NF 25 Essentials of Nutrition Controversy 13 Childhood Obesity and Early Chronic Diseases

Alyssa Andrade Candace Basehart Jayson Heyer

What is Childhood Obesity?

Childhood obesity is a serious medical condition that affects children and adolescents. It occurs when a child is well above the normal weight for his or her age and height. Childhood obesity is particularly troubling because the extra pounds often start children on the path to health problems. Childhood obesity can also lead to poor self-esteem and depression.

Childhood Obesity
Today, 32 percent of U.S. children and adolescents 2 to 19 years old are overweight, many of which are obese. In fact, almost 17% of children and adolescents have BMI (Body Mass Index) values at or above the 95th percentile (are obese). And almost 12% have BMI values at or above the 97th percentile. Serious risk factors often accompany obesity in adults AND children, such as type 2 diabetes, heart disease, liver disease, hypertension, and atherosclerosis.
<http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/childhood-obesity/DS00698>

Calculating Your BMI (Body Mass Index)

Influences on Childhood Obesity

Influences on Childhood Obesity

Television and advertising plays a big role on child AND adult obesity. Each year, the average child sees about 40,000 commercials on television alone. And it is estimated that advertisers spend more then $12 billion per year on advertising aimed at young people!
http://childobesityinfo.blogspot.com/2008/10/childhood-obesity-causes.html

Influences on Childhood Obesity

Children who have 2 obese parents are more than likely going to be obese themselves. It is caused by poor eating habits and poor family nutrition. Parents are the ones liable for putting healthy foods in the kitchen at home and leaving the unhealthy foods on the shelves in the store.

Also, one half of parents of elementary school students never exercise, so their children will pick up those bad habits as well.
http://childobesityinfo.blogspot.com/2008/09/childhood-obesity-parents.html

TRUE or FALSE:
Obese kids have an 80% chance of staying obese their entire lives.
a) TRUE

b) FALSE

Challenges of Child Obesity

Obesity takes a heavy toll on the well being of a child.
Most overweight children and their parents disregard the health threats, focusing on appearance and the social costs of obesity.

Child obesity also comes with a numerous amount of health complications: Asthma Non-Alcoholic Liver Disease Complications of Anesthesia Early Development of Atherosclerosis and High Blood Cholesterol Hypertension or High Blood Pressure Type 2 Diabetes Heart Disease Most of which we will be talking about next.

Diseases Associated with Childhood Obesity

Immediate Health Effects

Obese children are more than likely going to suffer from cardiovascular diseases such as high blood pressure and high blood cholesterol.

In a population base sample, 70% of children 5-17 years old had at least one risk factor of a cardiovascular disease.

http://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/obesity/facts.htm

What is.
High Blood Pressure?
Also known as HBP or hypertension When the heart beats, it creates pressure that pushes blood through your blood vessels and capillaries The blood pressure is the result of two forces The first force occurs when the blood pumps out of the heart and into the arteries that are part of the circulatory system The second force occurs when the heart rests between heart beats

High Blood Cholesterol?

Soft, fat-like substance found in your blood stream and all your bodys cells Eating saturated fats, trans fats, and cholesterol could higher your cholesterol level When there is too much in your blood, it builds up in the inner arteries, which is called atherosclerosis The arteries could becomes clogged or narrowed, and reduces the flow of the blood When the build up of plaque ruptures, it could cause a blood clot, which then causes a heart attack

http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/HighBloodPressure/Abo utHighBloodPressure/What-is-High-BloodPressure_UCM_301759_Article.jsp

http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/Conditions/What-Are-High-BloodCholesterol-and-Triglycerides_UCM_430966_Article.jsp

Cholesterol

Blood Pressure

TRUE or FALSE:
a) TRUE b) FALSE
Lowering your cholesterol level could help decrease your chance for having a plaque burst, which causes heart attacks. It may also slow down, reduce, or even stop plaque from building up.

Immediate Health Effects

Children who are obese are at greater risk for bone and joint problems

They also suffer from social and psychological problems such as stigmatization and poor selfesteem

Immediate Health Effects

Obese children are also more than likely going to have a condition called PreDiabetes.
To determine if you are pre-diabetic they do 1 of 3 different blood tests.
1. A1C Test gives the average amount of glucose in the blood over the past 3-4 months 2. FPG test has to be done first thing in the morning before the patient eats. A person with pre-diabetes has a fasting blood glucose level of 100-125 mg/dl 3. OGTT is a test taken after the person had been fasting all night and then again 2 hours after drinking a glucose-rich drink.

Pre-Diabetes is when a persons blood glucose level is higher than normal but not enough to be considered Type 2 Diabetes

http://www.diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/prevention/prediabetes/pre-diabetes-faqs.html

Long Term Effects: Asthma

Asthma is a disease affecting the airways that carry air to and from your lungs. The inside walls of an asthmatics airways are swollen or inflamed. This may make the airways extremely sensitive to irritation and increases your susceptibility to an allergic reaction. As the inflamed airways become narrower, less air can pass through them.

Researchers show that heavier children are 77% more likely to get asthma. They suggest that the increased weight leads to inflammation in the respiratory tract. The mechanical impact of the weight on the lungs compromises the airways.
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/info/asthma/ http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/health/1604482.stm

How much of the population has Type II Diabetes?

a) Less than 10%
b) Between 11 30%

c) Between 31 49%
d) More than 50%
8.3% of the population has diabetes! Thats 25.8 MILLION children and adults.

Long Term Effects: Type II Diabetes

Type II Diabetes develops when either the body does not produce enough insulin in the blood or the cells ignore the insulin produced. Obesity diminishes insulins ability to control blood sugar. The body begins to overproduce insulin to regulate the blood sugar levels but over time the body is no longer able to keep the levels in normal range.

http://www.obesityinamerica.org/understandin gObesity/diseases.cfm

Other Long Term Effects

Stroke

Many Types of Cancer

Heart Disease

Preventing &

Reverting

Childhood Obesity

Preventing Childhood Obesity

Balance the calories the child consumes, through food and beverages, with the calories the child uses through physical activity and normal growth.

*** Children and teens should NOT be placed on a weight reduction diet without the consultation of a health care provider ***

Develop healthy eating habits with foods that provide adequate nutrition and an appropriate number of calories. Engage in an appropriate amount of physical activity and avoid sedentary time.

Children and teens should participate in at least 60 minutes of moderate intensity physical activity for most of the week.
http://www.cdc.gov/healthyweight/children/index.html#prevention

Reverting Childhood Obesity

As adults we need to set the examples for these children. Here are some tips and ideas on how to do so
Get the kids excited about foods
Tell the child about the process of the food. Begin from the very beginning stages right through the end and onto their plate.

Grow your own vegetables and fruits

Let the child choose what vegetables and fruits they want to grow. Allow them to help water and maintain the garden. Planting and growing could be a rewarding challenge not only for the children, but for you as well.

Take the kids grocery shopping

If you cant grow your own fruits and vegetables, takeyour children shopping with you. It can be a great alternative. Also while there, allow your children to pick out some fun foods that they would like to try.

Ask them to help you cook from time to time

Allow them to be creative.

Eliminate junk food from the cupboards Allow them NO LESS than 60 minutes of physical activity on a daily basis

Our Real World Layer

Interesting Statement
http://www.jamieoliver.com/us/foundation/jamies-food-revolution/home

Why We Need A Food Revolution

Our kids are growing up overweight and malnourished from a diet of processed foods. Today's children will be the first generation ever to live shorter lives than their parents, and its time for a change! There has been a dramatic loss of cooking skills at home and the availability of processed foods are at every turn, from school cafeterias to church function halls.
http://www.jamieoliver.com/us/foundation/jamies-food-revolution/why

Jamies Ambitions
More Cooking At Home A nation wide network of community kitchens where anyone can go to learn basic home cooking Jamies home cooking course

Cooking In The Community A Food Revolution truck, a mobile food classroom and flagship center for the Food Revolution A cooking course available in church halls, community and health care centers and the workplace

Schools And Communities to inspire and educate parents, careers, young adults and children through: Freshly cooked meals in schools and colleges Cooking lessons for kids at school Lessons teaching basic food skills to health care and social care professionals Cooking classes for the public in the community
http://www.jamieoliver.com/us/foundation/jamies-food-revolution/why

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f8CF15HJJ0&feature=player_embedded

Jamie Olivers Food Revolution: Season 1

Jamie Olivers Food Revolution: Season 2

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1KPP-WXDd1w&feature=player_embedded