Social System in the Organization

Social System
Social system is a complex set of human relationships that interact in one another in different ways. An orgs social system includes All the people of the org Their relationship with one another Their relationship with outsider There are no. of subsystem in a total social system and these subsystems are interrelated. Any modification in any subsystem will affect the total social system.

Attributes of Social System

Social Equilibrium Functional and Dysfunctional effects Economic and psychological contract Equality

Social Equilibrium
The social system is in the equilibrium position when there are working balance among the various subsystems. There are constant changes occur in a social system. But in spite of these changes the balance should be retained or maintained. Because of disequilibrium subsystems may work against each other.

Functional and Dysfunctional effects

When any action creates favorable effect to the social system is called functional effect. Dysfunctional effect is just opposite of it. Mgr must evaluate these effects to determine the nature and degree of these effects and try to overcome it. Mgr must evaluate the actual and potential changes regarding the matter. Employees may be a source of functional and dysfunctional effects.

Economic and psychological contract

When an employee joins in an org, he/she had an economic contract with this org about the salaries, wages etc. Side by side he/she also enter into an informal, unwritten, psychological contracts through which he/she seeks security of the jobs. Through psychological contract a person is treated as a human being and maintain harmonious relationship with subordinate and superiors.

Employee
If expectations are met high job satisfaction high performance Continuance with Organization
If expectations are not met low job satisfaction low performance Possible separation

Employee Expected gains

Intended contributions

Psychological Contract

Employer
If expectations are metEmployee retention possible promotion

Employer Expected gains

Rewards offered

Economic contract

If expectations are not met Corrective action; discipline Possible separation

Equality
Equality theory describes how employees judge their reward system or response to the reward system. There are three conceptsWhen the emp. Feel over rewarded they will be reluctant to increase productivity Inadequate reward can decrease their productivity and performance In case of equality they try to increase or maintain the performance

Social culture
When an emp of an org act or behave in accordance with the desire or instructions that behavior is called social.
Culture is the conventional behavior of the society in which emp lives and which influence their behavior or act. Social culture is the behavior and action of the environment or human created believes values, knowledge and practices. The decision making, leadership style communication style of mgt is influenced by social culture.

There are three ways through which social culture affect mgtCulture changes Work ethic Social responsibility Culture is changing in nature. Two changes may occurMove to a new culture Gradual changes in the existing one

Emp of the org must adopt both the changes and social culture should avoid the negative consequences. Cultural shock may happen to a person when he changes his position.

Dual career couple is the recent development in the field of gradual changes in social culture. In this system if a partner transfers another try to resist it. It may have favorable and negative effect.

Viewing the work as imp and desirable goal in life. The emp who believes in work ethic have stronger commitment. Work ethic originates from two sourcesReligious values (View work as the service of god) Secular values (necessity of life) Level of work ethic has decline over times because of emergence of some social values Leisure ethic Desire for intimacy Changes in social policy Laws

Social responsibility is the realization and recognition that every org have some responsibility in the society and every org must have some influence on social system.

Organizational culture
Organizational culture is the set of assumptions, believes, values and norms that are shared by the organization members and that influence their behavior as individual and as groups.

Characteristics of Org culture

1. OC may be created by the org members consciously or may emerge over time. 2. OC may concerned with the entire org or a particular part 3. OC provides an organizational identity and this identity creates a sense of security and prestige to the emp that ultimately stimulates the enthusiasm of the emp to carry out assigned job in the best possible way

4.OC is distinct in nature.

5.It is more or less stable. It can not be modified according to the wish of the emp at any time. 6.OC is implicit.

7.It is the symbolic presentation of underlying beliefs and values, symbols and procedures, mission and goals of the org.

8.OC is accepted gradually by the most if the emp, not by the all. 9.most of the time OC is originated from the key person of the org. 10.OC may be strong or weak or may be favorable and unfavorable, this difference of OC depends on the degree of influence of OC on the behavior of the emp.