Afifah FB Faldi R Hasna NK M.

Luthfi JR Sakya NH Surya MG

Simple Present Tense

Structure
(+) Subject + Verb 1 + (s/es/ies) + object/adverb Ex: We sing as song everyday
(-) Subject

+ do/does + not + verb 1 + object/adverb Ex: He does not usually study English (?) Do/does + subject + verb 1 + object/adverb? Ex: Do you remember me?

Usages
- menyatakan kebiasaan sehari-hari

Ex: She goes to shool everyday -menyatakan peristiwa yang sudah umum terjadi dan -tidak dapat dibantah Ex: The sky is blue -menyatakan permintaan kepada orang kedua Ex: He wants me to learn hard -menyatakan peristiwa yang sudah pasti terjadi dan akan terjadi pada waktu yang akan datang Ex: Surabaya team plays the soccer in Senayan stadion

Time signal
Everyday, Every week, In the morning, At seven, Twice a week, Here/there

The present continuous tense is used to describe an action that is happening at the time of speaking/writing or temporary actions. Structure (+) S to be Ving (-) S to be not Ving (?) to be S Ving Example: (+) I am going to the store (-) He is not watching the movie (?) Is she waiting for you?

Present Perfect Tense

The present perfect tense is used to express action that has been completed with respect to the present (the word perfect in its name refers to the idea of completionof being now finished ratherformulas The than to perfection in the sense of "no flaws) have/has V3 (+) S (-) S have/has not V3 (?) Have/has S V3

Example: (+) He has drunk milk (-) I havent cleaned the floor (?) Have you learned for the exam?

The present perfect continuous tense is often used (with for or since) to describe how long something has been happening up to The now. formulas (+) S have/has been Ving (-) S have/has not been Ving (?) Have/has S been Ving

MEN U

Structure

Simple Past Tense

(+) Subject + Verb 2 + Object/adverb Ex: He watched the television (-) Subject + did not + Verb 1 + Object/adverb Ex: My father did not give me the money (?) Did + subject + verb 1 + object/adverb? Ex: Did you steal the jewelry?

Usage

-menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang dilakukan di masa lampau dan diketahui p waktu peristiwanya. Ex: I read a good book last night. -menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang sudah dilakukan dan telah selesai di wakt - sama di masa lampau. Ex: She sent a letter two days ago -menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang dijadikan kebiasaan di masa lampau - Ex: He always taught me the language - menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang seandainya terlaksana dilakukan Ex: If you come to my house I would show all my toys.

Time signal

Yesterday, The day before yesterday, Just now, Last night, Last w Two days ago, The other day

(+) Subject + was/were + verb-ing + object/adverb Ex: We were reading the lesson
(-) Subject + was/were + not + verb-ing + object/adverb Ex: I was not doing the homework (?) Was/were + subject + verb-ing+ object/adverb Ex: Were you leaving this college?

Usage

menyatakan peristiwa yang sedang terjadi pada waktu lampau Ex: I was reading the newspaper yesterday -menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang belum selesai ketika perbuatan lain sudah terjadi Ex: I was working when she came here -menyatakan dua peristiwa yang terjadi secara bersamaan di waktu lampau Ex: He was studying while I was coming to his house -Menyatakan peristiwa yang terjadi secara bertahap Ex: Rika was growing up Time signal

all day yesterday, The whole yesterday, When, As While The whole day last week

(+) Subject + had + Verb 3 + Object/adverb Ex: She had seen Eiffel Tower. (-) Subject + had + not + verb 3 + object/adverb Ex: I had not gone to Colorado (?) Had + subject + verb 3 + object/adverb? Ex: Had you come to Citarum River?

Usage

-in reported speech after verbs like said, told, asked, -thought, wondered Ex: I asked them why they had not finished. -expresses action in the past before another action in -the past (past in the past) Ex: You had stopped before me. -Menyatakan peristiwa yang sudah sempurna dilakuka -di masa lampau Ex: I had finished my homework.

Time signal
Past perfect + when + past tense Ex: I had told them the problem when they met me Past tense + after + past perfect Ex: He came here after I had given him much money Past perfect + before + past tense Ex: The train had come before left Past tense + as soon as + past perfect Ex: She worked as soon as her mother had done Past tense + until + past perfect Ex: I waited him until he had come When + past tense + past perfect Ex: When I ate pizza, my brother had eaten it.

structure
(+) Subject + had + been + verb-ing + object/adverb Ex: We had been learning Sundanese culture
(-) Subject + had + not + been + verb-ing + object/adverb Ex: You had not been running on that track (?) Had + subject + been + verb-ing+ object/adverb? Ex: Had you ever been in Mecca?

usage
- expresses longer actions in the past before another action in the past Ex: When I arrived, Ram had been waiting for two hours. -menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang dikerjakan pada waktu lampau dan -sedang berlangsung pada masa lampau Ex: I had been going to the market. - menyatakan suatu persitiwa yang lainnya terjadi pada waktu lampau Ex: she had been cooking the rice when her mother went to the market

Time signal
For, When, Since, Before, After

Simple future tense

structure

usage
- Menyatakan suatu peristiwa yang akan terjadi pada waktu yang akan datang Ex: I shall go to Surabaya tomorrow - Menyatakan janji pada waktu yang akan datang Ex: They will give you the gift on your birthday - Menyatakan suatu tawaran/ajakan terhadap orang lain Ex: Will you go with me to the mart? - Menyatakan suatu keharusan Ex: I shall study hard for the examination -Menyatakan syarat atau pengandaian Ex: He will love the girl if she is beautiful

Time signal

Tomorrow, Tonight, Soon, Until, The day after tomorrow, Later, In a little whil

Future continuous tense

structure
(+) Subject + shall/will + be + verb-ing+ object/adverb Ex: I shall be chasing her
(-) Subject + shall/will + not+ be+ verb-ing + object/adverb Ex: You will not be building the house (?) Shall/will + subject + be + verb-ing + object/adverb? Ex: Will she writing a short letter?

usage
-menyatakan peristiwa yang akan terjadi pada waktu yang akan sedang terjadi Ex: I shall be learning the language -menyatakan peristiwa yang akan terjadi pada waktu yang akan terjadi terus-menerus pada waktu yang akan datang Ex: When you come to my house, she will be working at the office

Time signal

Tomorrow, While, When, If, At this time tomorrow, At the same time next wee By this time tomorrow

Future Perfect Tense