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TO INFINITY
AND BEYOND
Table of contents
v The Birth Of The Universe As Said By The Big-Bang Theory
4-6
v Introduction To Galaxies
7
The Galaxy Itself
8
Renowned Galaxies
9 - 14
v The Study On Galaxies
15 – 18
v Its General Properties
19 – 21
v Types of Galaxies
22 - 23
Spiral Galaxies
24 – 25
Elliptical Galaxies
26 – 27
v A Closer Look On Space Explorations
28
The brightest star on a cloudless night
Some kind of miracle, almost empty sky...
Just as the bite of the blade wakes the absent
mind
There's time to dream and there's time to open
your eyes.
THE BIRTH OF THE
UNIVERSE AS SAID BY
THE big-bang theory
According to the big-bang theory, at the
beginning of time, all of the matter and energy in
the universe was concentrated in a very dense
state, from which it "exploded," with the resulting
primordial fireball being stretched to long
wavelengths by the expansion of the universe. This
"big bang" is dated between 10 and 20 billion years
ago. In this initial state, the universe was very hot
and contained a thermal soup of quarks, electrons,
photons, and other elementary particles. The
temperature rapidly decreased. As the universe
cooled, the quarks condensed into protons and
neutrons, the building blocks of atomic nuclei. Some
of these were converted into helium nuclei by
fusion; the relative abundance of hydrogen and
helium is used as a test of the theory. After many
millions of years the expanding universe, at first a
very hot gas, thinned and cooled enough to
According to the Big Bang model, the universe
expanded from an extremely dense and hot state and
continues to expand today. A common and useful analogy
(seen above) explains that space itself is expanding,
carrying galaxies with it, like raisins in a rising loaf of
If people sat outside
and looked at the stars
every night,
I'll bet they'd live a lot
differently.
INTRODUCTION TO
GALAXIES
The galaxy itself
A galaxy, a large aggregation of stars, gas, and dust, is
typically a group of billions of stars held close together by
gravity. The name is from the Greek root “galaxias”,
meaning "milky," a reference to the Milky Way galaxy.
Typical galaxies range from dwarfs with as few as ten
million stars up to giants with one trillion stars, all orbiting a
common center of mass. Galaxies can also contain many
multiple star systems, star clusters, and various interstellar
clouds.
http://www.utata.org/project/uppp/
Research done by:
Karen See
Gio Andre
Madduma
John Allan Yayen
Andrialene
Anticuando
Angela Gapuz
Reynold Zuniga
Of HS 1- St. Agnes
REFERENCES
vhttp://kids.yahoo.com/reference/encyclopedia/entry?id=galaxy
vhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxy
vhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_galaxies#List_of_named_galaxies
vhttp://www.spacequotations.com/stars.html
vhttp://www.worldalmanacforkids.com/WAKI-ViewArticle.aspx?pin=wwwwak-
246&article_id=557&chapter_id=12&chapter_title=Science&article_title=Spac
e_Exploration
vhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/pchee/830995576/
vhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/lumase/3085585278/
vhttp://kids.yahoo.com/reference/encyclopedia/entry?id=cosmolog
vhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big-bang_theory
vhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_armstrong
vhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Space_exploration
vKid’s World Almanac 2008