large between users to avoid MAI
CONCLUSION
Ultra-wideband is a promising technology that provides performance and cost benefits over narrowband and spread spectrum systems The proposed method is simple and efficient in multiple access systems in high interference environments
19
THANK YOU..
20