A presentation On Deforestation

BY Ankit shende 121123015

Department of Production Engineering College of Engineering, Pune

Natural resources Classification Importance of forests Forest area in India Deforestation Causes Consequences Measures

A natural resource may be defined as any material given to us by nature which can be transformed in a way that it becomes more valuable and useful. The resources are classified as under 1. Renewable Resources 2. Non-renewable Resources 3. Cyclic Resources

Renewable Resources Resources, which can be renewed along with their exploitation, are always available for use. Hence they are called renewable resources. For instance, forests are renewable. Non-renewable Resources The formation of some resources like iron ore, coal, mineral oil etc. has taken several thousand years. Once they are used in unlimited way, they cannot be easily replaced. Cyclic Resources For resources there is no final use as they can be used continuously. For example, water used in industry and domestic ways can be cleaned and used again for similar or other purpose. Such resources are given the name of Cyclic Resources.

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Ecological Balance Renewable Natural Resources Economic Development Environment Quality Safeguard against Pollution Soil Conservation Wind Erosion Maintains Ecological Balance Attract Rainfall Control Floods Linked with Cultural and Civilization Supply of Raw Material

According to Central Forestry Commission (CEF) (1980) in India the forest cover was around 74.8 Mha. It was 22.7% of the total land mass. The position of forests in India as under: (a) The tropical dry deciduous (38.7%). (b) The tropical moist deciduous (30.9%) type. (c) The tropical thorn 6.9% (d) The tropical dry evergreen 0.1% (e) The pure coniferous (high mountainous area) 6.3% (f) The sal forest 16% (g) The teak forest 13% (h) The broad-leaved excluding Sal and Teak 55.8% (i) The Bamboos including in plantations 8.8%

Deforestation is the process of felling trees indiscriminately resulting in nude or seminude surface of the hill hitherto covered by thick forests.

Causes of Deforestation (a) Felling of trees to meet the ever increasing demand of the cities. (b) Grazing by the local cattle, goats, sheep etc. They not only destroy the vegetation but also pull out the roots of plants. (c) Meeting out the growing hunger for land. It has hit the ecology of the country badly very soon India is likely to have more of wasteland than productive land. (d) A major cause of deforestation has been the construction of hill roads. (e) Mining. (f) Wood extraction. (g) Building of Dams

With deforestation ecological balance maintain by nature breaks away. Floods and drought. Decrease rainfall of an area. Land/Erosion and Landslides, Data reflect that about 6,000 million ton of topsoil is lost annually due to water erosion in the absence of trees.

Controlling Population Growth Proper Mining Stop to various dams project. Planting more trees over waste lands. Programs to be conducted over to make people aware of adverse effect of deforestation.