Reading Textbook (and Translating)

Reading (text)
Transfer of meaning Language proposition features

pronunciation Vocabulary grammar

Basic skill
1. Identify TYPES of Sentences 2. Analyze Sentences into CHUNKS

Types of Sentences
Command Leave! Lets Go! Move! Get out of here! Statement The lecturer is leaving. Hes not going to teach. Question Whos moving next door? Did you leave after me? Exclamation What a nice weather!

Simple sentences

S+P S + Predicate S+V S+V+O S+V+C S+V+A S + Verb S + Object S + Complement S + Adverbial

1. The dean is speaking.

2. The dean spoke to his assistant.

S
S S V

V
C

3. The dean is Javanese.

4. The dean went to the auditorium.

Mr Lee taught me a lesson on self defence.

O2

O1

Mr Lee taught a lesson on self defence me.

O1

O2

Parts of speech
Noun Verb (kata benda nominal) (kata kerja aksi)

Adjective
Adverb

(kata sifat deskriptif)

(kata keterangan)

S
NOUN

V
ACTION/RELATION

O
NOUN

The instructor Students

gave enter

instruction building

The road

needs

pavement

Adverb
4.1 The dean is speaking in the auditorium. where 4.2 The dean spoke to his assistant slowly. How 4.3 The dean was in his office just now. where when 4.4 This morning the dean read seriously in his room. when How where

5. The dean is speaking in the auditorium. 6. The dean spoke to his assistant slowly.

The dean of the destistry faculty spoke to his assistant slowly in the auditorium.
7. The dean is purely Javanese. 8. The dean himself went to the auditorium.

The dean of the destistry faculty, who is purely Javanese, went to the auditorium and spoke to his assistant .

Extension ..
WORD (kata & bentukan kata)
1. Original 2. Formation/derivation

PHRASE (kelompok kata) CLAUSE (kalimat bersusun)

1. Original word stone age rolling stone stone hard

stone bridgestone

2. Formation/derivation - inflection to move a move movement long length to lengthen

S + V action
The chairman is speaking. (Listen to him) He has spoken twice today. Did he speak to you about the survey? He was speaking when I entered the room. He had spoken before I asked him to. He will speak in the conference tomorrow. He cannot speak at the moment; he has a toothache. Speak up, please.

Non-actional verbs
Speaking is his skill. This is a no speaking area. English speaking. All welcome. Her beauty becomes the object of speaking. Todays speaking topic is how to study effectively. Speaking is easy; doing is hard.

Object direct / indirect

The researcher gave us an abstract. The researcher gave an abstract to us.

Did the teacher recommend any books to us? Did the teacher recommend us any books?

Complement description
The book is good. expensive. entertaining. worthy. inspirational. The book becomes best-seller. The book looks interesting. The book seems old and out-of-date

Adverb place, time, manner

The team has gone far into the jungle.

I found this excellent watch in the pawn shop on

the seventeenth of August.

The students were doing well in the final test.

Could you speak a little bit clearly? Open the case very carefully.

The word: clear

Verb
For the show, we need to clear the stage.

Adjective
Ill have to give you assignment. Is it clear? The speech has a very clear idea, isnt it?

Adverb
Can you draw the conclusion more clearly?

Noun
This is confusing. Who can give us clarity? This old CD has no sound clarity.

 At the middle of the night, the owl feed.

Phrase
noun adjective adverb preposition

The center of the earth consists of magma.

Let me show you the beauty of our

country.

Smart students dont behave so foolishly.

Can you give me one good advice about learning English? The students union has organized a peaceful demo on petrols price rise.

CHUNK
Part of sentence that can be considered as forming a meaningful phrase.

Subject CHUNK
The students in blue jackets gathered in the field.

The students of the medical faculty in blue jackets gathered in the field.
The third year of medical students wearing blue jackets with other students from several faculties gathered in the field.

Students of the last semester who have finished their final assignment on research methodology gathered in the field.

Verb CHUNK
The students gathered in the field. The students have gathered in the field. The students are being gathered in the field. The students will soon gather in the field.

The students must have gathered in the field.

Object CHUNK
The instructor gathered the students in the field.

The instructor gathered the students in blue jackets in the

field. The instructor gathered the medical students in blue jackets in the field. The instructor gathered the third year of medical students in blue jackets who have submitted final assignment on research methodology in the field.

Adverb CHUNK
The students gathered in the field. The students gathered in the football field. The students gathered in the green football field in front of

the building.
The students gathered in the green football field in front of

the law faculty building on the left of the main office.