Universitatea Constantin Brancusi Facultatea de Inginerie Specializarea : Inginerie Industriala Grupa 111 B Studenti : Pufu Marius-Madalin Mocircioiu Ionut

Stirban Cornel Vladutoiu Alexandru

Content 1.Spain 2.Hystory 3.Geography 4.Tourism 5.Transport 6.Peoples 7.Sport 8.FC Barcelona 9.Opinion 10.Bibliography

Spain officially the Kingdom of Spain ( Spanish: Reino de Espaa ) is a country and member states of the European Union , located in southwestern Europe , on the Iberian Peninsula. Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar, to the north by France , Andorra , and the Bay of Biscay , and to the Northwest and west by the Atlantic Ocean and Portugal.

Spanish territory also includes the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean , the Canary Islands in the Atlantic Ocean off the Africa coast , and two autonomous cities in North Africa , Ceuta and Melilla , that border Morocco. Because of its location the teritorry of Spain was subject to many external influences since prehistoric times and trough to its dawn as a country.Spain emerged as a unified country in the 15th century , following the marriage of the Catholic Monarchs and the completion of the reconquest , or Reconquista of the Iberian Peninsula in 1492.

HISTORY The first known Peoples of present-day Spain were the Celts and the Iberians. After an arduous conquest , the Iberian Peninsula became a region of the Roman Empire known as Hispania.During the early Middle Ages it came under Germanic rule , but later was conquered by Muslim invaders.Through a very long and fitful process , the Christian kingdoms in the north gradually rolled back Muslim rule , finally extinguishing its last remnant in granada in 1492 , the same year Columb reached the Americas.

Cristofor Columb

A global empire began which saw Spain become the strongest kingdom in Europe and the leading world power in the 16th century and first half of the 17th century. Continued wars and other problems eventually led to a diminished status. The French invasion of Spain in the early 19th century led to chaos , triggering independence movements that tore apart more of the empire and left the country politically unstable.

In the 20th century it suffered a devastating civil war and came under the rule of the authoritarian government , leadind to years of stagnation , but finishing in an impressive economic surge.Democracy was restored in 1978 in the form of a parliamentary constitutional monarchy.In 1986 , Spain joined the European Union , experiencing a cultural renaissance and steady economic growth.

Geography Spain lies between latitudes 26 and 44 N and longitudes 19 W and 5 E. On the west , Spain borders Portugal , on the south , it borders Gibraltar and Morocco through its exclaves in North Africa.On the northeast , along the Pyrenees mountain range , it borders France and the tiny principality of Andorra.Along the Pyrenees in Catalonia , a small exclave town called Llivia is surrounded by France.

The Pyrenees

Tourism
During the last four decades the Spanish Tourism industry has grown to become the second biggest in the world , worth approximately 40 billion , about 5% of GDP in 2006.Today , the climate of Spain , historical and cultural monuments and its geographic position togheter with its facilities make tourism one of Spains main national industries and a large source of stable employment and development.The Spanish hotel star rating system has requirements much more demanding than other European countries , so at a given rating Spanish accommodations worth higher.

El Sardinero Beach

Transport The Spanish road system is mainly centralized , with 6 highways connecting Madrid to the Basque Country , Catalonia , Valencia , Wast Andalusia , Extremandura and Galicia. Spain boasts the most extensive highspeed rail network in Europe , ant the second most extensive in the world after China.Spain has a total of 3500 km of high speed train linking Malaga , Seville , Madrid , Barcelona , Valencia and Valladolid reaching speeds up to 300 km/h.
AVE Barcelona - Madrid

Peoples

The Spanish Constitution of 1978 , in its second article , recognises historic entities (nationalities , a carefully chosen word in order to avoid the more politically charged nations) and regions , within the context of the Spanish nation.For some people , Spains identity consists more of an overlap of different regional identities than of a sole Spanish identity.Indeed , some of the regional identities may even conflict with the Spanish one.Distinct traditional regional identities within Spain include the Basques , Catalans , Galicians , and others.

Sport

Sport in Spain has been dominated by football since the early 20th century.Real Madrid C.F. and FC Barcelona are two of the most succesfull football clubs in the world.The countrys national football team won the UEFA European Football Championship in 1964 and 2008 and the FIFA World Cup in 2010.Basketball , tennis , cycling , handball , motorcycling and lately , Formula One are also important due to the presence of Spanish champions in all these.

Camp Nou

Today , Spain is a major world powerhouse , especially since the 1992 Summer Olympics that were hosted in Barcelona , which stimulated a great deal of interest in sports in the country.The tourism industry has led to an improvement in sports infrastructure , especially for water sports , golf and skiing. Rafael Nadal is the leading Spanish Player and has won several Grand Slam titles including the Wimbledon 2010 mens single.

Rafael Nadal

FC BARCELONA
FC Barcelona is a Spanish professional football club , based in Barcelona , Spain. They play in La Liga , and is one of the only three clubs to have never been relegated , along with Athletic Bilbao and rival Real Madrid.FC Barcelona is the second most successful club in Spanish football in terms of overall trophies , having won twenty-one La liga titles , a record twenty-five Spanish Cups , nine Spanish Super Cups and two League Cups.In 2009 , Barcelona became the first club in Spain to win the treble consisting of La Liga , Copa del Rey and the Champions League.

Opinion

Bibliography www.google.ro http://en.wikipedia.org

The End