OXYGEN CONTROL

Theoretically any mixture with less than 11.5% oxygen will not support

combustion, However, for safety

the level is reduced to 8% vol.

HOW TO CONTROL ? ?

INERT GAS

INERT GAS
ARGON KRYPTON NEON HELIUM
ARE WE REFERRING TO ELEMENTS IN PERIODIC TABLE ?

INERT GAS
INERT GAS IS A GAS ( or ) COMPOSITION OF GASES WHICH

HAS INSUFFICIENT OXYGEN TO

SUPPORT COMBUSTION

INERT GAS ON BOARD THE SHIP CAN BE OBTAINED FROM THE INERT GAS SYSTEM

BOILER UPTAKE

INERT GAS SYSTEM

INERT GAS GENERATOR

INERT GAS PLANT

This is a system specially designed to supply cool, clean,

pressurised, monitored and controlled inert gas.

INERT GAS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

INERT GAS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
MEANS ALL PIPING , VALVES AND

ASSOCIATED FITTINGS TO
DISTRIBUTE INERT GAS FROM INERT

GAS PLANT TO CARGO TANKS

INERT CONDITION
OXYGEN CONTENT THROUGHOUT THE ATMOSPHERE OF THE TANK HAS BEEN REDUCED TO <8% BY

VOLUME

INERT GAS SYSTEM

INERT GAS SYSTEM

BOILER UPTAKE VALVE

Provides a take off point for the flue gas, A cleaning arrangement is fitted to prevent soot build up.

SCRUBBER
Flue gas passes to the scrubber via the uptake valve, here it enters at the bottom via a water seal and passes up through a series of sea water sprays and baffle plates being cooled and cleaned before exiting via a demister The water is supplied via the Scrubber pump, the sprays reduce the temperature to within 2*C of the sea water temperature, the Sulphur dioxide content is reduced 90%, and the gas is clear of soot. The tower is rubber lined and other parts are made of glass fiber to protect against the SO2 . The water seal at the bottom is provided by the weir arrangement fitted to the drain system.

BLOWERS
Two types of fans are fitted, a steam turbine driven one of sufficient capacity to supply I.G requirements during cargo ops, and an electrically driven unit with sufficient capacity for topping up only

BLOWERS
CAPACITY = > 125 % OF THE MAX DISCH RATE

MAY BE 2 BLOWERS (or) 1 BLOWER TO MEET THE CRITERIA

REGULATING VALVE
The pressure within the tanks is controlled by automatic or manual operation of the regulating v/v, if the demand is low and the regulating v/v nearly closed then the re-circulating v/v opens thereby reducing the possibility of the fan overheating by passing the gas back to the scrubber tower

DECK SEAL
The Inert gas leaving the engine room to deck passes through the Deck Seal whose purpose is to prevent gases from passing back to the engine room from the cargo tanks. A demister is fitted on the outlet side. The seal is internally rubber lined and a heating coil fitted to allow use in low temperatures.

DECK SEAL
The controlled water level has a low level alarm fitted. As the seal is a primary safety feature it is supplied from the general salt water system when the scrubber pump is not in use. Checks are made on the pipe from the seal to the regulating v/v to ensure no HC prescience which would indicate corrosion damage.

DECK SEAL - TYPES

DECK SEAL
WET TYPE SEMI-DRY TYPE

DRY TYPE

PREDOMINANTLY FOUND + HIGHLY EFFECTIVE

FOUND ON SOME SHIPS + NOT HIGHLY PREFERRED

SLUGGISH IN RESPONSE + NOT PREFERRED

DECK SEAL WET TYPE

DECK SEAL SEMI DRY TYPE

DECK SEAL DRY TYPE

NON RETURN VALVE

As an additional safeguard to prevent

the backflow of gas from the cargo

tanks, one or more mechanical non-

return valves are installed on the cargo

tank side and in series with the deck

water seal.

DECK ISOLATION VALVE

This valve is used to isolate the inert gas plant from the deck distribution subsystem and the cargo tanks; it therefore constitutes the First" barrier to any reverse flow of cargo tank gas when the IGS is started, tested, or secured. A second valve is necessary unless the deck mechanical non-return valve has a positive means of closure.

DECK DISTRIBUTION
This subsystem consists of a single inert gas main running the entire length of the cargo deck, starting at the deck isolating valve aft and ending at the vent valve forward. One or more pressure/vacuum devices are fitted to the inert gas main to prevent the cargo tanks

from being over or under-pressurized.

DECK DISTRIBUTION
The inert gas main contains a means for receiving an outside source of inert gas when the IGS is not functioning. From the

inert gas main, individual branch lines run to

the cargo tanks. Stop valves or equivalent closures are fitted at each branch line, so

that each cargo tank can be isolated from the

inert gas system.

DECK DISTRIBUTION

PRESSURE VACCUM VALVES

EACH TANK FITTED SECONDARY VALVE FITTED IF NO PRESSURE MONITORING DEVICE PREVENT OVER AND UNDER PRESSURISATION OF TANKS

PRESSURE VACCUM VALVE

PRESSURE SIDE LIFTS OFF WHEN TANK PRESSURE EXCEEDS THE SET LIMITS

VACCUM SIDE LIFTS OFF WHEN TANK RUNS INTO VACCUM AND ATMO IS LET IN

ROLE OF PV / HVV VALVE WHILE LOADING

When loading cargo tanks at high rates, steps must be taken to avoid pressure build up which can cause structural damage. This requires the release of the vapours from the tank. This could be by pipes led up the mast with a release point via a flame trap.

ROLE OF PV / HVV VALVE WHILE LOADING

An alternative as shown provides a high velocity release which carries the gas well clear of the ship. Depending on the pressure, the area between the fixed cone and the orifice plate will change allowing the velocity to be maintained. At high pressures the orifice is forced upwards against the bellows force, thus increasing the flow area. At low pressure the counterweight pulls the orifce downwards thereby reducing the flow area and maintaining the gas velocity

ROLE OF PV / HVV VALVE WHILE LOADING

INERT GAS GENERATORS

PREDOMINANTLY FOUND ON PRODUCT TANKERS AND DEDICATED CHEMICAL TANKERS. THE UNDERLYING PRINCIPLE IS SAME EXCEPT THAT THE BOILER FLUE GAS IS NOT USED. A SEPARATE COMBUSTION CHAMBER IS MADE USE OF FOR GENERATING INERT GAS

BENEFITS
REDUCED FIRE HAZARD

REDUCED CARGO DISCHARGE TIMES

THANK U