HYDRAULIC PUMPING SYSTEM

BY

DOKUBO, ITOEMUGH RICHARD

G2010/MENG/PNG/FT/835

PRODUCTION ENGINEERING


DEPARTMENT OF PETROLEUM & GAS ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT


AUGUST, 2012









OUTLINE
INTRODUCTION

Hydraulic Pumping System

Hydraulic Pumping System Components

Statement of Problems

Objectives


OUTLINE
LITERATURE REVIEW

Hydraulic Pumps

Piston Pump

Jet Pump

Diaphragm Pump





OUTLINE


Turbine Driven Submersible Pump

METHODOLOGY

Procedure for Selecting Hydraulic Pump

Advantages of Hydraulic Pumping System

Limitations of Hydraulic Pumping System


OUTLINE

CONCLUSION

RECOMMENDATIONS
HYDRAULIC PUMPING SYSTEM

An artificial lift system that operates using a
subsurface pump.

Transmits energy downhole by means of a
pressurized power fluid that flows down in the
wellbore tubular to a subsurface pump.

The subsurface pump converts the energy of
the power fluid to potential energy or pressure
in the produced fluids.
HYDRAULIC PUMPING SYSTEM COMPONENTS
Power Fluid Storage: Wash tank system, Reservoir
or Separator.

Prime Mover: Electric motor, gas or diesel engine.

Surface Pump: High pressure Triplex/Multiplex
Pumps.

Control Station: Valve manifold for pump speed
adjustment.
HYDRAULIC PUMPING SYSTEM COMPONENTS
Downhole pump: Reciprocating piston or jet pump










Fig.1 : CENTRAL BATTERY INSTALLATION
SURFACE INSTRUMENTS
Power fluid
storage
Prime mover
Surface pump
Wellhead
Control Station
HYDRAULIC PUMPING SYSTEM










Fig.1.1: Free Hydraulic Pump BHA Installation
Box
Seal Bore
Landing Nipple(no-go)
Inside Standing Valve
Pin
Fig.1.2: Hydraulic Subsurface Pump
HYDRAULIC PUMPING SYSTEM
Open Power Fluid System (OPF):

Two basic types are Casing Free & Parallel Free.

Free Casing:
one string of tubing run & landed on a casing packer,
Production through casing annulus,
Free gas produced through pump.


HYDRAULIC PUMPING SYSTEM
Free Parallel:
Two strings of tubing connected at bottom to a x/over,
run independently or simultaneously,
Free gas produced via casing-tubing annulus.

Closed Power Fluid System (CPF):

different channel of exhausted power fluid return,

No fluid co-mingling from subsurface to surface,

Hydraulic power fluid in a closed circuit.
STATEMENT OF PROBLEMS
Petroleum production in deepwater environment is
challenging due to the under listed problems:

1. Flow Assurance:
Wax deposition,
Hydrate formation,
Shut-in and restart phase.

2. Flow Performance:
Production and recovery level,
Natural production/lift driver & Colder nature of the
reservoir poses an initial handicap.

HYDRAULIC PUMPING SYSTEM

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

Improve productivity in deepwater environment,

Put a shut-in well back on production,

Installation and retrieval of pumps without
pulling the tubing,

Quick-and-easy change of the production rate,

Minimize downtime and Opex.

LITERATURE REVIEW

Analysis & Prediction of minimum flow rate for the
continuous removal of liquids from gas wells (Turner,
R.G. et al.,1969)

Artificial lift systems (Schlumberger, 2007, 2012).

CLYDEUNION Pumps (2009)
Coil Tubing & Casing deployed hydraulic pumps
(Cormorant Engineering, 2009)

Downhole jet pump (J & J Technical Services, LLC
,2011)













LITERATURE REVIEW

"Free" coil tubing downhole jet pump apparatus and
method (Trico Industries Inc.,1997).

Hydraulic pumping systems (Cholet ,2000)

New hydraulic lift system overcomes beam pump
Challenges in CBM wells (Hagler,C. & Nicholas,
P.B.,2010)

Oilmaster Coiled-Tubing Jet Pump Restores Well
Productivity (Weatherford, 2010).

Petroleum Engineering handbook (Bradley, H.,1987)




.


LITERATURE REVIEW

Theoretical & Practical aspects of free piston
operation (Lebeaux, J.M & Sudduth, L.F,1955).

The Technology of Artificial lift methods (Brown,
K.E,1980).

Whats new in artificial lift (Lea, J.F & Winkler, H.W,
2010).








FIG.2.2: COIL TUBING JET PUMP BHA

Fig.1.3: Coil Tubing Jet Pump BHA
Figure 2.1: Jet pump




HYDRAULIC TURBINE DRIVEN SUBMERSIBLE PUMP
(HSP)



HSP technology has a proven track record in:

Variable duty conditions

High GOR wells

High viscosity, heavy oils

The HSP can be utilized in a variety of applications
including:

Oil well production, both offshore and onshore


HSP APPLICATIONS
Multiphase downhole and subsea boosting

Aquifer lift

Combined production and injection duties in a
single well bore

Pressurized flooding from aquifer to injection
zone


PROCEDURE FOR SELECTING HYDRAULIC PISTON
PUMP (HPP) (CHOLET, 2000):

1. Starting from well IPR, determine a desirable
liquid production rate,

2. Calculate pump intake pressure using Eq.(3.1)









Ld
q
( )
psia pressure reservoir P
D D x G
q
q
P P
p b
Ld
i pump
,
ft depth, setting pump = Dp
ft depth, reservoir = D
psi/ft pump, the below gradient pressure = Gb
Where,
) 1 . 3 .....( .......... .......... 1 80 81 125 . 0
max
,
=

(
(

|
|
.
|

\
|
=

HYDRAULIC PUMPING SYSTEM




oil of factor volume formation = Bo Where;

) 4 . 3 .....( .......... .......... .......... ..........
(3.4) Eq. pt with suction pump at rate flow Calc 5.
) 3 . 3 .( .......... .......... .......... ..........
000 , 10
/
(3.3) Eq. with ratio P/E e Calculat 4.
) 2 . 3 ...( .......... .......... ..........
(3.2) Eq. lift with net Calculate . 3
,
Ld o Ls
b
i pump
p
q B q
LN
E P
G
P
D LN
=
=
=
HYDRAULIC PISTON PUMP DESIGN
6. Estimate pump efficiency, E
P

7. Select a pump rate ratio between 0.2 and 0.8, Where,

N = pump speed, SPM
N
max
= maximum pump speed, SPM

8. Calculate the design flow rate of pump with Eq (3.5)



max
N
N
) 5 . 3 .....( .......... .......... ..........
)
max
(
N
N
E
q
q
p
Ls
pd
=
HYDRAULIC PISTON PUMP
9. Based on q
pd
and P/E values, select a pump from the
manufacturers literature and get rated displacement values
q
pump,
q
eng,
and N
max
. If not provided, calculate flow rates per
stroke by E
quations
(3.6) & (3.7)




) 7 . 3 .( .......... .......... .......... ..........
) 6 . 3 ( .......... .......... .......... ..........
max
max
N
q
q
N
q
q
eng
eng
pump
pump
=
'
=
'
HYDRAULIC PISTON PUMP




system fluid power open for (3.10) Eq
with rate flow production return the Determine 12.
) 9 . 3 ....( .......... .......... ) (
(3.9) Eq. with rate fluid power Calculate 11.
) 8 . 3 ......( .......... .......... ) (
(3.8) Eq. with speed pump Calculate 10.
max
max
max
ENG
eng
pf
E
q
N
N
q
N
N
N
N
=
=
HYDRAULIC PISTON PUMP DESIGN





13. Calculate pump and engine discharge pressure P
pump, d
and
P
ens
, d base on tubing performance.

14. Calculate pump friction-induced pressure loss with
Eq(3.11).






) 12 . 3 .( .......... ) 1 . 7 ( ) 01 . 0 99 . 0 ( 50
max
N
N
Bq
L pump
total
e Vpf F + =
. ) 11 . 3 (
) 11 . 3 ( .......... .......... ..........
) 10 . 3 ..( ..........
system f luid power closed f or is Equation
q q
q q q
Ls total
Ls pf total
=
=
+
HYDRAULIC PISTON PUMP SELECTION
Where,
= specific gravity of production Liquid, 1.0 for
H
2
0
= viscosity of power fluid, centistokes



= total liquid flow rate, bbl/day

B = 0.000514 for in tubing

B = 0.000278 for in tubing, etc.

L

8
3
2

8
7
2
pf
V
total
q
HYDRAULIC PISTON PUMP SELECTION
15. Calculate required engine pressure with E
q.
(3.13)

( )( )
) 15 . 3 ..( .......... .......... ..........
(3.15) Eq with pressure operating surface Rqd Calc 17.
) 14 . 3 ...( .......... ..........
(3.14) equation with change pressure Calculate 16.
) 13 . 3 ......(
,
.. , ,
, ,
Pinj P P
P p P
P P
i eng so
frinction potential inj
F E P P P d eng i eng
pump i pump d pump
A =
= A
+ =
HYDRAULIC PISTON PUMP SELECTION
18. Calculate required surface operating horsepower with
Eq.(3.16):


Where;

) 16 . 3 .........( .......... .......... 10 7 . 1
5
s
so pf
so
E
p q
HP

=
pressure operating surface so
rate fluid power pf
pump surface of efficiency S
P
q
E
=
=
=


ADVANTAGES OF HYDRAULIC PISTON PUMP


1. It can pump large volumes from great depth

2. Retrievable without pulling tubing

3. Crooked holes present minimal problems

4. Unobtrusive in urban locations

5. Power source can be remotely located

6. Easy to vary rate and match to well capacity


ADVANTAGES OF HYDRAULIC PISTON PUMP

7. Can use gas or electricity as power source.

8. Can pump a well down to fairly low pressure and to almost
total well depletion.

LIMITATIONS OF HYDRAULIC PISTON PUMP

1. High initial cost

2. Large power oil storage

3. Relatively high failure rate


LIMITATIONS OF HYDRAULIC PISTON PUMP

4. Repair is done by specially trained personnel

5. High sand production is troublesome

6. Safety problem for high surface pressure power oil

ADVANTAGES OF HYDRAULIC JET PUMP

1. Has no moving parts

2. No problems in crooked or deviated holes





ADVANTAGES OF HYDRAULIC JET PUMP

3. Retrievable without pulling tubing.

4. Simple to vary rate.

5. Unobtrusive in urban locations.

6. Can use water as power source.

7. Power fluid does not have to be so clean as for hydraulic
piston pumping.

8. Power source can be remotely located.




LIMITATIONS OF HYDRAULIC JET PUMP

1. Relative inefficient lift method.

2. High initial cost.

3. Large power oil storage.

4. Design of system is more complex.

5. Very sensitive to any change in back pressure

6. Power oil systems are fire hazard

7. Safety problem for high surface pressure power oil

HYDRAULIC PUMPING SYSTEM
CONCLUSION
The use of hydraulic pumping system saves the client the
time and expense of pulling the installation.
The system minimizes operational downtime and saves
operating expenditure.

RECOMMENDATION

Hydraulic pumping technology is recommended for use in
hostile oil and gas environment especially in deepwater
operation to combat the energy challenges producing
deepwater wells.

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