Chapter 10

Systems Development
An Overview of Systems Development Tools and Techniques for Systems Development Systems Investigation Systems Analysis Systems Design Systems Implementation Systems Maintenance and Review

Please discontinue use of cell phone and turn off the ringer.

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

An Overview of Systems Development

Key Terms
Systems development Systems development life cycle System stakeholders Systems analyst End-user systems development

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Systems Development
Systems development is the activity of creating new or modifying existing information systems. The systems development life cycle (SDLC) is the ongoing activities associated with the system development process including investigation, analysis, design, implementation, and maintenance and review.

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

The SDLC
The systems development life cycle (SDLC) involves working through a number of steps to go from the initial idea to a finished system.

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Participants in Systems Dev.

The systems development process typically involves communication between many people within and outside an organization.

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Systems Analyst

Stakeholders are those that stand to benefit from a new system.

Systems Analyst: professional who specializes in analyzing and designing systems.

System Analyst

Knowledge Workers

Programmers

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Creative Analysis
involves seeking new approaches to existing problems.
Google Voice is a service that allows users to manage their phone lines in a whole new way.

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Critical Analysis
means being skeptical and doubtful, and requires questioning whether the current system is still effective and efficient.

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Systems Development Planning

is the translation of organizational or individual goals into systems development initiatives.
Not satisfied with educating only zoo visitors, administrators developed a new system to distribute interactive educational video and lessons over the Internet.

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

End-User Development
Non-tech users are becoming increasingly involved in system and software development in businesses and organizations. Why? They understand the problems at hand They are increasingly technically savvy Software development tools are increasingly easier to use Programmers are not able to keep up with organization demands

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Tools and Techniques for Systems Development

Key Terms
Computer-aided software engineering (CASE) tools Flowchart Outsourcing Decision Table Object-oriented systems development Project management Prototyping
Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

CASE Tools
Computer-aided software engineering (CASE) tools automate many of the tasks required in a systems development effort
Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Flowchart
A flowchart is a system design diagram that charts the path from a starting point to the final goal of a system.

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Decision Table
A decision table is a systems development tool that displays the various conditions that could exist in a system and the different actions that the computer should take as a result of these conditions.

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Project Management
The overall purpose of project management is to plan, monitor, and control necessary development activities.

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Iterative Approach
With the iterative approach, each phase of the SDLC is repeated several times (iterated). Prototyping typically involves creating a preliminary model or version of a major subsystem, or a small or scaled-down version of the entire system.

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Outsourcing
Outsourcing is a business use of an outside company to take over portions of its workload.

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Systems Investigation
Key Terms
Systems investigation Feasibility analysis

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Systems Investigation
The overall purpose of systems investigation is to determine whether or not the objectives met by the existing system are satisfying the goals of the organization. A key part of the systems investigation phase is feasibility analysis, which investigates the problem to be solved or opportunity to be met.

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Systems Analysis
Key Terms
Systems Analysis Requirements analysis

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Systems Analysis
Systems analysis attempts to understand how the existing system helps solve the problem identified in systems investigation and answers the question, What must the computer system do to solve the problem?

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Requirements Analysis
The overall purpose of requirements analysis is to determine user, stakeholder, and organizational needs.

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Systems Design
Key Terms
Systems design Request for proposal (RFP)

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Systems Design
The purpose of systems design is to select and plan a system that meets the requirements defined in the requirements analysis. The request for proposal (RFP) is generated during systems development when an organization wants a computer systems vendor to submit a bid for a new or modified system.
Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Systems Implementation
Key Terms
Systems implementation Direct conversion Phase-in approach Pilot startup User acceptance document
Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Systems Implementation
Systems implementation includes hardware acquisition, software acquisition or development, user preparation, hiring and training of personnel, site and data preparation, installation, testing, startup, and user acceptance.

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Hardware Acquisition
Hardware is expensive, and it can become error prone and technologically obsolete over time. As a result, some organizations include hardware replacement costs in their annual budgets.

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Software Acquisition
Sometimes developing software in house produces the most effective result. NASA developed a software program called DAC for space exploration to analyze how a spacecraft enters distant environments and atmospheres
Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Acquiring Database and Telecommunications Systems

Acquiring a database system can be closely linked to the systems development process, since many systems development projects involve a new or modified database system.

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

User preparation
User preparation is the process of readying managers and decision makers, employees, and other users and stakeholders for the new or modified system.

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Site Preparation
The actual location of the new system needs to be prepared in a process called site preparation. It may require: additional furniture special wiring and air conditioning A special floor may have to be built, to connect the cables to the various computers
Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Installation
Installation is the process of physically placing the computer equipment on the site and making it operational.

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Systems Maintenance and Review

Key Terms
Systems maintenance Systems review

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Systems Maintenance and Review

Systems maintenance involves checking, changing, and enhancing the system to make it more useful in achieving user and organizational goals. Systems review, the final phase of the systems development life cycle, is the process of analyzing systems to make sure that they are operating as intended.

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >

Chapter 10 Questions?

Succeeding with Technology, 4th ed > Systems Development >