PRESERVATION AND CONSERVATION

BALANCE IN NATURE
1.

A Habitat is an area where a group of organisms live A community is a group of animals nor plants that live together in a habitat An ecosystem is a system formed by the interaction of animals and plants with the habitat

2.

3.

BALANCE IN NATURE
4. Balance in nature is an interaction between biotic and a biotic components to form a system that can support the habitat 5. Natural Cycles such as :

a. Water cycle b. Carbon cycle c. Nitrogen cycle

CARBON CYCLE

NITROGEN CYCLE

WATER CYCLE

FOOD CHAIN AND FOOD WEBS

FOOD CHAIN AND FOOD WEB

1.

2. 3. 4. 5.

Plants are known as PRODUCER because they are able to make their own food through PHOTOSYNTHESIS Animals are consumer because they cannot make their own food Food chain is a series of living things each of which is eaten b the next line Food web is a series of interlinked food chain There are three types of consumer which are primary consumer, secondary consumer and tertiary consumer

FOOD CHAIN

FOOD WEB

EXERCISE

NATURAL DISASTER

NATURAL DISASTER
1.

Drought - Land become very dry - Plants and animals die Floods - Cause destruction to plants and animals - Lead to erosion and landslides

2.

3. Typhoons - Cause destruction to all plants in a habitat - Animals use tree for shelter and protection against predators 4. Earthquake - Can last only for 1 minute - Cause destruction and loss of lives

5.

Volcanic Eruption - Cause destruction of surrounding areas - Destruction of habitat - Cause acid rain

DROUGHT

CAUSES

CAUSES

FLOOD

CAUSES

CAUSES

CAUSES

VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS

CAUSES REDUCE THE RATE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS

CAUSES

SILTATION

AIR POLLUTION

TYPHOON

CAUSES

EARTHQUAKE

CAUSES

CAUSES

CAUSES

NATURAL DISASTER

DEFORESTATION

CAUSES OF DEFORESTATION

Ways to maintain the balance in nature

1.

2.

3.

4.

Control logging and clearing activities Prevent the hunting of animals to avoid extinction of certain species Control the excessive usage of pesticides and insecticides Reduce the usage of fossil fuel

Control logging and clearing activities

Prevent the hunting of animals

Control the excessive usage of pesticides and insecticides

Reduce the usage of fossil fuels

EXERCISE

EXERCISE

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Environmental pollution is defined as an undesirable biological chemical or physical change of the environment caused by human activities 2. Example of pollution are a. Air Pollution b. Water Pollution c. Soil Pollution d. Noise Pollution e. Solid and hazardous waste pollution
1.

EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

1.

2.

3.

4.

Deterioration of human health Endangering wildlife animals leading to the extinction of species Loss of economic resources Destruction of habitats and nature

EXERCISE

Earth Hour (26th March 2010)

GLOBAL WARMING

GLOBAL WARMING

Global Warming
1.

2.

3.

Global warming is the increase in the average temperature in the world The dense layer of carbon dioxide traps the suns heat around the earth, creating GREENHOUSE EFFECT GREENHOUSE effect is due to the increase of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Human Activities

Human Activities

Human Activities

Human Activities

Ways to reduce effect of greenhouse

1.

2.
3.

Reduce the use of fossil fuels Control logging activities Practise reforestation to replace logged plants, this will balance the consumption and production of carbon dioxide in nature

Use of Pesticides

Spray of Pesticides

Ozone Layer

Ozone Layer
1.

2.

3.

Ozone is a gas made up of molecules consisting of three oxygen atoms each Found in the stratosphere. Importance Helps to protect the earth from excess ultraviolet light from the sun

Use of Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC)

Refrigerator 2. Air Conditioner 3. Aerosol Spray

1.

Effects of Ozone Depletion

1.

2.
3.

Causes Cataract Less resistant to disease Damage crops and resulting of low yield

Formation of Ozone Layer

Splitting Ozone

Importance of Ozone Layer

Absorb 95%-99% most of harmful ultraviolet radiation

Manufactured Substance destroyed ozone layer

Very Stable and Strong Ultraviolet Radiation can break it down

When it goes to atmosphere it will be broken down by Ultraviolet Radiation and release active Chlorine atom

Chlorine atom acts on Ozone layer and form Oxygen Molecule and Chlorine monoxide

Chlorine monoxide reacts with oxygen atom to reform oxygen molecule and chlorine atom

Chlorine atom destroy another ozone molecule and depletes another ozone molecule

It reduces another oxygen atom that is used to form OZONE

One Chlorine atom can destroy 100,000 ozone molecule

EXERCISE

Pollution Control
1.

2.

Control the use of fossil fuels Control the disposal of industries waste - Enforce rules to control the disposal of gases and toxic waste - Treat toxic waste before disposed off -Radioactive waste should be stored in lead and concrete

Act