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Культура Документы
2006-03-30
Contents
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Application Areas
Multi-terminal lines with communication to 4 remote line ends Multi-terminal lines with transformers in the protected zone Tapped lines
ABB Power Technologies AB, 2005
2006-03-30
Features: RED670
ABB Power Technologies AB, 2005
Cables
Double circuit lines Series compensated lines Single and two pole tripping Optional protection functions Digital communication between line ends Route switched communication networks Easy upgrading from 2 terminal to tapped line protection
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IED with a pre-selected set of functions: configured First Alternative: Single-Breaker application
Functionality for all over-head and cable lines: The user can order this version and apply it directly
Three-pole or single/three pole trip
Functionality for all over-head and cable lines: The user can order this version and apply it directly Breaker related functions for each breaker
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Over-/Undervoltage protection
Simple and sensitive earth fault protection Limitation of consequences of unsymmetric breaker function Best redundancy at communication failure
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Necessary to avoid protection malfunction (voltage related) Enables choice of trip possibilities, 1 or 3 pole trip at single phase faults Standard functionality to increase network availability To avoid dangerous breaker closing
Trip logic
Essential for analysis of disturbances Primary fault classification Check of fault clearance
Autoreclosing
Synchrocheck
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Sequential
Synchrocheck for two breakers Pole discordance for two breakers Trip logic for two breakers
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Distance Protection
Differential Protection
Local measurements of voltage and current Enables remote back-up protection Communication not primarily needed
Instantaneous fault clearance Absolute selectivity Best for Multi-terminal lines High sensitivity Not sensitive for power swing
Great Flexibility
Independent of IED at the other line end
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Differential Protection: Dependent of communication Distance protection in RED670: Selective back-up protection if the communication is unavailable The distance protection will also serve as protection (main protection or back-up protection) for the adjacent busbar.
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RED 670
Comm. Channel
RED 670
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Protected zone
RED 670
RED 670
RED 670
Communication
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RED 670
RED 670
Communication
RED 670 RED 670 RED 670
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Prot. IED
Prot. IED
Internal summation:
Improved stability of the differential protection Enables the integration of some breaker related functions RED670 has internal summation
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RED 670
RED 670
RED 670
Communication
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RED 670
RED 670
RED 670
Communication
Considered phenomena:
Phase shift of the current through the transformer at different vector groups The inability of many transformers to transform zero sequence currents The inrush current, appearing at the energization of a transformer, will be detected as a differential current it the transformer is within the protected zone Deviation of tap changer position will cause false differential current to the protection, if not compensated for
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Protected zone
RED 670
RED 670
Communication
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RED 670
Comm. Channel
RED 670
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RED 670
RED 670
RED 670
I3
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SlopeSection3
Operation
SlopeSection2
Restrain
Idmin
ABB Power Technologies AB, 2005
EndSection2
Ibias
Section 3
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Negative sequence currents will occur during all types of faults, also for a transient period during three phase short circuits The fault point will serve as a source for negative sequence current Negative sequence current can be seen as normal phase currents but with reverse phase rotation In normal operation, under balance conditions, the negative sequence current components are zero
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Communication I-
RED 670
External Fault
Protected zone Fault Point
RED 670 RED 670
Communication
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RED 670
RED 670
Studied Terminal
90 120 60
RED 670
I- Remote 2
150 30
If the two currents flow in the same direction, the fault is internal.
If the two currents flow in opposite directions, the fault is external.
Minimum Operation I-
330
240 270
300
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5.0
CB closes
phase L1 current
20
40
60
80
100
time in ms
Transformer Overexcitation
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Primary Current
Secondary Current
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Functional Logic
2nd and 5threstrain function are overridden The biased differential function operates without delay (start) Exception: Inrush current of transformer in the protected zone: Special logic will detect this 2nd and 5th harmonic restrain is active, with cross blocking function. This means that harmonics also in non-faulted phase will block the function. Temporarily (as long as external fault is declared plus 100 ms) the limit of differential current for operation will be increased to the value of IdminHigh.
Normal differential protection function with 2nd and 5th harmonic restrain
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SlopeSection3
Operation
Idmin
ABB Power Technologies AB, 2005
EndSection2
Ibias
Section 3
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Calculation of fundamental Magnitudes of frequency differential differential currents currents (3x) & bias current
Bias current
Differential and bias currents applied to operate / bias-, and unrestrained characteristics
>= 1
Start L1 Start L2 Start L2
TRIP
Output logic:
- 2nd harmonic block, - 5th harmonic block, -Cross-block logic - Enhanced trip for internal faults, - Blocked trip for external faults - Trip allowed for external and simultaneous internal faults - Conditional extra delay for trip signals
TRL1 TRL2 TRL3 TRIP RES TRIP UNRE TRNS UNRE TRNSSE NS START STL1 STL2 STL3 BLK2H BLK2HL1 BLK2HL2 BLK2HL3 BLK5H BLK5HL1 BLK5HL2 BLK5HL3 INTFAULT E XTFAULT
[samples]
2nd h. block
[real, imag]
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Charging Current
Ic1
Ic2
RED 670
Communication
RED 670
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At low resistance faults the fault current is large: dominating over the charging current: Error in the charging current compensation has minor influence At high resistive faults the voltage is maintained and the charging current is close to the non-faulted case
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Time synchronization
90deg
360 o 18 o ms 20 ms
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A B T1
T4
Time delay:
(T2 T1 ) (T4 T3 ) Td 2
(T1 T4 ) (T2 T3 ) t 2
Clock difference:
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The echo method allows for route switching with equal delay times for send and receive
GPS clock
A B
GPS clock
Communication principle
RED 670
RED 670
Comm. Channels
RED 670
ABB Power Technologies AB, 2005
RED 670
RED 670
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Communication principle
RED 670
RED 670
Comm. Channels
RED 670 RED 670 RED 670
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10
15
20
25
30
35
Time (ms)
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10
15
20
25
30
35
Time (ms)
Fault occurs
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In each telegram there are eight binary signals freely configurable by the user in CAP configuration. These signals can be used for any purpose.
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Communication hardware solutions LDCM with an external optical to galvanic converter and a multiplexer
Multiplexer
Telecom. Network
Multiplexer
*)
*)
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Communication hardware solutions LDCM with an external optical to optical converter for direct connection to a telecommunications network
G.703.E1
Telecom. Network
G.703.E1
64kbit/s
64kbit/s
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Telecom. Network
Telecom. Network
With redundant channels the primary channel normally is in operation. If the primary channel becomes faulty the operation is switched over to the redundant channel. If the primary is OK again it will take over the operation after a time delay.
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REL670
REL670
68 ZPSB 51/67N
I
60 FF
DR
ABB Power Technologies AB, 2005
87L 3Id/I>
Cont Interl
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59N UN
27 3U<
59 3U>
81U f<
81O f>
To Remote end
REL670
REL670
79 1/3ph Start O->I 86/94 I->O 79 1/3ph Start O->I 86/94 I->O 21 Z<
S 50BF
3I>BF
68 ZPSB
51N/67N
IN>
4 4 4
ABB Power Technologies AB, 2005
60 FF
DR
Cont Interl
59N UN 27 3U< 59 3U> 81U f< 81O f> 87L 3Id/I>
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To Remote end
68 ZPSB 51/67N
I
REL670
Start
79 1/3ph O->I
60 FF
DR
86/94 I->O 87L 3Id/I>
Cont Interl
59N UN
27 3U<
59 3U>
81U f<
81O f>
To Remote end
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68 ZPSB 51/67N
I
REL670
Start
79 1/3ph O->I
60 FF
DR
86/94 I->O
ABB Power Technologies AB, 2005
Cont Interl
59N UN
27 3U<
59 3U>
81U f<
81O f>
To Remote end
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