Obat anti virus

Mechanism of action
Antiviralmonophosphatediphosphate triphosphate(active form) Triphosphate incorporated into viral DNA chain termination stop DNA synthesis TP form competitive inhibitor of reverse transcriptase/ DNA polimerase

Anti herpesvirus
Acyclovir Famciclovir Valaciclovir Ganciclovir Idoxuridine Sorivudine Trifluridine, vidarabin,etc

Anti herpes agents

Acyclovir, valacyclovi Herpes simplex and zoster infection SP : pregnancy,lactation,renal function AR : GI disturb, skin rash, headache, neurological effect Dosage

Famciclovir
Acute herpes zoster and acute genital herpes infections CI: pregnancy, lactation SP: impaired renal function AR: nausea, headache Dose:

Anti retrovirus
Zidovudine Zalcitabine Stavudine Didanosine Nevirapine Ritonavir, nelfinavir, saquinavir, amprenavir,lopinavir,indinavir,etc

zidovudine
Ind: asymptomatic and symptomatic HIV inf, advanced inf w/ AIDS or AIDS related complex, CD4< 200/mm3 CI : neutrophil< 750/mm3 or Hb < 7,5 g% AR: anemia, netropenia,etc D : Start with 200 mg/ 4 hrly

Stavudine
Ind : HIV infected patient AR : neuropathy,SGOT/SGOT D : adult > 60 kg 40 mg, < 60 kg 30 mg, taken 2 times daily child(< 30 kg) : 2 mg/kg/day

nevirapine
Ind : HIV-1 inf in combination w/ other anti retroviral agents, prevention motherto-child HIV transmission in pregnant women D : prevention: 200mg during labour,then neonate : 2 mg/kg within 72 hr after birth

Other antiviral agents

Lamivudine Telbivudine Adefovir Interferon/pegylated interferon. ribavirin Zanamivir,oseltamivir Amantadine,rimantadine

lamivudine
Indication: HIV and HBV Inhibit RT & DNA polimerase activity SP: liver,renal dis,pregnancy, lactation AR: headache, GI disturb Tab 150 mg(3TC) & 100 mg( 3TC-HBV) Used in combination w/ zidovudine(HIV), dose: 2x150 mg(adult) ,child: 4 mg/kgbw

ribavirin
Ind : RSV(pneumonia), chronic hep C Inhibits replication of DNA&RNA virus AR : hemolytic anemia, CNS disorders D :- RSVaerosol(nebulizer) 20 mg/ml 1,4 mg/kgbw/hour 12-18 hr/day for 3-7 days - HEP viral : < 75 kg: 1000 mg/day > 75 kg: 1200mg/day

Interferon/peginterferon
Ind : chronic hep B and C Inhibiting RNA transcript, protein synthesis, and assembly of the virus AR : fever, headache, fatigue, GI disturb, alopecia D : peginterf alfa 2a: 180mcg/wk---- 6-12 mth( + ribavirin for hep C) peginterf alfa 2b: 1-1,5mcg/kg/wk 6-12 mth(+ ribavirin for hep C)

Anthelmintic drugs
Piperazine Pyrantel pamoate Mebendazole Albendazole Tiabendazole Diethylcarbamazine

Indication Mechanism of action Presentation/packing Dose