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INTRODUCTION
Kota Thermal Power Station is Rajasthan's First major coal power station. Presently it is in operation with installed capacity of 1240MW.And one more unit of 250MW is slated for commissioning in March 2009.
Stage
Unit No.
Capacity(MW)
Synchronizing Date 17.1.1983 13.7.1983 25.9.1988 1.5.1989 26.3.1994 31.7.2003 30.5 2009
480
480 635
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880
Excellent Performance
Kota Thermal Power Station of RVUN is reckoned one of the best, efficient and prestigious power station of the country. vKTPS has established a record of excellence and has earned meritorious productivity awards from the Ministry of Power, Govt. of India during 1984,1987,1989,1991& every year since 1992-93 onwards.
v
Year
Award
1999-00
6314
84.44
Cash award of Rs.8.31.Lacs for productivity and Rs.6.19.Lacs each for saving in specific oil consumption for the years 1999 and 2000, Shields and Bronze medal.
86.60 85.30 88.01 86.04 Golden Shield award from Union Ministry of power
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pressurized steam.
force that cause the turbine to rotate at a very high speed. pushing through the turbine ,its going into the condenser. where the steam is condensed back it its liquid form .Then the process is
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Conveyer CRUSHER belt size Coal HOUSE reduced By Conveyer 20mm belt BUNKER
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Wagon Trippler
Rated Output. : 71 KW.
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Conveyor Belt
Conveyor belt Specification of Stacker / Reclaimer:Belt width : 1400 mm. Speed : 2.2 m/second. Schedule of motor : All 3-phas induction motors Bucket wheel motor : 90 KW. Boom Conveyor motor : 70 KW. Intermediate Conveyor Motor : 90 KW Boom Housing Motor : 22KW. Slewing assembly : 10 KW. Travel Motor : 7.5 KW. Vibrating Feeder : Conveyor Specification:2x6 KW. Capacity Total installed power. : 360 KW.
: : : :
28 meters
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CRUSHER
It consists of crushers which are used to crush the coal to 20 mm. size. There are mainly two type of crushers working in KSTPS:- : Type 80" 5 A breakers. Primary Crushers i. Capacity : e. i) Rail crushers or 1350 TPH Rates/ 1500 TPH Design. Feed ii) Rotary breaker. : material Rom Coal. Secondary Crushers Feed i. e . Ring size : (-) 1200 mm. (approx.) granulators. End Product size :
(-) 500 mm Motor rating
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: 2
BUNKERS
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Utilization Of Ash
1. Manufacturing of building materials. 2. Making of concrete. 3. Manufacturing of pozzuolana cement. 4. Road construction etc.
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For general mankind, today an Eco friendly industry is must. As far as air pollution is concerned now a day various flue gases filter are there in service. The choice depends on the size of suspended particle matter. These filters are E.S.P. Fabric filter high efficiency cyclone separations and stalling room. Fop fly ash, where the particle size vary from 0.75 microns to 100 micron use gradually use E.S.P. to purify the flue gases due to its higher efficiency & low running cost etc. In an ESP the dust lidder gas is passed through an intense electric field, which causes ionization of the gases& they changed into ion while travelling towards opposite charged electrode get deposited as particles and thus dust is electric deposited an
ELECTRO-STATIC PRECIPTATOR
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Now
a day micro-processor based intelligent controllers are used to regulate the power fed to the HVR. The controls the firing / ignition angle of the thyristor connected in parallel mode. Input out waves of the controller and HVR are also shown above, which clearly indicates that average power fed to ESP field can be controlled by variation of the firing angle of thyristor. The output of controller with respect to time is also controlled by microprocessor, so that ESP operation is smooth and efficient. The chars is as shown: As can be seen in the event of spark between electrodes the output of controller is reduced to zero for few millisecond for quenching the spark. Controller also takes place care of fault in KVR and gives a trapping and
CONTROLLER
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BOILER
A boiler (or steam generator) is a closed vessel in which water, under pressure is converted into steam. It is one of the major components of a thermal power plant. A boiler is always designed to absorb maximum amount of heat released in process of combustion. This is transferred to the boiler by all the three modes of heat transfer i.e. conduction. Convection and radiation.
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Furnace
Furnace is primary part of the boiler where the chemical energy available in the fuel is converted into thermal energy by combustion. Furnace is designed for efficient and complete combustion. Major factors that assist for efficient combustion are the temperature inside the furnace and turbulence, which causes rapid mixing of fuel and air. In modern boilers, watercooled furnaces are used. 9/3/12
which the fuel is introduced from wind nozzle located in the four corners inside the boiler
q
the unit coalbunkers where the coal is stored for feeding into pulverizing mill through rotary feeder the rotary feeders feed the coal to pulverize mill at a definite rate. Then coal burners are employed to fireburning system coal The functional requirement of the fuel the pulverized is to supply a controllable and uninterrupted flammable furnace along with primary air into furnace. input of fuel and air and to continuously ignite and burn 9/3/12 the fuel as rapidly as it is introduced into the furnace
ECONOMIZER
The flue gases coming out of the boiler carry lot of heat. An economiser extracts apart of this heat from the flue gases and uses it for heating the feed water before it enters into the steam drum. The use of economiser results in saving fuel consumption and higher boiler efficiency but needs extra investment.
AIR Air preheaters are employed to recover the heat from the PREHEATERSused to heat the flue gases leaving the economiser and are
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SUPER HEATER
Superheated steam is that steam, which contains more heat than the saturated steam at the same pressure i.e. it, has been heated above the temperature corresponding to its pressure. A superheater is a device which removes the last traces of moisture from the saturated steam leaving the boiler tubes and also increases its temperature above the saturation temperature.
Reheater
Reheaters are provided to raise the temperature of the steam from which part of energy has already been extracted by HP turbine. 9/3/12
FUEL
COAL:Type Quantity consumed Type of handing. Ash disposal OIL:Type : Quantity :
: Slack Coal : 3074 tones per day : Conveyor : Wet system HSD and fuel oil a) HSD - 5520 KL per Year b) Furnace Oil: 28800 KL per Year 1/2. 180 Meters 198 M3/ Sec. Air emitted. 9/3/12 140c
Turbine is a machine in which a shaft is rotated steadily by impact or reaction of current or stream of working substance (steam, air, water, gases etc) upon blades of a wheel
STEAM TURBINE
Working of the steam turbine depends wholly upon the dynamic action of Steam. The steam is caused to fall in pressure in a passage of nozzle doe to 9/3/12fall in pressure this
3000 rpm qDirection of rotation viewing from the front bearing pedestal clock wise qRated steam pressure before stop valve 130 ata qMaximum steam pressure before stop valve 9/3/12 146 ata
STEAM FLOW:210 MW steam turbine is a tandem compound machine with HP, IP & LP parts. The HP part is single flow cylinder and HP & LP parts are double flow cylinders. The individual turbine rotors and generator rotor are rigidly HP TURBINE:coupled. The HP casing is a barrel type casing without axial joint. Because of its rotation symmetry the barrel type casing remain constant in shape and leak proof during quick 9/3/12 change in temperature.
IP TURBINE:The IP turbine consists of 20 reaction stages per flow. The moving and stationary blades are inserted in appropriately shaped grooves in shaft and inner casing. The IP part of turbine is of double flow construction. The casing of IP turbine is split horizontally and is of double shell construction. The double flow inner casing is supported kinematically in the outer casing. The steam LP TURBINE:from IIP turbine after reheating enters the inner casing The above and belowflow typetwoturbine is of three from casing of double through LP inlet nozzles. shell design. The shells are axially split and have rigidly welded construction. The outer casing consist of the front and rear walls, the lateral longitudinal support bearing and upper part Steam admitted to LP turbine from IP turbine flows into the inner casing from both sides through steam9/3/12 nozzles. inlet
heat to raise the steam which drives the turbo-generator. qThe fuel may be "Fossil" (Coal, Oil and Natural Gas) whichever fuel is used the object is same to convert the heat into mechanical energy to electrical energy by rotating a magnet inside the set of winding. TURBO GENERATOR:-
ELEGTRICITY GENERATOR the resultant Thermal power station burns the fuel and use
TURBO GENERATOR manufactured by B.H.E.L. The generator stator is a tight construction, supporting & enclosing the stator windings, core and hydrogen coolers. The generator is driven by directly coupled steam turbine 9/3/12 at a speed of 3000 r.p.m.
STATOR ROTOR
STATOR:The stator frame of welded steel frame construction, which gives sufficient & necessary rigidity to minimize the vibrations and to withstand the thermal gas pressure. The complete frame is subjected to hydraulic test at a pressure of 7 ATA. Stator bars are manufactured as half bars. Each stator half coil is composed of double glass cover and bars of copper transposed in straight portion 9/3/12 of "Robill Method"
Generator bearings have electrical seats of consists of steel bodies with removable steel pads. The bearings are formed for forced lubrication of oil at a pressure of 2 - 3 ATM / from the same pump that supplies oils to the turbine, bearings & governing gears. The machine is designed with ventilation system having 2 ATM rated hydrogen pressure. Two axial fans mounted on either side of the rotor to ensure circulation of hydrogen. . The Clearing of the individual cooler element can be carried out from both ends of the Generator even during operation. Three Hydrogen Coolers each comprising of two individual units are mounted inside the stator frame. The inlet and outlet of cooling water from both of machine i.e. from nondriving side as well as turbine side
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ROTOR:Rotor shaft consists of single piece alloy steel forging of high mechanical and magnetic properties
rotor is dynamically balanced and subject to 120 % over speed test at the work balancing tunnel so as to ensure reliable operation Rotor winding is of direct coil type and consists of parallel 9/3/12 strips of very high conductivity Silver Bearing Copper,
TECHNICAL DATA
: : : : : : : : : : : t.g.p.2, 34, 602 1, 37, 50K0V A. 7, 10, 000KW. 0.8 (lagging). 1000+ 5%rated. 7,220 A 3000 r.p.m.at 50 Hz. Double star. 6. 39 %. 420 mm. Informative
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) Type ) Continuous apparent power ) Active power ) Power factor ) Rated voltage ) Current ) Critical speed ) Frequency ) Phase connection 0)No. of terminals 1)Main diameter of slip rings 2)Voltage regulation 3)Reactance
COOLING SYSTEM
In KSTPS hydrogen cooling system is employed for generator cooling. Hydrogen is used for cooling medium primarily because of its superior cooling properties & low density. Thermal conductivity of hydrogen 7.3 times of air. It also has higher transfer coefficient. Its ability to
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Cooling Tower
Cooling towersare heat
removal devices used to transfer process waste heat to theatmosphere. use theevaporationof water to remove process heat and cool the working fluid to near the wet-bulb air temperatureor rely solely on air to cool the working fluid to near the dry-bulb air temperature.
Common applications include cooling the circulating water used in oil refineries, chemical plants, power stationsand building cooling
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EXCITATION SYSTEM
The electric power Generators requires direct current excited magnets for its field system. The excitation system must be reliable, stable in operation and must response quickly to excitation current requirements.
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The principle problem in high pressure boiler is to control corrosion and steam quality.
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The impurities present in water are as follows:1) Un-dissolved and suspended solid materials. 2) Dissolved slats and minerals. 3) Dissolved gases. 4) Other minerals (oil, acid etc.). 5). a) Turbidity & Sediment. b) Silica. c) Micro Biological. d) Sodium& Potassium Salt. e) Dissolved Sales Minerals. 6). a) O2gas. b) CO2 gas.
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CIRCULAR TANK
SWITCH YARD
Two 220 KV bus bars have been provided in switch yard and are interconnected through a bus coupler. . Each station transformer has two windings one secondary side and is rated for 50/25/25mva, 270/7/7.2 kva four feeder take
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LOCATION-: Sakatpura, Kota. CAPACITY-: A) 1st Stage-: 2x110 MW. B) 2nd Stage-: 2x210 MW. C) 3rd Stage-: 1x210 MW. D) 4th Stage-: 1x195 MW. E) 5th Stage-: 1x195 MW (commissioned in September 2008). SOURCE OF WATER-: Chambal River. BOILER-: a) Type. Tangentially fired natural, circulation, balanced raft, direct fired radiant reheat, water tube boiler. b) No. of units. c) Max. Efficiency. d) Capacity. e) Steam Pressure f) Steam Temp. 7 BHEL (86.6+ 1) % 375 tonnes 1 Hr. 139 Kg./cm 540 c
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QUERIES ?
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