science chap 3 : excretion

Human excretion

eliminate Carbon dioaxide and water through Water, Urea and mineral salts through

Lung s

Kidney

Skin

* Cortex *Medulla *Pelvis

Urinary bladder

*Sweat gland *Sweat pores

Excretory System
Excreation is a process of removing substances that are of no use or in excess from body.
Human excretory organs are SKIN, LUNGS and KIDNEYS. If excretory products like urea, carbon dioxide, excess mineral salts and excess water are allowed to accumulate in the body, it will become poisonuis (toxic) and endanger health.

EXCRETORY ORGANS
Excretory Method SWEATING 1)The sweat glands absorbs excretory product from blood capillaries around it. 2)Sweat is eliminated from the sweat gland through sweat pores to the surface of the skin. Excretory Products Water + Mineral Salts + Urea Sweat

EXCRETORY ORGANS
Excretory Method RESPIRATION 1)Carbon dioxide in the blood capillaries diffuses into the alveolus and is eliminated from the lungs when exhaling. 2)Water is eliminated from the lungs in the form of water vapour. Water and Carbon dioxide

Excretory Products

EXCRETORY ORGANS
Excretory Method URINATION. 1)Excretory products are carried by the blood to the kidney and then eliminated as urine.
**Kidney eliminated many substances in large quantities.

Excretory Products

Water, Urea and excess Mineral Salts.

URINARY SYSTEM
1) The urinarry system is part of excretory system. 2)The uninary system cosists of : a)a pair of kidneys b)a urinary bladder c)a pair of ureters d)urethra 3) The blood carried by the renal artery to the kidney is filtered and excretory products are the eliminated from the blood as urine.

HUMAN KIDNEYS
1) The kidneys are situated to the left and right back section of the abdominal cavity. 2)Human kidneys are dark red in colour and is bean-shaped. 3)The outer part which is dark red in colour named cortex

4)The inner part which is light red in colour named medulla

5)The pelvis is the part where the ureter begin.

HUMAN KIDNEYS
ORGANS FUNCTION Ureter Channels urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

Urinary Bladder
Urethra Renal Artery Renal Vein

Stores urine

Channels urine from the urinary bladder out of the body

Transports oxygenated blood to the kidneys Transports deoxygenated blood away from the kidneys

HUMAN KIDNEYS
Functions of kidneys : a)eliminating excess water and the mineral salts in the body b)regulating the amount of water and mineral salts in the body. c)regulating the blood concentration. d)helping to removes nitrogenous substances like urea and uric acid from the body

The importance of maintaining a healthy kidney

Under normal conditions, substances like protein(amino acids) and glucose are not found in the urine.If glucose is found in the urine, it is most likely the person has diabetes. If kidneys do not function properly, toxic substances in the blood will accumulate and this will lead to death. The kidney will function properly if we : a)drink a lot of clean water. b)avoid drinking alcohol. c)reduce drinking gassy drinks. d)reduce eating food with high sugar content

PLANT EXCREATION

eliminate

Carbon dioxide, oxygen and water

Water, urea and mineral salts

Quinine and tannin

through
Leaf Stomat a

through
Tree Stem

through
Bar k

excretion in plants
Plants do not have a specific excretory system. Respiration in plants eliminates carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis eliminates excess water nfrom plants. Complex excretory products gather on LEAVES, FLOWERS, BARK, STEMS, FRUIT etc. to be dropped or eliminated. Some excretory products of plants are beneficial while some are dangerouse to humans. Some beneficial excretory products of the plants can endanger human heatlh if misused.

Beneficial Excretory Products Of Plants And Their Uses

EXCRETORY PRODUCT Latex Resin Gum Acid (tannic acids or tannin) SOURCE Rubber tree USE To make vehicle tyres To make varnish and gum To make cough madicine To make ink

Certain tree stems like the casuarina tree Certain tree stems like the acacia tree
Bark of plants like the tea, coffee and mangrove tree

Quinine

Bark of cinchona tree

Flowers or leaves of certain trees

To make to treat malaria

To make perfume and ointment for insect bites

Oil

Excretory Products Of Plants That Dangerous To Humans

EXCRETORY PRODUCT SOURCE USE

Latex
Resin Gum Acid (tannic acids or tannin) Quinine Oil

Rubber tree Certain tree stems like the casuarina tree

Certain tree stems like the acacia tree Bark of plants like the tea, coffee and mangrove tree Bark of cinchona tree Flowers or leaves of certain trees

To make vehicle tyres

To make varnish and gum To make cough madicine

To make ink
To make to treat malaria To make perfume and ointment fot insect bites