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Contents :
Six Sigma : An Overview
What is Six Sigma? Why Six Sigma? Six Sigma Phases : Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve and Control Tools and Key Roles for Six Sigma
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What is Sigma ?
A term used in statistics to represent standard deviation, an indicator of the degree of variation in a set of a process
Sigma
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Six Sigma
Sigma Level
Sigma Level (Process Capability) Defects per Million Opportunities
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3 4 5 6
308,537
66,807 6,210 233 3.4
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Sigma Level
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Sigma Level
Why not Four Sigma or 99.379% ?
Every hour the postal service would lose 20,000 pieces of mail Every day our drinking water would be unsafe for almost 15 minutes Every week there would be 5,000 surgical operations that go wrong in some way Every month we would be without electricity for almost seven hours
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Growth
Employee Pride
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Critical-to-Quality (CTQ)
Elements of a process that significantly affect the output of that process. Identifying these elements is figuring out how to make improvements that can dramatically reduce costs and enhance quality.
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Improve
DMAIC
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Control
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Define the project goals and customer (internal and external) deliverables
Measure
Analyze
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Control
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Define
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Measure
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Analyze
Identify Value/Non-Value Added Process Steps Identify Sources of Variation Determine Root Cause(s) Determine Vital Few x's, Y=f(x) Relationship
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Improve
Define
Measure
Analyze
Improve
Control
Deliverables : Fully trained team is formed, supported, and committed to work on improvement project. Team charter developed, customers identified and high impact characteristics (CTQs) defined, business process mapped.
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Define
Measure
Analyze
Improve
Control
Team Charter : Completed project management charter, including business case, problem and goal statements, project scope, milestones, roles and responsibilities, communication plan.
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Define
Measure
Analyze
Improve
Control
Checkpoints for Readiness Customers Customer(s) identified and segmented according to their different needs and requirements.
Data collected and displayed to better understand customer(s) critical needs and requirements.
Business Process Mapping Completed, verified, and validated high-level 'as is' (not 'should be' or 'could be') business process map. Completed SIPOC representation, describing the Suppliers, Inputs, Process, Outputs, and Customers.
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Define
Measure
Analyze
Improve
Control
Deliverables : Key measures identified, data collection planned and executed, process variation displayed and communicated, performance baselined, sigma level calculated.
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Define
Measure
Analyze
Improve
Control
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Define
Measure
Analyze
Improve
Control
Define
Measure
Analyze
Improve
Control
Deliverables : Data and process analysis, root cause analysis, quantifying the gap/opportunity.
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Define
Measure
Analyze
Improve
Control
Define
Measure
Analyze
Improve
Control
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Define
Measure
Analyze
Improve
Control
Deliverables : Generate (and test) possible solutions, select the best solutions, design implementation plan.
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Define
Measure
Analyze
Improve
Control
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Define
Measure
Analyze
Improve
Control
Define
Measure
Analyze
Improve
Control
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Define
Measure
Analyze
Improve
Control
Deliverables : Documented and implemented monitoring plan, standardized process, documented procedures, response plan established and deployed, transfer of ownership (project closure).
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Define
Measure
Analyze
Improve
Control
Define
Measure
Analyze
Improve
Control
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XY Matrix
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Champions
Are responsible for the Six Sigma implementation across the organization in an integrated manner. Champions also act as mentor to Black Belts.
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Black Belts
Operate under Master Black Belts to apply Six Sigma methodology to specific projects. They primarily focus on Six Sigma project execution.
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End of Material
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