HYPERACTIVE DISORDER

BY: SITI ROZAIDAH BINTI ZAINALABIDIN MP111512

What is hyperactivity disorder?

Known as Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder

(ADHD) A child with ADHD normally:

Excessively active Easy to be distracted Impulsive behavior Unruly Difficult to manage (in every surrounding)

TYPE OF ADHD
Combined Type
Symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity and

inattention.
Hyperactive/Impulsive
Symptoms of hyperactivity and impulsivity.

Predominately Inattentive
Symptoms of inattention.

Does your children have these symptoms???

DIAGNOSTIC GUIDELINES
Outlined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual,

published by American Psychiatric Association (3rd Edition, 1987). These following description may happen in 2 conditions:
A disturbance of 6 months or more Onset before 7 years old

 G1: often fidgeting hands/feet/squirms in seat restlessly G2: difficult to remain seated when required to G3: Easily distracted by external stimuli G4: difficult in waiting turn (games/group situations)

G5: prematurely in answering questions (often blurts

out answers before the question completed) G6: difficult in following instructions (eg: fails to finish chores) G7: difficult to sustain attention in tasks/play activities G8: often shifts incomplete activity to another G9: difficult to play quietly G10: talks excessively G11: often interrupts others (butts into other childrens game) G12: doesnt seem to listen (whats being said to

 G13: often loses things important G14: often doing dangerous things without

thinking the consequences (run into street without looking)

If your children score at least 8/14, they are MAY

HAVE BEEN diagnosed with HYPERACTIVE DISORDER However, ADHD children may improve their behavior as their age increase.

BEHAVIOR THROUGH STAGES

INFANCY
- 1 day 5 years -Irregular, unpredictable behavior (eating, sleeping) -Normally moody (often crying and fussing) -Health problems (allergies,asthm a,respiratory infection, serous otitis media)

PRESCHOOL
-5-6 years -Excessively active (always run) -Clumsy -Fearless -Doing something that shouldnt be done -Short attention span -Need to be supervised all the time

MIDDLE SCHOOL
-7-12 years old -Parents always received bad report from teachers -Learning problems -Disorganized -Forgetful -Messy -Create problem with friends -Impulsive behavior

ADOLESCENT
20% ADHD children show symptom-free -commonly, school performance is low -rebelliousness Argumentativene ss -Moody -anti-social

ADULT YEARS
-symptoms decrease significantly over the years -having problems with attention,forgetfu l, absentmindness -often annoys spouses and employers -restlessness (can be +ve and ve)

What Causes Hyperactivity?

Many parents pointed out these reasons
Environmental causes Traumatic events happened Parenting failure

The TRUE causes are:

1) Problems in prenatal period (during pregnancy) and perinatal period (during birth process)

Prenatal period (PREGNANCY) 1.Maternal health 2.Age of mother 3.First pregnancy 4.Toxemia and eclampsia

Perinatal period (BIRTH) 1.Long labor 2.Fetal distress 3.Postmaturity 4.Congenital problems

 2) Environment
Damage to the childs nervous system may occur when

exposed to hazardous substances Eg: lead poisoning causes neurological damage and psychological problems, food dyes, additives and etc.
3) Hereditary
Children with severe ADHD are more likely have

one/both parents was hyperactive children themselves. Siblings (esp. brothers) of ADHD have 25% possibilities to have ADHD symptoms. Alcoholism in the family often caused the ADHD

What Can We Do About It?

1) MEDICATION
Stimulant drugs (eg: ritalin, tricyclic depressants)
70-80% children shows immediate/dramatic

improvement in their behavior However, parents are compulsory to monitor and manage the medication
Right dosage Improvement monitoring

2) PHYSICAL APPROACHES TREATMENT - Additive-free (Defined) Diets - Sugar-free Diets (applied on certain group of children) - general nutrition (eat breakfast regularly)

Is caffeine consumption can improve ADHD childrens behavior?

 3) PSYCHOTHERAPY
In order to reduce medicine consumption Psychotherapy session Cognitive training (by asking children to complete a

task according to sets of question-to control the impulsive behavior)

4) BEHAVIOR MODIFICATION
Using positive consequences (using reinforces and

praises) Negative consequences (punishment-but it isnt effective as much as positive)

ALWAYS LOOK ON THE GOOD SIDE!!

Often positive qualities are overlooked
A high level of energy Oriented towards an active lifestyle

Outgoing and personable

Creative thinkers, tend to think outside the box

Many of these qualities prepare ADHD students for successful professional lives

THANK YOU