5g(extension to 4g)

ByRitwik verma Ec-63 0912231095

overview
EVOLUTION PERSPECTIVE FROM 1G TO 3G 4G AND ITS LIMITATIONS INTRODUCTION TO 5G BDMA FUTURE SCOPE AND CONCLUSION

1G WIRELESS SYSTEM
Developed in 1980s and completed in early 1990s 1G was old analog system and supported the 1st generation of analog cell phones speed up to 2.4kbps Advance mobile phone system (AMPS) was first launched by the US and is a 1G mobile system Allows users to make voice calls in 1 country

2G WIRELESS SYSTEM
Fielded in the late 1980s and finished in the late 1990s Planned for voice transmission with digital signal and the speeds up to 64kbps 2G was the digital handsets that we are used today, with 2.5G representing handsets with data capabilities over GPRS

3G WIRELESS SYSTEM

4G WIRELESS SYSTEM
It offer both cellular and broadband multimedia services everywhere Theoretically, 4G is set to deliver 100mbps to a roaming mobile device globally, and up to 1Gbps to a stationary device. 4G brings almost perfect real world wireless or called WWWW: World Wide Wireless Web

LIMITATIONS OF 4G
Develop resource allocation methods that support desired services, achieve fairness objectives, and that provide incentives for independent wireless networks of all sizes to cooperate. Establish optimization techniques to manage the tradeoffs between power, degree and frequency of reconfiguration, device computation capabilities, channel depth, and spectrum efficiency. Identify and develop an appropriate device platform in terms of power consumption, programming model and scalability Identify and develop an overall system architecture that is flexible yet sufficiently scalable to support both carrier-centric and Internet economic models.

5G WIRELESS SYSTEM
5G is a name used in some research papers and projects to denote the next major phase of mobile telecommunications standards The uploading and downloading speed of 5G technology touching the peak. The major difference between 4G and 5G techniques would be like lower battery consumption, better coverage, high bit rates in larger portions of the coverage area, cheaper or no traffic fees due to low infrastructure deployment costs, or higher aggregate capacity for many simultaneous users.

BEAM DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS

When a base station communicates with mobile
stations, an orthogonal beam is allocated to each mobile station. The BDMA technique of the present invention divides an antenna beam according to locations of the mobile stations to allow the mobile stations to give multiple accesses. Mobile and base stations transmit beams which direct to each other's position to communicate without interfering with mobile stations

OPERATION OF BDMA
Initially the mobile stations detect the positions and moving speeds, and omni directionally transmit it to the base station. Now the base station calculates a direction and a width of a downlink beam and transmits to mobile station. Mobile station tracks a direction of the downlink beam and transmits the uplink beam in the set direction.

OPERATION OF BDMA (CONTD.)

A beam update is periodically performed between the mobile station and the base station. When mobile stations are at different angles, the base station transmits data to multiple mobile stations at different angles. One mobile station does not use one beam exclusively, but shares beam to communicate with the base station if placed at same angle.

BASE STATION VS. MOBILE STATION

BASE STATION
Comprises an initial mobile station information receiver for receiving initial mobile station information. A downlink beam generator for generating a downlink beam. A downlink beam transmitter for transmitting the downlink beam

MOBILE STATION
Comprises a mobile station location and speed detector for detecting a current location.

A downlink beam receiver for receiving a downlink beam from the base station. An uplink beam transmitter for transmitting the uplink beam generated to the base station.

ADVANTAGES OF BDMA
The mobile communication system may maximize spatial use of frequency/time resources and a system capacity of a base station by the number of beams in the base station. Radiation pattern of an antenna of the base station and radiation pattern of an antenna of the mobile station are designed to match each other. It may solve performance deterioration problems of users in a cellular system.

FUTURE SCOPE AND CONCLUSION

For 5G standards to be implemented, it would likely be around the year 2020, according to sources. Pervasive networks might be used where the user can simultaneously be connected to several wireless access technologies and seamlessly move between them. One unified global standard. User centric network concept instead of operator-initiated (as in 1G) or system developer initiated (as in 2G, 3G and 4G) standards. Real wireless world with no more limitation with access and zone issues.

THANK YOU!
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