INTRODUCTION TO ROAD CONSTRUCTION

Major BOQ items in Road Construction

Site Clearance Roadway Excavation Embankment Filling Sub base construction Construction of Structures Base Construction Shoulder Construction Surface Treatment

Embankment Filling Surface dressing Shoulder

Base Sub grade

Sub base

TYPICAL CROSS SECTION OF A ROAD

Site Clearing
It is the first operation to be done in highway earth work It consists of removing removing trees, stumps, roots and top soil

Road way Excavation

Road way excavation consist of all excavation within the limits of road way required for road way construction

Embankment Construction
An embankment is necessary when ever it is required to raise the grade line of a road above the ground level

Embankment Filling

Sub grade
Sub grade is the lowest point of the pavement structure It is the level at which excavation ceases and construction starts It is also known as the formation level

Construction of Structures
Hume pipe Culverts Box Culverts Bridges Retaining Walls

Sub base Construction

Sub base is the layer immediately over the sub grade Sub base is designed to evenly spread the load from the base to sub grade It facilitates drainage of free water that might get accumulated below the base. Naturally formed gravel with required properties can be used as sub base material

Base Construction
The Base,which comes immediately over the sub base, is the medium through which the stresses imposed are distributed evenly. Generally it is constructed using rock based products In most of road constructions in Sri Lanka, the Aggregate Base Course (ABC ) is used as the base construction material

Shoulder Construction
Shoulder is a portion of roadway and is intended for Lateral support of base and surface courses Accommodation of pedestrians Accommodation for stopped vehicles Emergency use

Surface Course
Surface Course is the top most layer and function of the surface course are, To perform as a structural portion of the pavement To resist the abrasive forces of the traffic To reduce the amount of surface water penetrating the pavement To provide a smooth, uniform and skid resistant surface.

Surface Course Cont.

Most used Surfacing out of modern methods are Double Bitumen Surface Treatment Asphalt Concreting

DBST

DBST

Thank You