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AGENDA
Developing Creativity and Innovation
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LEARNING OUTLINE
What Is Creativity? Process Of Creativity Barriers To Creativity How To Generate Creative Ideas Continue..
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LEARNING OUTLINE
What Is Innovation? Type Of Innovation Sources Of Innovation Barriers Of Innovation The Importance Of Creativity And Innovation Strategies To Encourage Creativity And Innovation
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What is Creativity
Definition
Involves the development of unique and novel responses to problem and opportunities. Imperative for responding to the complex challenges in a dynamic business environment which is often on non-routine problems. The ability to produce work that is original and unexpected, high in quality and appropriate.
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Entrepreneurship
Entrepreneurship the result of a disciplined, systematic process of applying creativity and innovation to the needs and opportunities in the marketplace. Entrepreneurs connect their creative ideas with the purposeful action and structure of a business.
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By overcoming paradigms and by suspending conventional thinking long enough to consider new and different alternatives!
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Intentionality
Actions
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Left-Brained or Right-Brained?
Entrepreneurship requires both leftand right-brained thinking.
Right-brained thinking draws on divergent reasoning, the ability to create a multitude of original, diverse ideas. Left-brained thinking counts on convergent reasoning, the ability to evaluate multiple ideas and to choose the best solution to a problem.
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Elements of Creativity
Unique (original) Valued (useful) Intent (purpose) Continuance (implementation excellence)
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Knowledge Accumulation
Creative Process
Ideas
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Incubation
Illumination
Verification
Implementation
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FORCED ANALOGY
DO IT NOMINAL GROUP
D Define Problem O Open mind and apply creative technique I Identify best solution T - Transform
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MIND MAPPING
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Mind-mapping
A graphical technique that encourages thinking on both sides of the brain, visually displays relationships among ideas, and improves the ability to see a problem from many sides.
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Barriers to Creativity
FEAR OF CRITISM
PERSONAL BELIEFS
STRESS
OVER-MANAGEMENT
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Barriers to Creativity
Searching for the one right answer Focusing on being logical Blindly following the rules Constantly being practical Viewing play as frivolous
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Barriers to Creativity
(continued)
Becoming overly specialized Avoiding ambiguity Fearing looking foolish Fearing mistakes and failure Believing that Im not creative
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Copyright an exclusive right that protects the creators of original works of authorship such as literary, dramatic, musical, and artistic works. Copyrighted material is denoted by the symbol .
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Innovation
CREATIVITY
INNOVATION
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Innovation Definition 1
Innovation is an endeavour which produces a significant leap in the cost to benefit ratio Costs and benefits are defined in comprehensive ways
Innovation Examples
Optical communication systems bandwidth vs cost Flexible Manufacturing Systems: choice vs cost
Web-enabled processes: customer satisfaction vs cost (FedEx example) ATM Machines: convenience vs cost
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Non-technological Innovations
Productivity Innovation: Ford cars (assembly line) Marketing innovation: Frequent Flier programs (Sticky customers, avoiding customer churn) Pricing innovation: Web-services model
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Non-technological Innovations
Branding innovation: Kingfisher Airline ? Legal Innovation: Patents, Limited liability companies Financial innovations: insurance, mutual funds, installment buying, home loans, credit cards, derivatives (futures and options), mortgagebacked securities
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Incremental innovation: extensions ADSL modem (32 kbps to 1.5 mbps and simultaneous data and voice delivery)
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Innovation Definition 2
Innovation endows resources with new capacity to deliver Economics Resources are scarce and limited Progressive societies efficiently allocate resources to the most promising activities
Production Possibility Frontier
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Table: S-curve
Table: S-Curve
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Innovation
Types of Innovation
INVENTION EXTENSION
DUPLICATION
SYNTHESIS
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Sources of Innovation
Unexpected Events New knowledge concept Changes of Demographics Process Needs
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Barriers to innovation
No encouragement by organizations Insufficient sources human resources, funds, facilities Traditional Management Behavior resist changes
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Barriers to Innovation
Personal / Individual Behaviors
Fear of trying Fear of making mistakes Improper motivation Fear of Change Fear of Failure Self-image block
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Strategies
Recognize your own ability Change your perception
Dare to Fail
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Stage 2
Stage 1
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Stage 1
The innovation begins in one or both of two ways. One is by suggestion and/or discovery; that is from the speculations and/or discoveries of scientist, or possibly craftspeople in pursuing their activities. Another way is by perception of an environmental market need or opportunity.
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Stage 2
This is the proposed theory or design concept; that is, the synthesizing of existing knowledge and techniques to provide the theoretical basis for the technical concept. This synthesis usually occurs after considerable trial and error.
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Stage 3
The verification of the theory or design concept followed.
Stage 4
The laboratory demonstration of the applicability of the concept, such as the development of the breadboard model in electronics.
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Stage 5
Alternative versions of the concept are evaluated and developed to be defined as the full scale approach. At his stage, a prototype is developed and subjected to field trials. Alternatively, a pilot production plant produces small quantities of the new product which may be submitted to test markets or clinical trials.
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Stage 6
The commercial introduction or initial operational use of the innovation
Stage 7
The widespread adoption of the innovation when its scale and scope of usage are sufficient to generate substantial cash flows in the producing enterprises and significant societal impacts.
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Stage 8
Proliferation, when either the generic product (e.g: radar to detect speeding motorist) or the generics technology (e.g: microwave technology in cooking ovens) is adapted for use in newly defined markets.
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INNOVATION IN PRACTICE
Innovation is a dynamic process A continuing occurrence in our everyday business life and they are mostly minor in nature Example: A color television set. What changes (technical design & appearance) could you suggest?
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INNOVATION IN PRACTICE
A deviation from the earlier model or add functions These changes are ongoing, and vital to the continued success of the business
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INNOVATION IN PRACTICE
Stage Date 1 1846 Person Michael Faraday Activities Discovered an interrelationship between electricity & magnetism through observation leading to scientific suggestion Electromagnetic wave theory Experimental detection (verification of the existence) of electromagnetic waves
2 3
1864 1886
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5
1892
1894
William Crookes
Oliver Lodge
INNOVATION IN PRACTICE
Stage Date 6 7 8 9 1896 1897 Person Activities Guglielmo Recognized the potential utility of Marconi wireless telegraphy Guglielmo Commercial introduction Marconi
1910- Guglielmo Increasing adoption Crippen1912 Marconi Titanic effect Later Many Proliferation-radio industry, radar, TV industry, etc. Discuss the technological innovation above and identify factors that need to be given considerations upon making an
innovation.
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Design development
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Innovation
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Continuous innovation
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Conclusion
Applicable Adaptation Exploitation Expansion
Fulfilling Needs
Acceptance of an Idea
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