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4 th EEE
College
ABSTRACT
Contents
Introduction Definition and Objectives UPFC Model Control Schme
INTRODUCTION
power flow and enhance system stability. The problems which are arised due to interconnections are avoided by using FACTS devices . The need of FACTS devices are to increase the power transmission capability .
Modern electrical power systems have grown to a large complexity due to increasing interconnections, installation of large generating units and extra-high voltage tie-lines etc. power transmitting in the line is given by
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DEFINITION OF FACTS:
systems incorporating power electronic based and other static controllers to enhance controllability and increase power transfer capability .
FACTS devices are classified as 1. Series connected controllers 2. Shunt connected controllers 3. Series -Series connected controllers 4. Series Shunt connected controllers
Stability Limit
Transiet Stability
Voltage Stability
Series
TCSC
Series-Shunt
Series-Series
IPFC
UPFC
Unified Power Flow Controller The UPFC is the most versatile and powerful FACTS device .The parameters in the transmission line, i.e. line impedance, terminal voltages, and voltage angle can be controlled by UPFC. It is used for independent control of real and reactive power in transmission lines. The UPFC can be used for voltage support and damping of electromechanical oscillations.
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CONTROL SCHEME
For damping of the subsequent swings, UPFC will be operated in the direct voltage injection mode.
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The value 0 represents complete nonmembership and 1 represents complete membership and values in between represent intermediate degree of membership Out of all membership functions triangular membership function is most popular
Basic Fuzzification Process
RULE BASE Crisp Output FUZZIFIER Crisp Input
FUZZY INFERENCE DE-FUZZIFIER
FUZZIFIER - Converts crisp input into fuzzy input. RULE BASE A collection of rules referring to
particular system is known as fuzzy rule base. FUZZY INFERENCE It refers to computational procedures used for evaluating linguistic descriptions and fuzzy rule basic is applied and fuzzy output is produced.
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Fuzzification
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Inference
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To determine the degree of memberships for output variables the Min-Max inference is applied. Both of the two UPFC controllers use the same inference system.
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Defuzzification
where i u corresponds to the value of control output for which the membership values in the output sets are equal to unity.
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Parameter optimization
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CONCLUSION
The performance of the proposed method is simulated over a wide range of operating conditions . The paper presents a new fuzzy-coordination controller for the FACTS devices in a multimachine power system to damp the electromechanical oscillations. The fuzzy coordination controller is designed based on the conventional POD controllers. .
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REFERENCES:
HVDC Transmission and distribution systems by
Gupta, V. Sitnikov, W. Breuer, D. Pavh, D. Retzmann, E. Teltsch, benefits of Power electronics for Transmission Enhancement Load-Flow Analysis with Respect to a possible synchronous Interconnection of Networks of UCTE and IPS/UPS.
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QUERIES?