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Overview
RINEX Raw GPS static data format for data processing and archive NMEA Standard related to data communication between marine electronics devices. Transmission of GPS position from GPS receiver to other devices (e.g. GPS receiver to PDA) For real time positioning RTCM SC-104 Transmission of GPS correction from GPS reference station to GPS Rover For DGPS/RTK surveys
Outline
Example of using NMEA Data Format About NMEA Message Format and Sentence Structure Common NMEA Messages
GPS receiver
ArcPAD software
About NMEA
Developed by National Marine Electronics Association Standard related to the marine electronics devices (GPS, echosounder, ) Standard specifies the message formats for data transmission between marine electronics devices
What is NMEA ?
Not all messages related to GPS application. Even GPS-related messages, there are over 20 various types. For a GPS survey, only some messages are selected.
$aaaaa, df1,df2
Each message start with $ Five characters after $ are address field Multiple data fields delimited by commas Up to 82 characters per each sentence
Sentence structure
Talker: data from GPS receiver to other devices. Query: receive device (e.g. notebook) send query sentence to GPS receiver for specified messages. Proprietary: non-standard sentence developed by GPS manufacturers for special purposes.
Talker sentence
Format: $ttsss, df1, df2[CR][LF] tt: defines device (GPS receivers the prefix is GP) sss: message type
Example
$GPGGA,031956,2218.2035,N,11410.7595,E,1,04,3,9,005.9,M,-001.3,M,,*51
Field Message ID UTC Time Latitude N/S Indicator Longitude E/W Indicator Position Fix Satellites Used HDOP Altitude Altitude Units Geoid Separation Separation Units Time since DGPS DGPS Station ID Checksum
Comments hhmmss.sss ddmm.mmmm N = North, S = South dddmm.mmmm E = East, W = West 0 = Invalid, 1 = Valid SPS, 2 = Valid DGPS, 3 = Valid PPS Satellites being used Horizontal dilution of precision Altitude (WGS-84 ellipsoid) M= Meters Geoid separation M= Meters in seconds always begin with *
*1F
(satellite in view)
$GPGSV,3,1,10,20,78,331,45,01,59,235,47,22,41,069,,13,32,252,45*70 Comments No. of messages in complete (1Sequence no. of this entry (1-3) Range is 1-32 Elevation in degrees Azimuth in degrees Signal to noise ratio dBHZ (0-99) Range is 1-32 Elevation in degrees Azimuth in degrees
First epoch
Second epoch
References