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Introduction
o in communication with others only 30 % of the communication is verbal, o 70 % is non-verbal o non-verbal communication involves gestures, facial expressions, eye contact o our non-verbal behavior is mostly
non-verbal communication
Nonverbal Communication I
Is it possible to communicate without words? Studies show that over half of your message is carried through nonverbal elements:
Your appearance Your body language The tone and the pace of your voice.
Nonverbal Communication II
We know the importance of first impression But first impressions happen everytime we initiate the communication. Before someone processes our verbal messages,
She/He has taken in our appearance, Registered our enthusiasm and sincerety Noted our tone of voice and processed all into nonverbal message.
First Impression
First impression includes: o Dress & grooming o Voice o Handshake o Eye contact o Body posture
Depth of knowledge: in the area of expertise o This refers how well you know your subject? o How well do you know your company? o Does the depth of your knowledge project credibility and command respect from your employees or do they say I could do her job as well as she can o As a part of your image learn your job, company, industry, firms policies, personnel
Breadth of Knowledge
Breadth of Knowledge: This area deals with your ability to converse with others in fields of outside area of expertise. The latest development in world events? Popular books and movies? Arts? Hobbies? Different interest areas? Touristic experiences?
Enthusiasm
Most people like to work with others who are enthusiastic about their work. Enthusiastic people seem to work harder, longer and more accurately than those who are not enthusiastic. Enthusiasm is a projected behaviour to others and make the others enthusiastic. Reverse is valid also.
Gestures do SPEAK
Body language and nonverbal communication are transmitted through the eyes, face, hands, arms, legs and posture (sitting and walking) Each individual, isolated gesture is like a word in sentence; it is difficult and isolated dangerous to interpret in and of itself. Therefore consider the gesture in the light of everyhing else that is going on around you.
Eyes
Windows of the soul, excellent are
indicators of feelings. Shifty eyes, beady eyes and look of steel demonstrate awareness. Honest person has a tendency to look you straight in the eye when speaking. At least listeners accept it like that.
Eyes II
People avoid eye contact with other person when an uncomfortable question asked.
shows surprise.
People are classified as
@ Right lookers are more influenced by logic and precision, @ Left lookers are found to be more emotional, subjective and suggestible.
The Face
The face is one of the most reliable indicators
of a persons attitudes, emotions & feelings
The Face
o Common facial gestures are:
o Frowns: unhappiness, anger o Smiles: happiness o Sneers: dislike, disgust o Clenched jaws: tension, anger o Pouting lips: sadness.
The Hands
Tightly clenched hands usually indicate that the
when you are standing and joining your hands behind your back.
The Hands II
Rubing gently behind or beside the ear with the index finger or rubbing the eye usually means
Hands III
Cupping one or both hands over the mouth, especially when talking, may well indicate that
The Arms
Crossed arms tend to signal defensiveness. They seemingly act as a protective guard against an
The Legs
o Crossed legs tend to seem disagreement. o People who tightly cross their legs seem to
boredom or impatience.
Interest and involvement are usually projected by sitting on the edge of the chair and leaning slightly forward. Generally, people who walk fast and swing their arms freely tend to know what they want and to go after that.
accurately understood.
sincerety
o Open hands, o unbuttoned coal or collar, o leaning slightly forward in the chair, o removing coat or jacket,
o a rigid body,
o arms or legs tightly crossed, o eyes glancing sideways or darting occasionaly. o minimal eye contact
unfriendly way.
Typical evaluation gestures include
o tilted head,
o hand to cheek,
o leaning forward and o chin stroking
critical aspect.
o The body is more drawn back o The hand is to the face but the chin is in the palm of
the hand with one finger going up the cheek and the
other fingers positioned below the mouth. o This is generally an unfavorable gesture.
General Principles
o You cannot not communicate (ALL nonverbal behavior has value) o Nonverbal communication:
o Is, for the most part, culture-bound o Is primarily relational o Is ambiguous o Serves many functions
Repeating
Nonverbal cues can reiterate verbal communication Repeating is sequential, not simultaneous Your significant other asks if you are having an affair. First, you shake your head no. Then you say, No. You ask a stranger in a foreign country what time it is. The stranger doesnt understand, so you tap the top of your wrist with your finger.
Substituting
Nonverbal cues may serve as substitutes or replacements for words. Emblems are nonverbal gestures that are the equivalent of words.
A basketball player makes a choke sign after a player on the other team misses a crucial free throw. A motorist flips you the bird on the freeway.
Complimenting
Nonverbal cues may compliment or reinforce words.
While scolding a child a parent points a finger at him or her. A teacher asks if you understand an assignment. You nod your head up and down while saying Yes, I think so.
Accenting
Nonverbal cues can amplify or accentuate language.
A parent tells a child Its bedtime. The child lays on the floor, kicking and screaming, while saying No, no, no, no, no. A guy asks a girl, Hey, How YOU doin?
Regulating
Making or breaking eye contact to signal turn taking Using nonverbal cues to cut in or interrupt someone
Gus puts both elbows on the table and inhales, indicating he is about to speak. An argument about politics starts to erupt at a party. A girlfriend puts her hand on her boyfriends forearm to signal that he needs to calm down.
Contradicting
Contradicting (Conflicting) Nonverbal cues can signal the opposite of what words mean. We may perceive others as sending mixed signals. Your mouth is saying no, but your body is saying yes. You stifle a yawn with your hand and say to your dinner date, Thats really fascinating.
Answers
1. Complimenting (If she didnt mouth the words call me it would be substituting) 2. Contradicting 3. Substituting 4. Repeating 5. Accenting 6. Contradicting 7. Regulating
Distance (Proxemics)
o o o o o o o
Body orientation Posture Territoriality Gestures Physical Face and eyes Space Voice (Paralanguage) Color Temperature Touch Lighting Time
Noise
Enhancing Communication
o Remember: Nonverbal is ambiguous! o Consider:
o Cultural influences o Context of interaction o Relationship between communicators o Moods of communicators