INSTRUCTIONS FOR CUTTING, SPLICING AND CONNECTING WIRES

DEFINITION:
JOINING THE EDGE OF TWO SEPARATE WIRE TOGETHER IS KNOWN AS SPLICE. JOINING A WIRE AT RIGHT ANGLES TO A CONTINOUS WIRE IS CALLED A TAP

TO MAKE SPLICES AND TAPS AS STRONG AS A CONTINOUS PIECE OF WIRE, THE JOB MUST BE DONE CAREFULLY OR THROUGHLY... OTHERWISE, TROUBLE WILL RESULT.

IN JOINING TWO OR MORE WIRES, A GOOD CONNECTION MUST MEET TWO REQUIREMENTS: 1. WIRES MUST BE BRIGHT AND CLEAN WHEN BROUGHT TOGETHER
2. CONNECTION MUST BE TIGHT, WELL FASTENED WITH SOLDER OR SOLDERLESS CONNECTORS AND COVERED WITH TAPE SO THAT IT IS AS WELL INSULATED AS IT WAS BEFORE ORIGINAL INSULATION WAS REMOVED

CUTTING WIRE:
REMOVE INSULATION BY CUTTING AT A SLANT- AS IN SHARPENING A PENCIL. EXPOSED INCH OF COPPER CONDUCTOR. REMOVED ALL PARTS OF INSULATION BUT NOT TIN COATING, WHICH MAKES SOLDERING EASY.

COMBINATION WIRE CUTTER AND STRIPPER MAKES A HANDY TOOL THAT CUTS AND STRIPS CLEAN ALL POPULAR SIZES OF SOLID OR STRANDED COPPER WIRES. USE ALSO FOR LOOPING WIRES UNDER SCREWS.

FIVE TYPES OF WIRE CUTTER:

1. LINEMANS WIRE CUTTER Also called "combination pliers," the lineman's pliers are made with both a gripping surface and a cutting edge. This type of pliers has a universal use of gripping small objects and is used by most electricians because of their insulated handles that reduce the risk of moderate shock. The pliers' metal components are usually made from high grade steel, but the rubberized grips are usually worn out quickly under daily use.

2. LOCKING WIRE CUTTERS

Carpenters use a lot of locking wire cutters. As the name rightly suggests, these wire cutters have an edge over other normal ones . These cutters come with a unique feature which acts like a lock. These wire cutters or pliers have knob situated on their handle. This knob acts like a lock and can be tightened and loosened as per requirement. This is a user friendly feature as carpenters get a better grip of the wire or metal sheet thanks to this wire cutter lock.

3. NEEDLE NOSE WIRE CUTTER:

A needle nosed wire cutter gets its name from the way its cutter is shaped. They have sharp edged cutters that are thin and narrow. Hence, they are used by carpenters to cut fine wires. Moreover , their slenderness makes them more usable in a cluttered space. These wire cutters also have insulated grips that can protect the carpenters from minor shocks.

4. DIAGONAL CUTTING WIRE CUTTERS: As the name suggests, these wire cutters have diagonal shaped edges. These are used by both carpenters as well as electricians. To ensure the safety of the worker, you get diagonal cutting wire cutters with insulated handles.

5. ROUND NOSE WIRE CUTTER:

Not all cutters can be used to bend wires. The round nose wire cutters have round shaped edges that taper towards the point where both the edges meet. These round nose wire cutters are used by both electricians as well as carpenters. These come to use for cutting or bending wires and thin strips of metal.

CONNECTIONS AT SCREW TERMINALS:

BEND END METAL WIRE INTO A LOOP TO FIT AROUND A SCREW. BE SURE TO ATTACH LOOP IN DIRECTION IN WHICH SCREW TURNS WHEN TIGHTENING AS ILLUSTRATED BELOW.

SPLICING WIRES TOGETHER:

REMOVE ABOUT 3 INCHES OF INSULATION FROM EACH WIRE AND CROSS WIRES ABOUT 1 INCH FROM INSULATION; MAKE 6 TO 8 TURNS USING FINGERS AND PLIERS.

TAP SPLICES:
FOR CONNECTING THE END OF ONE WIRE AT A POINT ON A CONTINOUS WIRE. USE ONLY IF THERE IS NO PULL ON TAPPED WIRE. BARE AND CLEAN THE TAP WIRE, THEN WRAP AROUND CONTONOUS WIRE. SOLDER AND TAPE.

DIPPING WIRES:
EXCEPT WHERE SOLDERLESS CONNECTORS CAN BE USED, ALL SPLICES AND TAPS MUST BE SOLDERED. A SOLDERING DIPPER IS CONVENIENT FOR PIGTAIL JOINTS. APPLY SOLDER PASTE AND DIP WIRES INTO POT.

APPLYING SOLDER:
SO SOLDER WILL FLOW EASIER, FIRST COAT WITH ELECTRICAL SOLDERING PASTE. WITH SOLDERING IRON, HEAT WIRES ENOUGH FOR SOLDER TO MELT INTO EVERY CREVICE WHEN TOUCHED TO THEM.

TAPING:
AFTER WIRES ARE SOLDERED THEY MUST BE INSULATED. FIRST, WRAP JOINTS WITH RUBBER TAPE, THEN COVER WITH FRICTION TAPE. IF WIRES ARE NOT RUBBER COVERED, APPLY ONLY LAYERS OF FRICTION TAPE.

RUBBER TAPE

FRICTION TAPE

PLASTIC TAPE DOES FASTER, NEATER, CLEANER JOB. EASIER TO HANDLE, TAKES LESS SPACE IN SWITCH BOXES. DOES THE WORK OF BOTH RUBBER AND FRICTION TAPE, WATER-PROOF, ACIDPROOF.

SOLDERLESS CONNECTORS ELIMINATE THE NEED FOR SOLDERING JOINTS. MADE OF INSULATING MATERIAL SO WIRES NEED NOT BE TAPED-SHORT CIRCUITS CANNOT OCCUR. SIMPLY SCREW THE CONNECTOR OVER WIRES AS SHOWN.

ON RUNS TO OUTBUILDINGS AND ON POWER FEED LINES USE SOLDERLESS CONNECTORS. USE TYPE A FOR TAPPING AN EXISTING LINE WHERE THERE IS STRAIN ON WIRES. USE TYPE B FOR ALL SERVICE ENTRANCE CONNECTIONS AND INSULATE WITH PLASTIC TAPE.