Effect of Bahirprimarjana Treatment (Taila Abhyanga) in the Management of Inflammatory Disorders

Dr. Arpit Gupta PGDPK II yr.

Dr.K.H.H.V.S.S. Narasimha Murthy Supervisor

Department of Kayachikitsa Faculty of Ayurveda, IMS,BHU, Varanasi

Inflammation
Inflammation is part of the complex biological response of vascular tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants. This is sequence of specific physiological behaviors that occur in the response to a non specific agents.

Acts To: 1) Neutralize or destroy offending agent 2) Restricts tissue damage to smallest possible area 3) Alert body to threat of tissue injury 4) Prepares injured area for healing

Causes of Inflammation
Exogenous or Endogenous Trauma Surgery Infection Caustic chemicals Extremes of heat or cold Immune responses Ischemic responses

Cardinal Signs of Acute Inflammation

Heat

Redness

Swelling

Pain

Loss of function

Inflammation in a Tissue

Acute Inflammation Components

Physiological Responses
Release of soluble mediators Vasodilation Increased blood flow Extravasation of fluid (permeability) Cellular influx (chemotaxis) Elevated cellular metabolism

Symptoms

Heat (calor) Redness (rubor) Swelling (tumor) Pain (dolor)

Acute Inflammation Components

Physiological Responses
Release of soluble mediators Vasodilation Increased blood flow Extravasation of fluid (permeability) Cellular influx (chemotaxis) Elevated cellular metabolism

Symptoms

Heat (calor) Redness (rubor) Swelling (tumor) Pain (dolor)

Acute Inflammation Components

Physiological Responses
Release of soluble mediators Vasodilation Increased blood flow Extravasation of fluid (permeability) Cellular influx (chemotaxis) Elevated cellular metabolism

Symptoms

Heat (calor) Redness (rubor) Swelling (tumor) Pain (dolor)

Acute Inflammation Components

Physiological Responses
Release of soluble mediators Vasodilation

Symptoms

Heat (calor) Redness (tubor)

Increased blood flow

Swelling (tumor)
Extravasation of fluid (permeability) Cellular influx (chemotaxis) Elevated cellular metabolism

Pain (dolor)

Acute Inflammation Components

Physiological Responses
Release of soluble mediators

Symptoms

Vasodilation
Increased blood flow

Heat (calore)
Redness (tubor)

Extravasation of fluid (permeability)

Cellular influx (chemotaxis)

Swelling (tumor)
Pain (dolor)

Elevated cellular metabolism

Stages of Inflammation
I. Neurological responsesympathetic nervous system, causes constriction of blood vessels include triple response Of capillaries and arterioles Thin red line( 3-50 sec.) Wheal- Pale, soft, swollen area(1-5 min.)

II. Vascular response A. VasodilatationB. Edema -

C. Pain

Inflammation Outcome - Resolution

Healing Injury Acute Inflammation Chronic Inflammation Ulcers Fistula Sinus

Abscess

Bahirparimarjana Chikitsa
The bahirprimarjana chikitsa are advocated to clean the body from outsides. Like massage, application of medicated pastes, or pouring taila, decoction etc over whole body or affected parts. Bahirparimarjana procedures are essentially Physiotherapy of Ayurveda. Keraliya Pancha Karma procedures are a modified form of physiotherapy.

Bahirparimarjana Procedures
Abhyanga Snehana Swedana Seka & pariseka Lepa Avagahana Mardana Utsadana Sencana Dhupana Gandhana
Massage Therapy Oliation Therapy Steam Bath Pour liquids over body Paste application Decoction Bath in a tub Deep massage

Fomentation

TAILA ABHYANGA(MASSAGE)

UTSADANA

SWEDANA

PARISEKA

MASSAGE

SEKA & SENCANA

Taila Abhyanga (Massage Therapy) Abhyanga is the application of oil to the skin followed by massage in specific directions.

Benefits of Abhyanga
Vata hara:- Relive in imbalance of vata i.e. pain etc Kapha hara:- Alleviates imbalance of Kapha dosha i.e. swelling Abhighata sahyatva:- reduces the effect of trauma if any Dhatu pusthi janana:- promotes the excellence of body tissue Pusthikara : nourishes the body tissue

Mechanism of Abhyanga
Massage Improves blood circulation Facilitates removal of toxins from the tissues Relives physical and mental fatigue Betters the functioning of the musculoskeletal system Clears stiffness and heaviness in the body

Indications
Cranial nerve disorders Neurological disorders Ache in any part of body like LBP, Injury, sport injury, sprain, strain etc Degenerative joint disorders e.g. OA, RA etc. Dermatological disorders e.g. psoriasis, urticria etc.

Abhyanga - Scientific Studies

A study held in 11 persons. Study held at Buck Institute and published in the February 1st online edition of Science Translational Medicine. The men exercised hard, riding a stationary bike until they could ride no more. After that, one leg got a 10-minute massage. The researchers compared muscle cells from the two legs at a very deep level and did biopsy of muscles of that massaged leg after 2.5 hrs. Research showed that massage dampened the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the muscle cells and promoted biogenesis of mitochondria, which are the energy-producing units in the cells. Pain reduction associated with massage may involve the same mechanism as those targeted by conventional anti-inflammatory drugs.

OTHER STUDY
Suppression of neutrophil accumulation in mice by cutaneous application of Geranium (P. graveolens) essential oil. Study published in Journal of Inflammation 2005. Cutaneous application of essential oils, especially geranium oil, can suppress the inflammatory symptoms with neutrophil accumulation and edema. Other oils such as Lavender, Eucalyptus and Tea tree oils also suppressed the activity. So it is prove that massage may help in reducing inflammation.