Musc Action Flashcards

Anatomy Muscles Flashcards
Origins and Insertions

Intended for entry level anatomy students
Intended to be viewed as full-screen.
select full-screen, and use Page Down to scroll through individual flashcards !


Note: Learn origins and insertions of each muscle well. This is why the bony landmarks are so important. Do not memorize the function of muscles ! Muscles contract only linearly. Thus, to know the origin and insertion of a muscle is to know the function.

Note: Every muscle has a multitude of actions.

Listed are the primary actions of each muscle !

Presented in Three Parts:

I Muscles of Face, head, neck, thorax, and abdomen II Muscles of the upper extremity III Muscles of the lower extremity

Each card is a set of three: The first asks to identify the muscle. The next provides the clues. The third gives the name of the muscle.
1. Identify this muscle and its action !
Orbicularis Oculi
Origin: margin of the orbit Insertion: eyelid & skin of face Action: closes eye, blink Innervation: Facial nerve (CN VII)
Orbicularis oris
Origin: Maxilla and mandible Insertion: Fibers of the lips Action: Compresses lips Innervation: Facial nerve (CN VII)
Origin: Zygomatic bone Insertion: mandible Action:Elevatesmandible,closesjaws,chewing(mastication) Innervation: Mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve (CN V3)
Masseter
Origin: Zygomatic bone Insertion: mandible Action:Elevatesmandible,closesjaws,chewing(mastication) Innervation: Mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve (CN V3)
Origin: manubrium and clavicle Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone Action: Flexes head at neck (both right and left muscles working together), or bends neck toward shoulder and turns face away (one-side only) Innervation: Spinal Accessory nerve (CN XI)
Sternocleidomastoid
Origin: manubrium and clavicle Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal bone Action: Flexes head at neck (both right and left muscles working together), or bends neck toward shoulder and turns face away (one-side only) Innervation: Spinal Accessory nerve (CN XI)
Origin: Inferior clavicle and fascia of chest Insertion: Inferior surface of mandible Action: Draws corners of mouth inferiorly and tenses skin of the neck by drawing it superiorly Innervation: Cervical Branch of Facial Nerve (CN VII)
Platysma
Origin: Inferior clavicle and fascia of chest Insertion: Inferior surface of mandible Action: Draws corners of mouth inferiorly and tenses skin of the neck by drawing it superiorly Innervation: Cervical Branch of Facial Nerve (CN VII)
Origin: Inferior border of rib Insertion: Superior border of inferior rib Action: Elevates ribs Innervation: Intercostal nerves
External Intercostals
Origin: Inferior border of rib Insertion: Superior border of inferior rib Action: Elevates ribs Innervation: Intercostal nerves Hint: External intercostals run in the same direction as your fingers when you put your hands in your pockets
Origin: Superior border of inferior rib Insertion: Inferior border of superior rib Action: Depresses ribs Innervation: Intercostal nerves
Internal Intercostals
Origin: Superior border of inferior rib Insertion: Inferior border of superior rib Action: Depresses ribs Innervation: Intercostal nerves
Hint: Internal intercostals run in the direction that your fingers run when you place your hands on your heart (i.e. deep and perpendicular to external intercostal muscles)
Origin: originates on the inferior border of the rib cage Insertion: inserts on the central tendon. Action: Flattens when it contracts to increase area of thorax and inflate lungs. Innervation: Phrenic nerve (C3,4,5)
Origin: originates on the inferior border of the rib cage Insertion: inserts on the central tendon. Action: Flattens when it contracts to increase area of thorax and inflate lungs. Innervation: Phrenic nerve (C3,4,5)
Respiratory Diaphragm
Origin: External, inferior borders of ribs Insertion: linea alba and iliac crest Action: Flex trunk (spine) at hip, compress abdomen Innervation: Intercostal nerves Note that the muscle fibers run in the direction that your fingers run when you put your hands in your pockets.
External Oblique Abdominus

Origin: External, inferior borders of ribs Insertion: linea alba and iliac crest Action: Flex trunk (spine) at hip, compress abdomen Innervation: Intercostal nerves Note that the muscle fibers run in the direction that your fingers run when you put your hands in your pockets.
Origin: Pubis Insertion: costal cartilages and xiphoid process Action: Flex trunk (spine) at hip, compress abdomen Innervation: Intercostal nerves
Rectus abdominus
Origin: Pubis Insertion: costal cartilages and xiphoid process Action: Flex trunk (spine) at hip, compress abdomen Innervation: Intercostal nerves


Origin: Occipital bone and spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae Insertion: Clavicle and scapula Action: elevation of scapulae Innervation: Spinal Accessory nerve (CN XI)
Trapezius
Origin: Occipital bone and spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae Insertion: Clavicle and scapula Action: elevation of scapulae Innervation: Spinal Accessory nerve (CN XI)
Origin: vertebral spinous processes, iliac crest, and ribs Insertion: Intertubercular groove and lesser tubercle (humerus (common insertion with teres major muscle). Action: Adduction of arm at shoulder Innervation: spinal nerves (C6-C8)
Latissimus dorsi
Origin: vertebral spinous processes, iliac crest, and ribs Insertion: Intertubercular groove and lesser tubercle of humerus (common insertion with teres major muscle). Action: Adduction of arm at shoulder Innervation: spinal nerves (C6-C8)
Anterior view
Anterior view
Origin: Subscapular fossa Insertion: Lesser tubercle (humerus) Action: Medial rotation of shoulder Innervation: spinal nerve from posterior cord of brachial plexus
Subscapularis
(1 of 4 rotator cuff muscles)
Anterior view
Origin: Subscapular fossa Insertion: Lesser tubercle (humerus) Action: Medial rotation of arm at shoulder Innervation: spinal nerve from posterior cord of brachial plexus
posterior view
Anterior view
posterior view
Anterior view
Origin: Supraspinous fossa Insertion: Greater tubercle Action: abduct arm at shoulder Innervation: spinal nerve from brachial plexus
Supraspinatus
posterior view
Anterior view
Origin: Supraspinous fossa Insertion: Greater tubercle (humerus) Action: abduct arm at shoulder Innervation: spinal nerve from brachial plexus
posterior view
Anterior view
posterior view
Anterior view Origin: Infraspinous fossa Insertion: Greater tubercle (humerus) Action: Lateral rotation of arm at shoulder Innervation: spinal nerve from brachial plexus
Infraspinatus
posterior view
Anterior view Origin: Infraspinous fossa Insertion: Greater tubercle (humerus) Action: Lateral rotation of arm at shoulder Innervation: spinal nerve from brachial plexus
posterior view
Origin: lateral border of scapula Insertion: Greater tubercle (humerus) Action: Laterally rotates arm at shoulder Innervation: Axillary nerve
posterior view
Teres Minor
Origin: lateral border of scapula Insertion: Greater tubercle (humerus) Action: Laterally rotates arm at shoulder Innervation: Axillary nerve
posterior view
posterior view
Anterior view
posterior view
Origin: clavicle and scapula Insertion: deltoid tuberosity (humerus) Action: ab-duct arm at shoulder (similar to supraspinatus) Innervation: Axillary nerve
Anterior view
Deltoid
posterior view
Origin: clavicle and scapula Insertion: deltoid tuberosity (humerus) Action: ab-duct arm at shoulder (similar to supraspinatus) Innervation: Axillary nerve
Anterior view
Origin: clavicle, costal cartilage, and sternum Insertion: Greater tubercle Action: flex arm at shoulder Innervation: Pectoral nerves (spinal nerves from brachial plexus)
Pectoralis major
Origin: clavicle, costal cartilage, and sternum Insertion: Greater tubercle Action: flex arm at shoulder Innervation: Pectoral nerves (spinal nerves from brachial plexus)
Origin: Long Head: Supraglenoid tubercle (scapula) Short Head: Coracoid process (scapula) Insertion: Radial tuberosity Action: flex forearm at elbow and supinate forearm/ hand at elbow (a two-joint muscle) Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve
Biceps brachii
Origin: Long Head: Supraglenoid tubercle (scapula) Short Head: Coracoid process (scapula) Insertion: Radial tuberosity Action: flex forearm at elbow and supinate forearm/ hand at elbow (a two-joint muscle) Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve
Anterior view
Posterior view
Anterior view 20. Identify this muscle and its action !
Posterior view
Origin of
Long Head: Infraglenoid tubercle (scapula) Medial Head: Posterior, lateral humerus Lateral Head: Posterior, medial humerus
Insertion: Olecranon (ulna) Action: Extend forearm at elbow Innervation: Radial nerve
Anterior view 20. Identify this muscle and its action !
Posterior view
Triceps brachii
Origin of
Long Head: Infraglenoid tubercle (scapula) Medial Head: Posterior, lateral humerus Lateral Head: Posterior, medial humerus
Insertion: Olecranon (ulna) Action: Extend forearm at elbow Innervation: Radial nerve
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Base of fifth metacarpal Action: Extend and adduct hand at the wrist Innervation: Posterior Interosseus Nerve, a branch of the Radial Nerve
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris

Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Base of fifth metacarpal Action: Extend and adduct hand at the wrist Innervation: Posterior Interosseus Nerve, a branch of the Radial Nerve
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Base of second and third metacarpals Action: Flex and abduct hand at the wrist Innervation: Median Nerve
Flexor Carpi Radialis

Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Base of second and third metacarpals Action: Flex and abduct hand at the wrist Innervation: Median Nerve


Posterior view
Origin: iliac crest, sacrum Posterior view Insertion: iliotibial tract, linea aspera Action: extension of thigh at hip and lateral rotation of thigh Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve
Gluteus Maximus Posterior view Origin: iliac crest, sacrum Insertion: iliotibial tract, linea aspera Action: extension of thigh at hip and lateral rotation of thigh Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve
Origin: iliac crest Insertion: Greater trochanter Action: Abduction and medial rotation of thigh at the hip Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
Gluteus Medius
Origin: iliac crest Insertion: Greater trochanter Action: Abduction and medial rotation of thigh at the hip Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
Origin: Lateral surface of ilium Insertion: Greater trochanter Action: Abduction, medial rotation at hip Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
Gluteus Minimus Origin: Lateral surface of ilium Insertion: Greater trochanter Action: Abduction, medial rotation at hip Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve
Posterior view
Posterior view Origin: ischial tuberosity Insertion: Medial condyle of tibia Action: flex leg at knee Innervation: Tibial nerve
Semimembranosus
Posterior view Origin: ischial tuberosity Insertion: Medial condyle of tibia Action: flex leg at knee Innervation: Tibial nerve
Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: Medial surface of superior tibia, via pes anserinus Action: flex leg at knee Innervation: Tibial nerve
Semitendinosus
Origin: Ischial tuberosity Insertion: Medial surface of superior tibia, via pes anserinus Action: flex leg at knee Innervation: Tibial nerve
Origin: ischial tuberosity Insertion: Lateral condyle of tibia Action: flex leg at knee Innervation: Tibial nerve
Biceps Femoris, Long-Head
Origin: ischial tuberosity Insertion: Lateral condyle of tibia Action: flex leg at knee Innervation: Tibial nerve
Origin: linea aspera Insertion: Lateral condyle of tibia Action: flex leg at knee Innervation: common fibular nerve
Biceps Femoris, Short-Head

Origin: linea aspera Insertion: Lateral condyle of tibia Action: flex leg at knee Innervation: common fibular nerve
Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine Insertion: Medial side of superior tibia, via pes anserinus Action: flex thigh at hip & flex leg at knee Innervation: Femoral nerve
Sartorius
Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine Insertion: Medial side of superior tibia, via pes anserinus Action: flex thigh at hip & flex leg at knee Innervation: Femoral nerve
Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament, part of quadriceps femoris Action: Flex thigh at hip & extend leg at knee Innervation: Femoral nerve
Rectus Femoris
Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament, part of quadriceps femoris Action: Flex thigh at hip & extend leg at knee Innervation: Femoral nerve
Origin: Intertrochanteric line Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament, part of quadriceps femoris Action: Extend leg at knee Innervation: Femoral nerve
Vastus Medialis
Origin: Intertrochanteric line Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament, part of quadriceps femoris Action: Extend leg at knee Innervation: Femoral nerve
Origin: Greater trochanter Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament, part of quadriceps femoris Action: Extend leg at knee Innervation: Femoral nerve
Vastus Lateralis
Origin: Greater trochanter Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament, part of quadriceps femoris Action: Extend leg at knee Innervation: Femoral nerve
Origin: Anterolateral surface of femur Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament, part of quadriceps femoris Action: Extend leg at knee Innervation: Femoral nerve
Vastus Intermedius
Origin: Anterolateral surface of femur Insertion: Tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament, part of quadriceps femoris Action: Extend leg at knee Innervation: Femoral nerve
Origin: Femoral condyles Insertion: Calcaneus, via calcaneal tendon Action: Plantar flexion of foot at ankle Innervation: Tibial nerve
Gastrocnemius
Origin: Femoral condyles Insertion: Calcaneus, via calcaneal tendon Action: Plantar flexion of foot at ankle Innervation: Tibial nerve
Origin: tibia Insertion: 1st metatarsal Action: Extension (dorsiflexion) of foot at ankle, inversion of foot Innervation: Deep fibular nerve
Tibialis Anterior
Origin: tibia Insertion: 1st metatarsal Action: Extension (dorsiflexion) of foot at ankle, inversion of foot Innervation: Deep fibular nerve
Structures that you should study!

Flexor and extensor retinacula (of wrist and ankle) Withoutthese,muscletendonswouldbow-stringand make it very difficult to perform their function.
This project was made possible by: Rachel Uppgaard (Human Anatomy TA, 2007- present)
and artwork by Jimmy Chue-mai Yang (TA, 2005-2006)

Musc Action Flashcards

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Musc Action Flashcards

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Anatomy Muscles Flashcards

Origins and Insertions

Intended to be viewed as full-screen.

Anatomy Muscles Flashcards

Anatomy Muscles Flashcards

Anatomy Muscles Flashcards

Note: Every muscle has a multitude of actions.

Anatomy Muscles Flashcards

Presented in Three Parts:

Anatomy Muscles Flashcards

1. Identify this muscle and its action !

1. Identify this muscle and its action !

2. Identify this muscle and its action !

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External Oblique Abdominus

10. Identify this muscle and its action !

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Anatomy Muscles Flashcards

Presented in Three Parts:

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