Академический Документы
Профессиональный Документы
Культура Документы
Secondary Data
Data gathered by another source (e.g. research study, survey, interview) Secondary data is gathered BEFORE primary data. WHY? Because you want to find out what is already known about a subject before you dive into your own investigation. WHY? Because some of your questions can possibly have been already answered by other investigators or authors. Why reinvent the wheel?
Primary Data
Data never gathered before Advantage: find data you need to suit your purpose Disadvantage: usually more costly and time consuming than collecting secondary data Collected after secondary data is collected
Sampling Techniques
Population - total group of respondents that the researcher wants to study. Populations are too costly and time consuming to study in entirety. Sample - selecting and surveying respondents (research participants) from the population.
Sampling Techniques
A probability sample is one that gives every member of the population a known chance of being selected.
simple random sample - anyone stratified sample - different groups (ages) cluster sample - different areas (cities)
Sampling Techniques
A non-probability sample is an arbitrary grouping that limits the use of some statistical tests. It is not selected randomly. convenience sample - readily available quota sample - maintain representation
either/or responses (true/false; yes/no; for/against multiple choice select one or more than one scaled response gather range of values (strongly disagree, somewhat disagree, neutral, somewhat agree, strongly agree
Plan a user-friendly format Gather demographic data age, gender, etc., when necessary. Guarantee anonymity Ensure ease of tabulation Scantron forms Ask well-phrased and unambiguous questions that can be answered Develop for completeness get all the data Pilot test the instrument
Assignment
Prepare a questionnaire (word processed on paper) that you utilized to gather the primary data for the formal report case. The questionnaire will be inserted as an appendix at the end of your formal report. Remember, you should include on the survey: an introductory statement about the purpose of the survey, a motivational reason why customers should take it, and a reminder to participants that they are taking the survey anonymously. You should NOT include on the survey: answer percentages
ensure anonymity
END