REFORESTATION

WITH THE
PERMACULTURE
OF OIL-BEARING
TREES
A WAPON AGAINST
GLOBAL WARMING

PROF. HANS-JÜRGEN FRANKE

JATROPHA-RESEARCH-NET
ARACAJU - BRAZIL – 2008
E-Mail: franke.hans.brasil@gmail.com
Telefon: 00-55-79-3243-2209
REFORESTATION
WITH THE
PERMACULTURE INNOVATIVE GREEN-BELT-
OF POLITICS
OIL-BEARING
TREES IN SOUTH-EUROPE AND
TURKEY
k

A WAPON AGAINST
GLOBAL WARMING
TO STOP DESERTIFICATION
The process of Global Warming is quasi irresistible , therefore
ECO-SYSTEM- we must act
HAZARDS now. Recent Forest-Fire-Catastrophes in Portugal, Spain,
Greece and Turkey are beginning to motivate
Governments , Communities and Non-Governmantal-
Organisations to rethink strategies , aiming the
implantation of innovative green-belt-politics , to stop
the process of latent desertification.

DRY-LAND

JATROPHA-EXPERIMENT IN LUXOR
In the desert of Egypt near Luxor a group of international
cientists made studies about more than 30 desert-trees,
to identify a specie with adequate characteristic to
survive in desert regions. The winner was the oil-bearing
tree JATROPHA CURCAS. Jatropha is a tree with deep
roots , drought-resistent and able to survive with brakish
water. This jatropha-plantation near Luxor, using water
from o sewage-plant really demonstrated high yield pro
FOREST FIRE year, reaching about 3.000 liters of plant-oil .

Based on the result of this experimental plantation

research-groups are developing concepts to meliorate
the yield of this wild specie , which needs some more
genetical studies. The team of desert-research in the
Jacob Blaustein Institute in Israel is just researching the
genome of desert-trees with deep roots.

It would be interesting fore the biofdiesel-industry to receive

soon seedlings of jatropha curcas , with melioration of
the deep-root-system, inoculating characteristics of
WATER-DEFICIENCY some other desert-trees like pistachio or argan-tree, with
elevated condition to create deep tap-roots. By this
way we can make great plantations in wasteland or
dry-regions like caatinga or cerrado in Brazil or even in
the borderland in the south of Turkey near the frontier
with Syria.

NECESSITY OF AN INTERNATIONAL TASK-FORCE

The Government of Turkey must convocate an international

 STRATEGICAL SIGNIFICANCE
OF A
TURKISH JATROPHA-
PROGRAM
PERMACULTURE
WITH OIL-BEARING TREES

EMPLOYMENT AND INCOME

REGIONAL PRODUCTION OF JATROPHA-

DIESEL
BRINGS ENERGY-AUTONOMY
The Region between the Taurus-Mountains and the
Frontier with Syria is just a district with cultivation of
INCREASE OF WATER olives. The countrymen of this region are able to
diversify , able to plant also oilbearing trees for the
production of biodiesel, to help by this way, to
increase a local energy-autonomy, avoiding an
expensive import of fossil petroleum.
CREATION OF EMPLOYMENT AND INCOME
IN REMOTE REGIONS
The creation of nurseries and great plantations will increase
regional working-power and meliorate the income of local
LUCRATIVE PERMACULTURE familar agriculture . By this way we can avoid migration from
remote regions.
REVITALISATION OF WASTELAND
COMBATE OF GLOBAL WARMING
The generation of extensive areas with the clouding of the hot
and dry ground can help to reduce the temperature of
microrregions and will be an important contribution , to
downsize global warming.
INCREASE OF WATER QUANTITY IN DRY AREAS
WITH DEEP-ROOT TREES
MIX OF DIFFERENT Jatropha, Jojoba , Pongamia are species with deep roots ,
OILBEARING TREES producing a more permeable land, with increase of water-
retention , creating less drought and a better climate –
situation.
MORE PRODUCTIVITY WITH CULTURE-MIX
Plantations in form of green fences will avoid erosion and
create good conditions for a crop-mix , avoiding competion
between DISH and TANK. Jatropha , Jojoba and Pongamia are
durable perma-cultures with lifetime beween 50 and 150
years.
CREATION OF LUCRATIVE PERMACULTURE CAN PUSH
REVITALISATION-PROGRAMS
JOJOBA-FARMING
Politics of revitalisation of wasteland often are suffering
boycott, because with lack of profit nobody will participate in
ecological projects.
The Governments of States with interest, to push the
bioenergy-production, need to cooperate with university-
research, to find out an optimized concept and masterplan for
a lucrative mixture of oil-bearing trees and plantation-
 JACOB BLAUSTEIN INSTITUT OF DESERT
RESEARCH
STUDIES THE GNOM OF DESERT-TREES

Gen-Technology is able to criate green belts , to stop the

desert. The life of millions of people is endangered , if
we are not able to live together with the danger of
drought in regions with few water.
In the middle of the Negev-Desert the Jacab Blaustein
Institut is making advanced research to study the
HOW TO TRANSFORM THE GNOM OF
OIL-BEARING TREES LIKE JATROPHA ,
charteristics of desert-plants and trees, even the
CREATING DEEP TAP-ROOTS ?
metabolic engineering of micro-algae like
cyanobacterias.

SEMI-ARID REGIONS NEAR

MOUNTAINS HAVE ALWAYS A LOT
OF GROUND-WATER , BUT THE
FARMING NEEDS IN THE BEGINNING
ARTIFICIAL IRRIGATION.
PERMACULTURES WITH DEEP-
ROOTS CAN SURVIVE IN THE SEMI-
DESERT.

PISTACHIO-TREE NEAR THE INSTITUT

BIOTECHNOLOGY OF PLANTS AND TREES OF

DESERT-REGIONS

The scientists in Bersheva / Israel are making studies

about the genome of different trees, with deap roots
and with high lifetime .

The hard conditions of survival in desert-regions is

leading to a strong selection of species and only the
best adapted plants in the desert will resiste . These
plants and trees are developping especial genetic
characteristics , to subsiste with stress, strong solar
irradiation, extrem heat, long periods of dryness and
saliniferous soils .

Near the Jacob Blaustein Institut exist um pistachio-tree,

more than 300 years old. Cientist began to decrypt the
genetical code of this pistachio. They discovered a gene
, responsible for the stress-resistance of this tree and
detected it in the pullulate. They called the enzyme with
the name " Dehydrin" . With this information began a
lot of research. Mapping this Dehydrin-Gen they
OLIVE-TREE – 1700 YEARS OLD
resolved, to transplant this genetical information in
other plants. By this way other species are able to
survive better in deserts or semi-arid regions. This
innovation allows , to produce food in dry regions or to
 HOW TO TRANSFER TECHNOLGY FOR A FUTURE
JATROPHA – PILOT-PROJECT IN TURKEY
The Turkish Goverment and the Association ALBIYOBIR need to organize in a 5 Year-
Program a national MEGA-PROJECT JATROPHA , aiming with priority the Region of the
South of Turkey, near the frontier with Syria, forming a PUBLIC-PRIVATE-PARTNERSHIP
( Companies, Cooperatives and Research-Insitutions, with help of an International
Consultant-Team). Important is the future cooperation with Germany, Israel and Brazil.
Turkey can realize this enterprise in a few years. Jatropha needs 4 years to produce.
The lifetime of Jatropha: 50 years , of Jojoba : 150 years. In Permaculture-Farming we can
1.STEP:
develop a crop-mix, to avoid monoculture.
CREATION OF MEGA-NURSERIES OF JATROPHA IN
DIFFERENT REGIONS

2. STEP:
TRANSFER OF KNOW – HOW OF JATROPHA FARMING
JATROPHA-DIESEL – NET : COMPETENCE – NETWORK
EXPERIENCES FROM EUROPE, INDIA , AFRICA AND LATINAMERICA

3. STEP :
DECENTRALISATION OF THE INDUSTRIAL PROCESSING
IN UNITS
SMALL: 20.000.000 LITERS ( 7.000 HECTARE ) TO MEDIUM: 50.000.000 LITERS
(16.000 HECTARE)

MINI MEDIUM – SCALE – REFINERY TO

BIODIESEL – UNITS PRODUCE
BIODIESEL WITH EU-NORM EN 14214