DIGITAL GRID

A COMMUNICATIVE ELECTRICAL GRID

By K.Tejaswini
Under the guidance of

V.RAJANI KUMAR PATNAIK

ABSTRACT:

The large scale deployment of wind generated power ,solar power and other power from renewable energy sources cannot be achieved without overcoming fundamental issues with the existing electrical power grid.

This lead to the concept of DIGITAL GRID-the convergence of information and power in a next generation network. Adopting this digital grid consisting Digital grid router and digital grid controller, the large scale deployment of a renewable energy based power system can be a reality .

What is Digital Grid?

Digital grid is a communicative electrical grid. It is nothing but an electrical grid where a wide area Synchronised power System is subdivi -ded into digitalised small sized power systems such that it accepts penetrations high and prevent blackouts .

Why Digital Grid?

The impact of issues such as changes in the global climate and soaring fossil fuel prices has accelerated a shift to Renewable energy such as solar and wind energy . Loss of power synchronization due to fluctuations in solar and wind power generation. Smart grids also proposed but eventhough they have digitalized information system and smart management ,it is difficult to transfer power according to demand . As Digital Grid(DG) has subdivided cells which have its own regulated supply ,demand balance within the cell is adopted.

Functions :
Support for high penetration of renewable energy. Grid stability Grid redundancy Improves grid flexibility Digital power trading Merging information and electric power

Explanation :
The existing power grid is divided into cells with an assignment of IP addresses to power converters, storage , generators and other equipment .

DG is composed of (1).Digital Grid Router(DGR) (2).Digital Grid Controller (DGC)

DGR:

DGR is a self-commutated multileg AC/DC/AC converter that can provide coordination between backbone grid and cells and also between cells. DGR enables the communication and transfer the power to different cells which are connected by it. It can transmit the desired active power in a desired direction and independently generate the required reactive power thereby enabling voltage regulation. It can also become an voltage source in the case of null voltage status of connected power grid as it is self-commutated device

DGC:
DGC can meter the quantity of power generated from solar and wind and other power sources that have relatively severe fluctuations. Exchanges data through external telecommunication circuits. It can forecast power exchangerelated information and reserve power transactions.

DG Benefits :

Large scale deployment of renewable energy

In the case of conventional power grid fluctuations are connected to power grid,larger changes in sizes made unavoidable whereas in DG those fluctuations are absorbed by frequency changes within cells.

Grid with high redundancy and robustness :

in conventional power grid ,a power line routing accident can make the usage of grid impossible but it is possible to square the number of cells which increase power interchange .

Sharing of energy storage devices :

The energy storage capacity needed to be installed in DG is less compared with amount required if each cell Independently provided its own storage.

Load sharing: if the remaining charge in the storage devices of a cell is low and it is determined that it possess a barrier to frequency maintenance ,it is possible to request a power exchange with nearby cells.

Coexistence with the backbone grid:

the hybrid configuration of the existing backbone grid and DG will tap the potential offered by a new power grid.

Security: as the cells are premised on an autonomous power system ,they can ensure their own security.

Conclusion:
The concept of convergence of power and information is explained using Digital grid. It uses DGR and DGC to append information to power flows, enabling their differentiation and identification. The digital grid enables a more robust grid by segmenting it into largely autonomous cells and with energy storage enables a large proportion of renewable energy which cannot be achieved by the present grid architecture .

THANK YOU