CHAPTER 2 PROPERTIES OF MATTER

What is Matter?
Anything that takes up ____ and has ______ (the stuff objects are made of)

How many types of Matter exist? ________

There are two different ways to talk about matter

1. _____ 2. ______

PURE MATTER: has a ____, ____ make-up

(always made of the same ______in the same _____)

Pure Matter can be divided into:

1. _______ 2. _________

ELEMENT: matter containing only _______of atom

Atom: ________ piece of an________

The ________ _______ of Elements

COMPOUND:

matter containing two or more elements joined together the same way every time
Properties are DIFFERENT from the elements it is made of

IMPURE MATTER: Has an unfixed, non-uniform make-up

(substances and amounts NOT always the same)

IMPURE MATTER is also known as:

Mixtures:
The properties are Not always the same because the substances and amounts are NOT always the same.

Matter has both PHYSICAL and CHEMICAL properties.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES: things that can be observed or measured without changing the make-up of the matter.

VISCOSITY: resistance to flowing (Thickness) (Ex: molasses

has high viscosity)

CONDUCTIVITY: allows heat or energy to flow (Ex: metal has

good heat and good electrical conductivity)

MALLEABILITY: can be hammered without shattering

(Ex: metal is malleable, glass is not)

HARDNESS: one substance can scratch another

(Ex: diamonds have a high level of hardness)

MELTING POINT: temperature when matter changes from solid to liquid

BOILING POINT: temperature when matter boils (changes from liquid to gas)

DENSITY: the mass of a sample of matter divided by its volume

Density = Mass Volume Density = Mass Volume

Units for Density

Mass (grams g) use the balance to find Volume Liquid (milliliters ml) use the graduated cylinder to find Volume solid (centimeters cubed - cm3) use a ruler and multiply

Density = Mass/Volume = g/ml or g/cm3

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES: things that can ONLY be observed or measured by changing the make-up of the matter.

Matter can change both PHYSICALLY and CHEMICALLY.

PHYSICAL CHANGE: properties of the matter change, but the matter remains the same.

CHEMICAL CHANGE: properties of the matter change and the matter forms one or more new substances.

CHEMICAL CHANGE EVIDENCE

Color change

Gas is produced Precipitate forms

(any solid that forms and separates from liquid matter)

FLAMMABILITY: matters ability to burn in oxygen.

REACTIVITY: how easily one kind of matter combines chemically with another kind of matter