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II.
Devices which record the Psycho-physiological response A. Polygraph or Lie Detector Machine B. Word Association Test C. Psychological Stress Evaluator Drugs that Inhibit the Inhibitor A. Administration of Truth Serum B. Narcoanalysis or Narcosynthesis C. Intoxication with Alcohol
NERVOUS SYSTEM
CENTRAL NS
Brain Spinal cord
PERIPHERAL NS
Cranial Nerves Spinal Nerves Autonomic NS
Sympathetic NS Parasympathetic NS
Fight or Flight system E system: exercise, excitement, emergency, embarassment Act briefly but the hormonal effects linger so need to come down (calm down)
Resting & Digesting System D division: digestion, defecation, diuresis Active when the body is at rest and not threatened
Sympathetic
Pasrasympathetic
Lungs- dilatation of bronchioles Heart increases the force and rate of contraction Eyes dilates pupils Digestive- decrease activity Blood vessels-constrict BV,increase BP, dilates in heart and skeletal muscles
No effect
POLYGRAPH
A machine that records physiologic changes occurring in association with lying Fear of the subject----activation of the sympathetic nervous system-----physiologic changes----polygraph tracing Like an ECG or EEG with recording stylets on moving paper Subject is seated on a chair with attached gadgets (pneumograph, BP cuff, electrodes, inflatable rubber) connected to the recording machine
PHASES:
A list of stimulus or non-stimulus words are read to the subject who is instructed to answer as quickly as possible Important factor: the time of response in relation to the stimulus or non-stimulus
The subject is able to recollect the facts that he has uttered after the effects of alcohol has subsided
SCIENTIFIC INTERROGATION
TECHNIQUES Emotional Appeal
Stern Approach
harsh language
The subject is allowed to tell his story
Narration
Active Aggressive Offender (passion, revenge) Passive Inadequate Offender (inducement, reward)
Based on Proficiency
Ordinary Offender (limited skill) Professional Offender (highly skilled)
Psychological Classification
Emotional Offender (passion, anger accidental) Non-emotional Offender (financial gain, recidivist)
Any person under investigation for the commission of an offense shall have the right to be informed of his right to remain silent and to have competent and independent counsel preferably of his own choice. If the person cannot afford the services of counsel, he must be provided with one. These rights cannot be waived except in writing and in the presence of counsel.
Confession
Admission
An expressed acknowledgement by the accused in a criminal case of the truth of his guilt as to the crime charged, or of some essentials thereof.