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So we are always challenging ourselves. Even the most successful companies must constantly reinvent themselves.
--Bill Gates Chairman and Chief Software Architect Microsoft
What is Management?
The process of deciding how best to use a businesss resources to produce good or provide services
Employees Equipment Money
What is Management?
Auto industry managers
Assembly line: schedule work shifts, supervise assembly of vehicles Engineering: develop new product features, enforce safety standards General: plan for the future All organizations need managers!
Levels of Management
Senior management
Establishes the goal/objectives of the business Decides how to use the companys resources Not involved in the day-to-day problems Set the direction the company will follow Chairperson of the companys board of directors, CEO, COO, senior vice presidents
Levels of Management
Middle management
Responsible for meeting the goals that senior management sets Sets goals for specific areas of the business Decides which employees in each area must do to meet goals Department heads, district sales managers
Levels of Management
Supervisory management
Make sure the day-to-day operations of the business run smoothly Responsible for the people who physically produce the company's products or services Forepersons, crew leaders, store managers
Skills needed
Conceptual, human relations, technical
Management Roles
Managers have authority within organizations
Managers take on different roles to best use their authority
Interpersonal roles Information-related roles Decision-making roles
Management Roles
Interpersonal roles
A managers relationships with people
Providing leadership with the company Interacting with others outside the organization Senior managers spend much of their time on interpersonal roles
Represent the company in its relations with people outside the company, interacting with those people, and providing guidance and leadership to the organization Determine a companys culture Sears, Roebuck and Co.
Management Roles
Information-related roles
Provide knowledge, news or advice to employees
Holding meetings Finding ways of letting employees know about important business activities
Decision-making roles
Makes changes in policies, resolves conflicts, decides how to best use resources
Middle and supervisory managers spend more time resolving conflicts than senior managers
Management Skills
Conceptual skills
Skills that help managers understand how different parts of a business relate to one another and to the business as a whole Decision making, planning, and organizing
Management Skills
Human relations skills
Skills managers need to understand and work well with people Interviewing job applicants, forming partnerships with other businesses, resolving conflicts
Management Skills
Technical skills
The specific abilities that people use to perform their jobs Operating a word processing program, designing a brochure, training people to use a new budgeting system
Management Skills
All levels of management require a combination of conceptual, human relations, and technical skills
Conceptual skills most important at senior management level Technical skills most important at lower levels Human relations skills important at all levels
Principles of Management
A principle is a basic truth or law Managers often use certain rules when deciding how to run their business Most management principles are developed through observation and deduction
Principles of Management
Deduction is the process of drawing a general conclusion from specific examples
Observe that employees in 15 companies work more efficiently when their supervisors threat them well Deduce/conclude that a pleasant work environment contributes to productivity Conclusion becomes a management principle
Principles of Management
Management principles are best viewed as guides to action rather than rigid laws If a principle does not apply to a specific situation, an experienced manager will not use it
Important to recognize when a principle shouldnt be followed Being able to change and adapt is an important management skill
Principles of Management
Do all employees need to arrive at work at the same time? Do people who work in offices need to dress in a certain way?