Jaipur Engineering College, Kukas

Submitted to:
Ms. Garima Mathur HOD, ECE

Submitted by:
Rahul Agarwal (EC09086)

A PRESENTATION SEMINAR ON WI-FI (Wireless Fidelity)

CONTENTS

Introduction Wi-Fi Technologies Wi-Fi Network Elements How a Wi-Fi Network Works Wi-Fi Network Topologies Wi-Fi Security Advantages/ Disadvantages of Wi-Fi Conclusion References

INTRODUCTION

Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) is a generic term that refers to the IEEE 802.11 communications standard for Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs). Wireless Technology is an alternative to Wired Technology , which is commonly used, for connecting devices in wireless mode. Wi-Fi Network connect computers to each other, to the internet and to the wired network.

The Wi-Fi Technology

Wi-Fi Networks use Radio Technologies to transmit & receive data at high speed The name 802.1x comes from the IEEE committee that standardized it. Basic protocols of 802.11 standard are : IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.11a IEEE 802.11g

IEEE 802.11b

Appear in late 1999 Operates at 2.4GHz radio spectrum 11 Mbps (theoretical speed) - within 30 m Range 4-6 Mbps (actual speed) 100 -150 feet range Most popular, Least Expensive Interference from mobile phones and Bluetooth devices which can reduce the transmission speed.

IEEE 802.11a

Introduced in 2001 Operates at 5 GHz (less popular) 54 Mbps (theoretical speed) 15-20 Mbps (Actual speed) 50-75 feet range More expensive

IEEE 802.11g

Introduced in 2003 Combine the feature of both standards (a,b) 100-150 feet range 54 Mbps Speed 2.4 GHz radio frequencies Use OFDM Technology

Elements of a WI-FI Network

Access Point (AP) - The AP is a wireless LAN transceiver or base station that can connect one or many wireless devices simultaneously to the Internet. Wi-Fi cards - They accept the wireless signal and relay information. They can be internal and external. (e.g PCMCIA Card for Laptop and PCI Card for Desktop PC) Safeguards - Firewalls and anti-virus software protect networks from uninvited users and keep information secure.

How a Wi-Fi Network Works

Basic concept is same as Walkie talkies. A Wi-Fi hotspot is created by installing an access point to an internet connection. An access point acts as a base station. When Wi-Fi enabled device encounters a hotspot the device can then connect to that network wirelessly. A single access point can support up to 30 users and can function within a range of 100 150 feet indoors and up to 300 feet outdoors. Many access points can be connected to each other via Ethernet cables to create a single large network.

Wi-Fi Network Topologies

AP-based topology (Infrastructure Mode)

Peer-to-peer topology (Ad-hoc Mode)

Point-to-multipoint bridge topology

AP-based topology

The client communicate through Access Point. BSA-RF coverage provided by an AP. ESA-It consists of 2 or more BSA.

Peer-to-peer TOPOLOGY

AP is not required. Client devices within a cell can communicate directly with each other. It is useful for setting up of a wireless network quickly and easily.

Point-to-multipoint bridge TOPOLOGY

This is used to connect a LAN in one building to a LANs in other buildings even if the buildings are miles apart.These conditions receive a clear line of sight between buildings. The line-of-sight range varies based on the type of wireless bridge and antenna used as well as the environmental conditions.

Open Wireless Access Points

The dangers of open Wi-Fi
A wireless system is like an Internet hub: Anybody who is within range and has access to the radio signals is able to see all of the traffic going to and from. In terms of what the person on an open WiFi network is doing: For example email, unless special actions and measures are taken, email is transmitted as pure raw text in the clear

Solutions to open WiFi

Mac Address Filtering Give my access point a list of allowed clients by their Mac Address Mac Address Filtering would protect your access point from a neighbor: casually connecting or mistakenly connecting

Solutions to open Wi-Fi

Another possibility:
SSID Hiding You hide the name of your router so that people don't see it. It hides it only from those who aren't using packet sniffers, hackers see it just fine.

Open Wireless Access Points

One Solution
Turn on encryption to scramble your data! Two common options for encryption: WEP WPA

Solutions to open WiFi

One last possibility:
Data Encryption WEP is one type of encryption WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) Foundation of WEP encryption is an RC4 cipher, is extremely strong. But it was used in a very bad way. Thus WEP is broken!!!

Solutions to open WiFi

WPA Encryption Keys
WPA is a more powerful security technology for Wi-Fi networks
than WEP. It provides strong data protection by using encryption as well as strong access controls and user authentication. It uses TKIP encryption. There are two basic forms of WPA: WPA Enterprise (requires a Radius server) WPA Personal (also known as WPA-PSK).

ADVANTAGES

Mobility Ease of Installation Flexibility Cost Security Use unlicensed part of the radio spectrum Roaming Speed

LIMITATION

Interference Degradation in performance High power consumption Limited range

CONCLUSION

For now Wi-Fi provides broad band internet access to specially outfitted PCs and Laptops. But in future may be hotspots be wireless. By Wi-Fi our time and money are saved. The technologies have help Wi-Fi Hotspots are becoming more popular throught urban envirnment.

REFERENCES

www.howstuffworks.com/wireless-network.htm http://www.wifiplanet.com/tutorials/article.php/3552826 http://www.dslreports.com/faq/11274 www.tatacommunications.com/sme/wifioverview.asp

THANK YOU

ANY QUERIES ??