Nur Liyana Aqmar Binti Kamal Ariffin Mohamed Shakimi Bin Hanafi Mohamad Azri Bin Ibrahim

Outlines

Introduction Objectives Brief Theory Methodology Results and Discussion Conclusions Acknowledgement

Magnetic Introduction material

soft

hard

intrinsic

extrinsic

Objectives
To examine the magnetic transition from ferromagnetism to

paramagnetism in soft magnetic material. To determine the Curie temperature. To learn about the basic principles of magnetic hysteresis To learn about the properties of ferromagnetic materials.

Brief theory
Types of magnetism:

Ferromagnetism

Ferrimagnetism

Antiferromagnetism

Paramagnetism

Temperature dependence
Curie Temperature, Tc

Ferromagnetism

Ferrimagnetism

Paramagnetism

Above a critical temperature called the Curie temperature (TC), ferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic materials no longer possess a spontaneous magnetization and become PARAMAGNETIC

Hysteresis loop

Chemical Formula 0.3NiO+0.7ZnO+Fe2O3 Ni0.3Zn0.7Fe2O4

Methodology

Sintering at 900oC

Magnetic properties characterizations

Curie temperature

Hysteresis loop

HP4294A Precision Impedance Analyzer

Linkjoin MATS 2010SD Hysteresisgraph

Results and discussion

Curie temperature
3.0000E+01

2.5000E+01

Initial Permeability

2.0000E+01 y = -0.4531x + 39.789 1.5000E+01

1.0000E+01

5.0000E+00

0.0000E+00 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160

Temperature (oC)

Discussion
From the graph, the curie temperature was found as 87.8oC.
This curie temperature represent the changes of magnetism

behaviour from ferromagnetism to paramagnetism.

Hysteresis
0.02 B (T) 0.015

0.01

0.005

0 -1500 -1000 -500 -0.005 0 500 1000

H(A/m)
1500

-0.01

-0.015

-0.02

Discussion
When magnetic field applied on the sample reached the

saturation level, all the direction of magnetic moment are parallel to each other. When the magnetic field being removed, only partial of the magnetic moment direction changes the direction and results in having remanance. From the graph, magnetic saturation induction, B and coercivity field, Hc value of 0.01T and 785.33 A/m respectively.

Conclusion
Ni0.3Zn0.7Fe2O4 was well characterized using the hysteresis

graph and curie temperature measurement. The magnetism behaviour changes from ferromagnetism to paramagnetism at curie temperature of 87.8oC. Ni0.3Zn0.7Fe2O4 can be characterised as a soft magnetic material with its magnetic saturation induction, B and coercivity field, Hc value of 0.01T and 785.33 A/m respectively.

Acknowledgement

References

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