BRAIN GATE

PRESENTED BY S.sharmila II B.Sc COMPUTER SCIENCE

CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION HISTORY TYPES TECHNOLOGY WORKING PRINCIPLE APPLICATION ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES CONCLUSION REFERENCE

INTRODUCTION
Brain Gate is a brain implant system. Help for spinal cord injury and bodily function. The sensor implanted into a brain. Monitors brain activity in the patients. Converts the intention of a user into computer command.

history
YEARS PLACE DESCRIPTION

1990 2004

Brown University Black Rock Microsystems

Brain computer interface Cyber kinetics

2004
2009

Hospitals in Rhode Island

Utah University

Food and Drug Administration

Brain Gate

types
There are two different types of Brain Gate: One Way Brain Gate Two Way Brain Gate

One Way Brain Gate:

Computer either accept commands from the brain or send signals to it not both.
Two Way Brain Gate:

Brain and external devices to exchange information.

The chip
Size of chip is 2mm x 2mm.

Made upon in silicon. It is a 96 thin hair electrode sensor. Provide fast, reliable and unobtrusive. Connection between brain and computer.

TECHNOLOGY
o Associated with chip, computer and brain. o Chip is implanted in the brain. o Internal signal sensor and output signal. o Thoughts are converted into computer control. o Signal generated by brain and translate into cursor movement. o Technology Based on: Sense Transmit and Analyze

Sense

Simultaneously sense the electrical activities. Sensor contain a of a silicon array. Sense hundred electrodes, thinner then a hair. The array is implanted in the surface of brain. It responsible for other body process.

TRANSMIT AND ANALYZE

Extensive amount of electrical data. Transmit from neurons in the brain to computer One hundred gold wires connects the array. Connected by an external cable. Data can be stored for off-line analysis.

WORKING PRINCIPLE
Signal are interpreted by the system and cursor. User can use the cursor to control the computer The chip can read signal from the motor. send that information to a computer. Translate it to control the movement of a computer cursor. Movements carry a variety of velocity and direction

SOFTWARE BEHIND BRAIN GATE

Brain Gate acts as a surrogate for the medical treatments. It is necessary for transmission of the signals. Signals are converting into the machine. The computer translate brain activity. create a communication output using custom software. The algorithms are written in C LANGUAGE JAVA MATLAB

APPLICATION
o Classification of EEG signal. o Multimedia communication. o Spike detection algorithms. o The machine learning algorithms o Check and read E-mails. o Play games in computer. o Watch and control your television. o Control a robotic arm.

Improvement over existing assistive technologies. Its potential to interface with a computer. Used in an interactive environment Provide significantly more usefulness & utility. Connect directly to the part of the brain and gestures. Ability to operate the devices by their speech.

ADVANTAGES

DISADVANTAGES
Approved for LDE status , not FDA. Difficulty in adaptation and learning. Limitation in information transform rate. The latest technology is 20 bits/min. Switches must be frequently adjusted.

CONCLUSION
Person can work with a computer just by a thoughts. Brain Gate has proved for paralyzed people. World wide introduction of computer.Applicability for Brain Gate or Brain Computer Interface. The human and machine are interacting with each other.

references
www.clinicaltrials.gov www.wikipedia.com www.scribd.com www.braingate2.com www Clinicaltrials.gov.answer.com www.ask.com

QUESTiONS?