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Mechanical System Verification

LVDT Calibration

Use NIST traceable micrometer Eight point calibration


Acceptance Criteria

Near zero intercept R-squared > 0.99

Mechanical System Verification


Load Cell Zero

Use strain indicator Measure load cell zero reading Used to determine if load cell has been fatigued or overstrained
Acceptance Criteria
Zero reading < 1.5 % of full-scale sensitivity

Mechanical System Verification


Load Cell Calibration Certificates

Check laboratory documentation to determine last NIST traceable calibration

Acceptance Criteria

NIST traceable calibration within one year

Mechanical System Verification


Load Cell Calibration Verification

Requires NIST traceable proving rings


Utilizes static loading

Verifies load cell calibration


Measures unwanted friction Measures unwanted bending and deflections

Mechanical System Verification


Load Cell Calibration Verification

Procedure
Figure A.1. 500 lb Static (Ramp) Testing, Load versus Time
500 450 400 350

Load, lb

300 250 200 150 100 50 0 0 50 100 150 200 Tim e, sec 250 300 350 400

Apply static (ramp) load from 10 90% of proving ring capacity @ 10% intervals Register load cell/LVDT readings with data acquisition system

Read dial gauge on proving ring

Mechanical System Verification


Load Cell Calibration Verification

Acceptance Criteria
500
Load Cell Value, lb

400 300 200 100 0 0

Replicate 1 Upper Load Limit Lower Load Limit

100

200

300

400

500

Proving Ring Load, lb

Load cell reading versus proving ring load values, run #1

Proving ring versus load cell value within 5% of each other Proving ring dial gauge versus LVDT reading within 5% of each other

Mechanical System Verification


Dynamic Response

Verify overall equipment ability to conduct Resilient Modulus testing


Verify data acquisition process Verify data format

Mechanical System Verification


Dynamic Response

Procedure
Remove dial gauge from proving ring Use external LVDTs or internally mounted LVDT for displacement measurements Apply haversine shaped load pulse (.1 seconds on, .9 seconds off)

Mechanical System Verification


Dynamic Response

Procedure (continued)
Apply dynamic load from 10 90% of proving ring capacity @ 10% intervals

Read deformation using data acquisition system

Mechanical System Verification


Dynamic Response

Acceptance Criteria
Generated haversine close to ideal Deformation response close to haversine Deformation within 5% of standard R-square > 0.99 .002 second or less phase shift between load and deformation Ymax/Ymin < 1.10 (10%)

500.00 450.00 400.00 350.00 300.00 250.00 200.00 150.00 100.00 50.00 0.00 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 Deform ation, in 0.08

Load Cell Value, lb

Replicate 1 Upper Limit Low er Limit

0.1

0.12

Load-deformation characteristics, run #1 - 500 lb dynamic (haversine) test.

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Mechanical System Verification


Phase Angles

Dynamic sinusoidal tests


Verify overall system electronics (phase angle measurements) Detect misalignment problems through the use of phase angle measurements
2.5

Figure A.4. Dynamic Response Check of 500 lb Proving Ring, 1 Hz


500 450 400 350

Load, lb

300 250 200 150 100 50 0 0 0.5 1 Tim e, sec 1.5 2

Acceptance Criteria
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Phase angle < 2.8 degrees

Mechanical System Verification


Triaxial Pressure Chamber

Procedure
Use autonomous pressure reading device to verify pressure

Acceptance Criteria Gauge readings 2.5 % of


target values Hold for 10 minutes

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The 3-Phase Startup Process


Verification of Electronic System
Verification of Mechanical System

Verification of Laboratory Ability to Conduct P46 Resilient Modulus Test

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Laboratory Proficiency Testing


Focuses on laboratory ability (personnel/equipment) Sample preparation Operators ability to conduct a test Proper sequence and magnitude of loading Proper data format Analysis of raw data to detect any discrepancies Investigation of within and between laboratory variability
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Laboratory Proficiency Testing


Acceptance Criteria
Vertical deformations within 30%
Approval by Representative based on visual observations Conformance to all aspects of the protocol Haversine wave form close to ideal

Deformation response reasonable


Resilient Modulus relationship reasonable
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PRESENTATION OBJECTIVES
What is the Resilient Modulus (Mr) Startup Procedure Product Line Why Mr Testing and the Startup Procedure is Important Development of the Mr Startup Procedure How to Conduct the Mr Startup Procedure

Who Should Use the Mr Testing and Startup Product Line and Why
How to Get Information on the Mr Testing and Startup Product Line
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Who Should Use the Product?


Any organization performing resilient modulus testing
State DOTs Universities Consultant laboratories

Can be used for other tests as well


Complex modulus Creep compliance Indirect tensile testing, etc.
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When Should Product Be Used?


General
Prior to starting a testing program Every year during production testing After a period of system inactivity

Other recommendations
Verify the operation of older machines for new applications When equipment is replaced When equipment is moved Whenever a suspected overload or malfunction occurs

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Uncover and Avoid Problems


Electronics

Over-ranged load cell


Inadequate filters
Amplitude roll off: 2 Hz - 50 Hz

Unmatched filters
Excessive time delay (phase angle) between channels

Filters on and off

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Uncover And Avoid Problems


Software Software not controlling the load adequately Inadequate sampling rate Raw data with no units

Automatic gain control, error range too big Lack of gain control adjustment during testing Improper raw data format command values were saved rather than the feedback values
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Uncover And Avoid Problems


Mechanical
System not fast enough to apply proper haversine loads - complete upgrade of signal conditioning and control Oversize servo-value Friction in servo-value piston Friction in triaxial cell seals Misalignment caused by improperly designed triaxial cell fixture Excessive deformation, up to 76% of total deformation due to bending of triaxial cell base plate
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Uncover And Avoid Problems


Mechanical (continued)

Excessive deformation due to unrestrained triaxial cell Slippage of LVDT holders Lack of control of pressure transducer Malfunction of air pressure regulator

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Benefits of Use
Provides guidelines for standardization of test process Provides a benchmark performance standard for equipment Minimizes equipment and operator variability Promotes greater confidence in resilient modulus testing and resulting pavement design
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Current Status of Product


P46 test procedure established Videos produced and distributed Startup procedure published Startup procedures completed

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FHWA Kansas North Carolina Minnesota University of Rhode Island Consultant laboratories

PRESENTATION OBJECTIVES
What is the Resilient Modulus (Mr) Startup Procedure Product Line Why Mr Testing and the Startup Procedure is Important Development of the Mr Startup Procedure How to Conduct the Mr Startup Procedure Who Should Use the Mr Startup Procedure and Why
How to Get Information on the Mr Startup Procedure?
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Get and Use Mr Testing and Startup Procedure Product Line


Download procedure manuals from

www.tfhrc.gov

LTPP homepage at

Order procedure manuals/videos:


Through LTPP homepage Through LTPP customer service
(Tel Number: 865-481-2967)

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