Let us know about Anterior Tibial Artery Posterior Tibial Artery Dorsal Pedis Artery Peroneal Artery

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Popliteal Artery
Anterior Tibial Artery Posterior Tibial Artery Dorsal Pedis Artery Peroneal Artery
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It is the main artery of anterior compartment of leg. It carries blood to anterior compartment of the leg and dorsal surface of the foot, from the popliteal artery. It is accompanied by a deep vein, the anterior tibial vein, along its course. It crosses the anterior aspect of the ankle joint, at which point it becomes the dorsalis pedis artery.
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Origin:- It is the smaller terminal branch of

Popliteal artery.

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Course:- It begin on the back of leg at the lower

border of the Popliteus, opposite the Tibial Tuberosity. It enter the anterior compartment of leg by passing forward close to fibula, through an opening in the upper part of intersseous membrane. In the Anterior compartment,it run vertically downword to a point midway between two Malleoli where it change its name to become the Dorsalis Pedis artery.
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Relation:In the upper one-third of the leg, the artery lie between the tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus; in the middle one-third between the tibialis anterior and extensor hallucis longus; and in the lower one-third between the extensor hallucis longus and the extensor digitorum longus.
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Branches:

Muscular branch

Anastomotic branch

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Dorsal Pedis Artery

In human anatomy, the dorsalis pedis artery (dorsal artery of foot), is a blood vessel of the lower limb that carries oxygenated blood to the dorsal surface of the foot. It arises at the anterior aspect of the ankle joint and is a continuation of the anterior tibial artery. It terminates at the proximal part of the first intermetatarsal space, where it divides into two branches, the first dorsal metatarsal artery and the deep plantar artery.
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Origin:- It is the
continuatin of Anterior Tibial Artery on the dorsum of the foot. Structure of Anterior Tibial Artery is explained in figure.

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Palpation of the dorsalis pedis artery pulse

The dorsalis pedis artery pulse can be palpated readily lateral to the extensor hallucis longus tendon (or medially to the extensor digitorum longus tendon) on the dorsal surface of the foot, distal to the dorsal most prominence of the navicular bone which serves as a reliable landmark for palpation. It is often examined, by physicians, when assessing whether a given patient has peripheral vascular disease. It is absent, unilaterally or bilaterally, in 2-3% of young healthy individuals.
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Course:- The artery begin in front of ankle

between the two malleoli. It pass forward along the medial side of the dorsum of foot to reach the proximal end of the first intermeta tarsal space. Here it dip downword between two head of first dorsal intersseous muscle, and end in the sole by completing the plantar arterial arch.

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Relation:Superficial:(1) Skin, fasciae and inferior extensor retinaculum. (2) Extensor hallucis brevis. Deep:(1)Capsular Ligament of ankle joint. (2) The talus, nevicular and intermediate cuneiform bones and ligaments connecting them. Medial:- Extensor hallucis longus. Lateral:(1)First tendon of the extensor digitorum longus. (2) Medial terminal branch of deep peroneal nerve.
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Branches:

The lateral tarsal artery. Medial tarsal artery Arcuate artery First dorsal metatarsal artery

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Posterior Tibial Artery:The posterior tibial artery of the lower limb carries blood to the posterior compartment of the leg and plantar surface of the foot, from the popliteal artery. It is accompanied by a deep vein, the posterior tibial vein, along its course.

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Begining and course:- It begins at the lower

border of popliteus between the tibia and fibula deep to the gastrocnemius. It enter back of leg by passing deep to the tendinous arch of the soleus. In the leg it run downward and slightly medially, to reach the posteromedial side of ankle, midway between the medial malleous and medial tobercle of the calcaneum. It terminate deep to the flexor retinaculum by dividing into the lateral and medial plantar artries.
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Relations:- The posterior tibial artery lies successively

upon Tibialis posterior, Flexor digitorum longus, tibia, and the back of ankle-joint. It is covered by the deep transverse fascia of leg, which separates it from the Gastrocnemius and Soleus; at its termination it is covered by the Abductor hallucis. In the lower third of the leg, where it is more superficial, it is covered only by the integument and fascia, and runs parallel with the medial border of tendo calcaneus. It is accompanied by two veins, and by tibial nerve, which lies at first to the medial side of the artery, but it crosses posteriorly, and is in the greater part of its course on its lateral side. Behind the medial malleolus, Tendons, bloodvessels, and nerve are arranged, under cover of the laciniate ligament, in Garg.m8@gmail.com following order from medial to lateral side.

Branches:

It typically gives rise to the fibular artery. It also gives rise to medial plantar artery and lateral plantar artery. In addition a calcaneal branch to the medial aspect of the calcaneus.

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Clinical anatomy:- The posterior tibial

artery pulse can be readily palpated posterior and inferior to the medial malleolus and is often examined by physicians when assessing a patient for peripheral vascular disease. It is very rarely absent in young and healthy individuals; in a study of 547 healthy individuals only one person did not have a palpable posterior tibial artery. It is easily palpated over Pimenta's Point.
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Peroneal Artery :- In anatomy, the peroneal

artery (also known as the fibular artery) supplies blood to the lateral compartment of the leg and is typically a branch of posterior tibial artery.

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Structure:The fibular artery branches off the posterior tibial artery in the upper part of the leg proper, just below the knee. It runs downward in the deep posterior compartment of the leg, just medial to the fibula. It supplies a perforating branch to both lateral and anterior compartments of the leg; it also provides a nutrient artery to the fibula. The fibular artery is accompanied by small veins (venae comitantes) known as fibular veins.
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Course and Relation:It begins 2.5cm below the lower border of the popliteus. It run obliquely toward the fibula and descends along the medial crest of the fibula, accompanied by the nerve to the flexor hallucis longus. It pass behind the inferior tibiofibular and ankle joint, medial to peroneal tendons, and terminates by dividing into a number of lateral calcanean branches.
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Branches:

Communication branch to anterior tibial artery. Perforating branch to Anterior lateral malleolar artery. A calcaneal branch to the lateral part of the calcaneus.

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Thank You
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